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Results for “Computer Programs And Programming”

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At least 235 records · Page 13Linked to original sources

PubMed1996

[The revised PEDINFUS computer program for total and added parenteral nutrition in children].

The computer program PEDINFUS, first described in 1991, has been fundamentally revised and further developed. The area of application has been considerably widened as additive parenteral nutrition has been included and the group of newborn and preterm infants has been taken into account. Consequently, the program can be used for children of all age groups. In addition, the program has a graphical user interface and can be used on several hardware platforms. The flexibility of the program has also been increased to a considerable degree. Now the nutrient amounts per kilogram per day, the limits of the laboratory values, the combination of enteral food and infusion solutions, and the already drawn-up infusion plans can be changed at liberty. Considerably more matters of clinical interest accompanying parenteral nutrition have been integrated in the program. Further plausibility controls have also been introduced to achieve greater certainty in the calculation of the infusion solutions. In consequence, the preconditions for ensuring and controlling the quality of infusion therapy regimens can be established on an improved level.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1984

[Computer program for the processing of data collected during therapeutic trials in psychiatry].

A computer program is described which has been developed over several years and allows for the easy processing of psychiatric data gathered in clinical trials. It provides user-defined parametrization of a computer-aided data entry system, the use of the program created to input data to the computer and the data processing of the data collected either through modifications of the file created or by statistical analysis, the procedures of which have been simplified to enable its performance even by lay people.

Clinical Trials as Topic↗

PubMed2002

Development of a simple computer program for spirometry interpretation.

OBJECTIVES: To develop and evaluate a computer program for interpretation of spirometry. METHODOLOGY: The spirometry programme was constructed in Epi Info software using a previously defined algorithm for interpretation. The programme incorporated current American Thoracic Society guidelines on interpretation of spirometry and was based on regression equations for healthy North Indians previously derived by us. The programme was pretested for two months before being put to routine use. RESULTS: Use of this spirometry programme led to consistent interpretation of spirometry results. There was significant saving of time while preparing reports, without any additional expenditure. CONCLUSION: The use of such computer programmes accelerate the reporting of pulmonary function test results at little extra cost, and all interpretations are performed in a consistent fashion.

Female↗

PubMed1987

Computer programs for the analysis of protein fluorescence quenching data.

Educational computer programs for analysis of fluorescence quenching studies of proteins have been developed. The program is written according to the classical Stern-Volmer equation and some modified Stern-Volmer equations. The static and dynamic quenching constants as well as the accessibility of the quencher molecules to the fluorescence groups are calculated. The experimental data are plotted on a high resolution graph. The calculated data or the graphs can be printed out to obtain a hard copy for filing.

Kinetics↗

PubMed1978

An integrated set of computer programs for processing electron micrographs of biological structures.

A set of computer programs is described which has been developed for processing electron micrographs of biological structures. The programs provide facilities for efficient image storage, enhancement and display. Extensive programs are available for analysis of images of structures with translational, rotational and helical symmetry, and for performing 3-dimensional reconstruction. The considerations which went into the design of the system are listed. A description is provided of the means of control of the main program, which performs the majority of the image processing operations, and an example is given to illustrate its use. These programs are compared with other program systems also developed for micrograph image processing.

Computers↗

PubMed2002

A computer program for period analysis of cancer patient survival.

Monitoring of long-term survival rates, which is now routinely performed by many cancer registries throughout the world, should be as up-to-date as possible. A few years ago, a new method of survival analysis, denoted period analysis, has been proposed which provides more up-to-date estimates of long-term survival rates than traditional survival analysis by exclusively reflecting the survival experience of patients within a recent calendar period. However, application of this method has so far been hindered by the lack of pertinent computer programs. In this paper, we present a simple and easy-to-use computer program (SAS macro) that enables one to carry out period analysis (as well as conventional analysis) of both absolute and relative survival rates with the type of data commonly available in population-based cancer registries. We illustrate application of the program with examples from the nationwide Finnish Cancer Registry.

Female↗

PubMed1980

Radioimmunoassay evaluation and quality control by use of a simple computer program for a low cost desk top calculator.

A simple computer program for the data processing and quality control of radioimmunoassays is presented. It is written for low cost programmable desk top calculator (Hewlett Packard 97), which can be afforded by smaller laboratories. The untreated counts from the scintillation spectrometer are entered manually; the printout gives the following results: initial data, logit-log transformed calibration points, parameters of goodness of fit and of the position of the standard curve, control and unknown samples dose estimates (mean value from single dose interpolations and scatter of replicates) together with the automatic calculation of within assay variance and, by use of magnetic cards holding the control parameters of all previous assays, between assay variance.

