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At least 181 records · Page 10Linked to original sources
PubMed1999

Changing patterns of care for war-related post-traumatic stress disorder at Department of Veterans Affairs medical centers: the use of performance data to guide program development.

This study traces the development of services for war-related post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) provided at Department of Veterans Affairs (VA) medical centers. During the 1980s, long-stay inpatient programs were the major source of specialized VA treatment for PTSD, and an initial effort at development of specialized outpatient clinics resulted in incomplete implementation. In 1988, a full continuum of inpatient and outpatient services was designed and a national program of performance monitoring and outcome assessment was implemented to standardize program structure, monitor delivery, and evaluate outcomes. A series of multisite outcome studies showed significant but modest improvement in association with specialized outpatient treatment; they also showed that traditional long-term inpatient programs were no more effective and were far more costly than short-term specialized inpatient programs. Since 1995, the VA has shifted the emphasis of care substantially from inpatient to outpatient settings. National monitoring efforts have documented maintenance of specialized PTSD treatment capacity, increased access, improvement on available administrative measures of quality of care, and improved inpatient outcomes. Although there have been major changes in the treatment of mental illness in most health care systems in recent years, change in the treatment of PTSD at VA medical centers is unique in that it has been guided by the results of multisite outcome studies conducted in a "real-world" setting and has been supported by ongoing nationwide performance monitoring.

Ambulatory Care↗
PubMed1990

Launching a multidisciplinary staff development program for liver transplantation.

This article describes a collaborative effort between specialty areas at a large urban medical center to develop a comprehensive liver transplant educational program. The historical overview, needs assessment, and program planning are discussed. The implementation, planning, and evaluation phases are examined. The process presented here can serve as a framework for clinical educators confronted with major new initiatives.

Curriculum↗
PubMed1976

Accreditation of occupational health programs: development and validation of criteria.

Defined standards and a mechanism for evaluation of performance can help promote new and improve existing occupational health programs. Criteria must be based on sound principles, be comprehensive, discriminating and attainable. They should apply to small and large establishments with varying hazards. A successful program requires a multi-disciplinary effort involving physicians, nurses, industrial hygienists, health physicists, safety professionals, managers, technicians and labor. Assessment by on-site peer review is necessary. The criteria and process for their use must be accepted by the professions, labor and management. The Occupational Health/Safety Programs Accreditation Commission plans to use the document entitled Standards, Interpretations and Audit Criteria for Performance of Occupational Health Programs in its accreditation activities. The development and validation of this document and its use are described.

Accreditation↗
PubMed1991

Improving a community preceptorship through a clinical faculty development program.

A department of family and community medicine has successfully used annual conferences to develop the teaching skills of clinical faculty. The conferences focus on specific topics each year, faculty are required to attend, and experienced preceptors are used as facilitators. These conferences have effectively improved the preceptors' abilities as teachers of medical students. This is dramatically illustrated by the increase in measurable objectives on the negotiated learning contracts.

Community Medicine↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Institutional child protection: issues in program development and implementation.

As part of a comprehensive inventory of state institutional child protection programs, state protective services offices were surveyed by telephone, self-administered questionnaire, and site interviews regarding the policies, procedures, and protocols of each for handling complaints of abuse and neglect in children's institutions.

Child↗
PubMed1998

Clinical teaching rounds. A case-oriented faculty development program.

OBJECTIVE: To improve clinical teaching with emphasis on improving provision of feedback through a faculty development series modeled on clinical rounds. METHOD: Seven 1-hour conferences were held for the pediatric faculty during the academic year 1994-1995. Clinical rounds were emulated, with a simulated learner functioning as the patient with a chief complaint of some instructional problem. The conferences progressed from discussion about teaching in a particular situation, to videotapes of clinical teaching, and finally to live clinical teaching. Evaluation of the conferences was assessed by attendance records, participants' evaluations of the conferences, and comparing student and resident evaluations of faculty who attended (i.e., those who attended > or = 2) with faculty who did not attend. Comparisons were made for the academic year before and after the conferences using paired t tests. RESULTS: Forty percent of the faculty attended 2 or more conferences. Mean conference ratings were 4.00 to 4.35, (1 is poor; 5, excellent). Faculty who attended had a significant improvement in ratings for feedback (P = .01) and overall teaching effectiveness (P = .04). Ratings for faculty who did not attend did not change. CONCLUSION: These conferences were well received by the faculty and are an effective way to improve clinical teaching.

Clinical Competence↗
PubMed1990

[A self-development program for obese female students].

The purpose of this study is to construct and evaluate a self-development programme for obese female students. The important role of psychological factors in the etiology of obesity, affects self-development in the client through methods of growth stimulation, and will promote ego strength to assist in the demands of mass control. A self-development programme is constructed and applied to a group of obese female students. The experimental design comprised a pre, post and post-post evaluation with physical and psychological measuring instruments on an experimental and a control group. No significant changes in body mass occurred. Psychologically the programme promoted self-actualisation in terms of (intrapersonally) increased spontaneity, self-regard, confidence, worthiness and decreased nervousness, and (interpersonally) increased general social adaptation and the capacity for intimate, personal contact. It is recommended that the stimulation of psychological growth be stressed even more in mass control programmes. Also, the contents of this type of programme should be investigated to promote behaviour change over a longer period of time.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

Teaching material. Ways to enhance visual aids in staff development programs.