Computers↗

PubMed1988

A computer program for automatic plotting of isopotential contours in CNS.

A computer program was developed in a Basic (Applesoft) version for generating up to five isopotential curves from field potentials recorded in nervous structures. Voltages are fed according to a cartesian coordinate system, and an area is delineated each four points in which a certain number of intermediate voltage points are calculated, according to the required resolution. The calculated values are compared to those prefixed for each curve and, if similar, their coordinates are stored in corresponding bidimensional matrixes. A special subroutine was designed for constructing an isometric tridimensional perspective of the isopotential curve ensemble. The reliability of this program was tested in the localization of sensory representation areas on the neocortex of the South American armadillo (Chaetophractus vellerosus) studied by evoked potential mapping following visual, auditory and somatosensory stimuli. The isopotential curves traced permitted a quantitative evaluation of the cortical activated areas, and from their topographical distribution, relative unresponsive zones could be inferred where only inconspicuous responses were obtained. It is concluded that the present program provides a reliable and fast method for studying the evoked potential's spatial distribution over the entire neocortex. In addition, it can be extended to the study of curves or contours which connect equivalent values pertaining to biophysical magnitudes other than voltage data.

Animals↗

PubMed1991

A computer program for molecular weight determination of DNA fragments (HOWBIG).

The computer program HOWBIG has been developed based on the reciprocal correlation of size to migration distance of DNA in high voltage gradient gel systems (Southern, 1979). For calculation the program automatically chooses three marker bands migrating closest to the calculated band, reducing the error down to approximately 0.5% or less (reciprocal method, local form of calculation). The big advantages of the completely menu-driven program are high accuracy, error detectability, speed and ease of data handling. Management of marker-DNA molecular weights, data and analyses as files included in the menu driven program speeds up every-day lab work.

DNA↗

PubMed1991

A PC based computer program to aid the preparation of solvent systems for the HPLC.

An interactive computer program, SOLCOMP, is developed which calculates the volumes of the components that are to be added to obtain either a fresh solvent mixture or a new solvent system from the old one of required composition. The code is implemented in MicroSoft FORTRAN and GWBASIC which runs on any IBM compatible PC under MSDOS environment.

Algorithms↗

PubMed1997

Application of a computer program to exclude additional unexpected antibodies.

BACKGROUND: When a patient has produced red cell (RBC) antibodies in the past, he or she is at risk of producing additional antibodies after antigen challenge. The presence of these antibodies should be excluded before each transfusion. The following criteria are applied when using commercial test RBCs: RBCs should not express the antigen against which the previously documented antibody is directed. For other clinically significant antigens, at least one RBC sample should be from a donor who is homozygous for the encoding gene. The manual selection of such RBCs is tedious and requires experience. STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS: A computer program has been developed that generates exclusion panels (EPs) by selecting a minimum number of RBCs from commercial test panel complying with current criteria. When RBCs from a donor who is homozygous for the encoding gene are absent, the program selects, as a second-best option, RBCs from a donor who is heterozygous for that gene. The computer program developed for this study investigated the usefulness of commercially available panels from separate manufactures in excluding the presence of additional antibodies. A list of 488 antibodies detected by a regional blood bank in 1994 was used as cases of antibodies documented in the past. RESULTS: In 61 percent of the cases, successful EPs (i.e., those complying with the criteria), consisting of three to four different phenotypes, were selected. In the remaining 39 percent of cases, it was impossible to generate successful EPs: 1 to 2 additional antibodies could not be excluded or could be excluded only by using RBCs from heterozygotes. Commercial panels differed only slightly in their efficiency in providing suitable RBCs. None of the commercial panels could provide suitable RBCs to exclude all additional antibodies in the presence of anti-c, anti-e, or anti-M. Increasing the number of RBCs from which to select EPs only slightly increased the percentage of success. CONCLUSION: Computer-aided construction of EPs quickly shows whether strict criteria can be met or whether alternative techniques should be used. It leads to a significant reduction in the number of RBC suspensions necessary to exclude additional antibodies. Results with various commercial panels differed only slightly.

Antibodies↗

PubMedDate not supplied

[A computer program for toxico-chemical analysis using gas chromatography].

A high probability of identification of substances containing nitrogen or phosphorus in their molecules is obtained by the original gas chromatographic (GC) system. It enables the reliability of positive identification in 98.43% of cases compared with the modern GC where for the chromatographic library spectrum of 200 substances the probability of identification of unknown substances is only 28.13%. GC system is based on the parallel configuration of the two capillary columns of different polarities connected to the one-column injector and the one nitrogen-phosphorus detector as well as the original computer program developed on the qualitative-logistic approach to interpretation of chromatographic parameters using only one reference substance. The computer program can perform positive logistic identification also in the case when the unknown substance is in the closest chromatographic vicinity, with quite different reference substances on both capillary columns.

Chromatography, Gas↗

PubMed1977

A computer program to record technical data in leukapheresis and plateletpheresis procedures.

A computer program for the recording of data and calculation of results from leukapheresis and plateletpheresis procedures is described. It provides a printout of cell yields and other results for each procedure, as well as an updated list of donors and phereses. The data are kept on tape, accessible for periodic statistical analysis. While primarily set up for use with Haemonetics (intermittent-flow centrifugation) equipment, the program is adaptable for other systems.

Blood Transfusion↗

PubMed1991

Mixed oligo designer (MOD), a computer program to aid planning of automated, mixed oligodeoxyribonucleotide synthesis for mutagenesis experiments.

A computer program, MOD (mixed oligo designer), which aids in planning site-directed mutagenesis experiments using highly substituted oligodeoxyribonucleotides (oligos), is described. The program calculates the relationship between the degree of oligo substitution and the mutation frequency, in order to achieve an optimal level of mutagenesis. The program can be used on a wide variety of computers and runs under a number of different operating systems.

Algorithms↗

PubMed1987

[A computer program for recognition of normal and pathologic blood and bone marrow cells].

A computer program to identify normal and pathological blood and marrow cells is presented. It requires an analysis of cellular morphology according to ten simple criteria. These criteria are treated by the Bayesian method; then the program offers, in decreasing order, the cells which are best classified. The responses are analyzed and discussed. This program seems to be well suitable to a computer-assisted teaching (CAT) of cytology. It supplements effectively the traditional methods.

Bayes Theorem↗

PubMedDate not supplied

A computer program for linear nonparametric and parametric identification of biological data.

A computer program package for parametric ad nonparametric linear system identification of both static and dynamic biological data, written for an LSI-11 minicomputer with 28 K of memory, is described. The program has 11 possible commands including an instructional help command. A user can perform nonparametric spectral analysis and estimation of autocorrelation and partial autocorrelation functions of univariate data and estimate nonparametrically the transfer function and possibly an associated noise series of bivariate data. In addition, the commands provide the user the means to derive a parametric autoregressive moving average model for univariate data, to derive a parametric transfer function and noise model for bivariate data, and to perform several model evaluation tests such as pole-zero cancellation, examination of residual whiteness and uncorrelatedness with the input. The program, consisting of a main program and driver subroutine as well as six overlay segments, may be run interactively or automatically.

Computers↗

PubMedDate not supplied

[A computer program for the interpretation of the acid-base status and respiratory gases].

A computer program for analysing the parameters of the acid-base status and respiratory gases has been designed. The program separates cases which are included into classical picture of certain respiratory, metabolic and mixed disorders. Out of a test series of 200 findings, 93% findings have been accurately interpreted. The program is written in BASIC, translated into machine code and occupies about 25 Kbyte computer memory. The main parts of the program use commands which do not favorize any version of BASIC increasing the program portability to other systems. The classification of respiratory gases and acid-base status was based on the already known facts.

Acid-Base Equilibrium↗

PubMedDate not supplied

BASIC computer program to summarize data using nonparametric and parametric statistics including Anderson-Darling test for normality.

Tools for calculating Gaussian parametric statistics are widely available in hand-held calculators and program packages for desktop as well as mainframe computers. The standard deviation calculated from non-Gaussian data may, however, be meaningless or even absurd. Furthermore, the standard error of the mean is frequently used as a descriptive statistic even if it really does not describe the variation in the observations themselves. However, comprehensive tools for calculating nonparametric descriptive statistics and judging whether observations have a Gaussian distribution are hard to come by. The present paper attempts to provide the essential statistical reasoning behind the calculation of descriptive statistics and introduces a computer program written in Microsoft BASIC that applies the methods described in the text.

Mathematical Computing↗