Most nurse educators incorporate some kind of media into their teaching strategies. The widespread availability of professionally developed media resources, however, does not guarantee effectiveness. The ASSURE model was presented as one method of selecting these materials on the basis of their suitability for the subject, the adult learner, and the instructor in achieving the desired educational outcomes. Furthermore, it offers guidelines for modifying or designing materials to be used in settings where media resources may be limited. The ASSURE model can help staff development educators provide effective instruction by making the best use of available media through the use of systematic instructional design principles.

Audiovisual Aids↗
PubMed1996

Fellow of the American Dietetic Association credentialing program: development and implementation of a portfolio-based assessment.

This report has described the measurement and operational procedures used for the design, development, and implementation of the newly inaugurated Fellow of The American Dietetic Association credentialing program. The program was established to identify and certify registered dietitians who possess the characteristics of advanced-level practice. The main features of the Fellow program are as follows. It is based on the results of an empirical study that identified the characteristics of advanced-level practice. It is guided by the Fellow Assessment Plan, which specifies the content and level of dietetics practice involved and the psychometric and operational requirements for sound measurement. It is a performance-based portfolio assessment of six professional characteristics (education, work experience, professional achievement, professional roles, professional contacts, and approach to practice). It uses objective automated computer scoring and independent peer-review grading of candidate materials in relation to an explicit scoring rubric. It requires statistical analysis of the database of candidate scores, which is conducted to ensure that the scoring of candidate materials is accurate and reliable and that the assessment, as a measurement instrument, is psychometrically sound. It involves a standard-setting workshop in which a panel of subject-matter experts establish the lowest level of acceptable candidate performance on Approach to Practice; the passing standard for the other five characteristics was preestablished by the empirical study. A careful review of all evidence on the development and implementation of the 1994 Fellow assessment suggests that these procedures are technically sound and produce psychometrically defensible results. Our evaluation and commentary from CDR and CTB staff, subject-matter expert participants, and the candidates themselves suggested a number of ways to improve the Fellow program in subsequent administrations of the assessment. Changes have been implemented and CDR will continue to consider all data in its ongoing improvement efforts.

Credentialing↗
PubMedDate not supplied

An intrathoracic left ventricular assist system: utilization of results from a development program.

An intrathoracic, electrohydraulically actuated, left ventricular assist system (LVAS) was subjected to formal device readiness testing. Endurance testing was initiated on eight systems before testing was halted due to failure of four of the systems. Three failed due to environmental leakage. Solutions were straightforward, involving gasket changes and o-ring resizing. The fourth failure involved a magnetic coupling piston swelling and seizing. The failure was attributed, after long investigation, to hydrogen adsorption by the samarium-cobalt magnets. An unknown number of coupling magnets were affected in this fashion, necessitating complete replacement of magnets to resolve the problem. However, this was beyond the scope of the program, and no further endurance testing was accomplished. The test experience of the Nimbus/CCF LVAS has demonstrated all functional aspects of the complete LVAS, both in vitro and in vivo, and the endurance and reliability potential is indicated as well. Although the LVAS program is currently inactive, its legacy of technical innovations continue to drive the development of other medical devices.

Animals↗
PubMed1967

Emergency health services informational and educational programs: development and present status.

The development and present status of the Emergency Health Services (EHS) national and educational programs are discussed. Instituted in 1951 for medical and dental practitioners at a military school at Camp Borden, professional civilian indoctrination was later assumed by EHS at Canadian Emergency Measures College (CEMC). The federally sponsored courses there are now specialized; provincial EHS authorities undertake general indoctrination. Courses for graduates in pharmacy and nursing are also offered at CEMC. Hospital Disaster Institutes have been held across the country since 1954; Public Health Disaster Institutes, since 1966. Schools of Hygiene include the subject in graduate programs. Some years ago, three medical faculties introduced undergraduate teaching in mass casualty care; now, encouraged by the Association of Canadian Medical Colleges, a larger number are doing so. Several faculties of Dentistry, all faculties of Pharmacy, and 132 of 177 nursing schools teach apposite aspects. Professional journals have published many articles on this subject; this, for example, is the fourth Emergency Health Services Symposium presented by The Canadian Medical Association Journal.

Canada↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Continuing education in later adulthood: implications for program development for elderly guest students.

While more and more institutions of higher education are offering cost-free continuing education programs to older men and women, the enrollment of this target population is quite low. This study was conducted to identify factors that would positively influence the decisions of individuals over sixty years of age to participate in such programs. Sixty-five white predominantly upper middle-class, highly educated (means = 16.92 years of schooling) women aged sixty years and over (means = 68.80) were given a questionnaire concerning attitudes toward continuing education. The majority (86%) indicated a high level of interest in taking geology, political science, world and art history, music, literature, and language courses. In addition, 85 percent preferred to participate in learning situations that included younger and older individuals; 58 percent reported interest in having a companion enroll with them; 48 percent preferred no specific learning environments (i.e., lecture, discussion, or workshop); and 75 percent reported that family members did not suggest that they enroll in continuing education classes. It is suggested that the high level of interest in taking courses offered by institutions of higher education displayed by the women surveyed is because of personal experience with university level education in young adulthood.

Aged↗