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PubMed1991

Teaching memorized spelling with a microcomputer: time delay and computer-assisted instruction.

A computer-assisted instruction program was evaluated that used a constant time-delay procedure to teach 5 students 18 spelling words. In addition to delivering the instructional procedure, the program managed the presentation of training content based on individual student responding and collected instructional data on individual student performance. The procedure was effective at teaching 4 of the 5 students the words, and generalization occurred from the computer-delivered keyboard response format to a teacher-delivered hand-written response format. Maintenance data varied among the students. The study demonstrated the feasibility of using microcomputers to deliver time-delay instruction in special education classrooms and suggested several research questions related to specific features of microcomputer-delivered time-delay instruction.

Achievement↗

PubMed1990

A microcomputer-assisted study of nabumetone and slow release diclofenac in osteoarthritis.

20 UK general-practice centres entered 243 patients into a 6-week double-blind, double-dummy, randomised, parallel-group trial designed to compare nabumetone 1 g at night with slow release diclofenac 100mg at night in the treatment of osteoarthritis. Seven efficacy parameters were measured, adverse events were recorded and laboratory monitoring was performed. The study monitor entered trial data into a portable laptop microcomputer at the participating centres. Both treatment groups showed highly significant clinical improvements at the end of the 6-week study period and there were no significant inter-group differences. Overall, the incidence of adverse events was similar in the 2 groups, but significantly fewer patients in the nabumetone group (n = 21) than in the diclofenac group (n = 35) complained of gastrointestinal adverse events (p = 0.03). On-site use of the microcomputer contributed to increased monitoring efficiency and trialist motivation, resulting in rapid recruitment of patients, collection of high quality data and speedy analysis at the end of the study.

Adult↗

PubMed1986

Microcomputer patient database management system for an MRI facility.

A management system for a magnetic resonance imaging facility was developed to store pertinent patient data and to maintain a teaching file. The system was developed on a Digital PRO-350 microcomputer using a commercially available database software package. The cost of the system was about $7000. The patient data are entered at a terminal by a clerk typist. Input data are condensed or abbreviated to accommodate the limited data storage on the microcomputer. Cases can be rapidly retrieved and sorted on the basis of any of the 42 data fields available or any combination of these fields. The system has been successfully used for 18 months to create directories for a teaching file, for presentations, and for clinical research. Census-type data can be compiled, and the system can be used for word processing.

Computers↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Profiling self-monitored blood glucose results with the personal microcomputer.

Personal microcomputers are becoming available to millions of individuals. Inevitably this new technology will be applied in a variety of ways to the routine management of diabetes. In this article we present the results of a pilot effort which shows that large cumbersome sets of blood glucose data, obtained by conventional self-monitoring techniques, can be stored, analyzed, and displayed conveniently with a home microcomputer. This technique has potential value for the identification of long-term trends in blood glucose regulation.

Adult↗

PubMed1991

A comprehensive microcomputer network program for histopathology.

For a small hospital with a limited budget, a stand-alone histopathology microcomputer network may be more valuable to the pathologist than one running off the hospital's main computer. In return for sacrificing the limited benefit of screen reading of pathology reports in the wards, one receives the great advantage of more rapid retrieval of disease data. Commercial relational database programs for microcomputers can now achieve nearly all the power of a minicomputer program, with more versatility. Using an application developed on such software, we now have 30,000 pathology reports entered, from which we can retrieve a list of pathology numbers, with patients' names, age, sex, disease, and site, for any diagnosis in 3-5 seconds. The application includes full biopsy reports for doctors and wards, autopsy final diagnoses, computer-assisted Snomed coding, outside consultations, literature abstracts, daybook printing, workload statistics and billing codes and charges, and a cytology module has been added for another hospital. Moreover, the interested pathologist can easily make his own alterations to menus, entry screens, fields, and screen listing or printout formats.

Computer Communication Networks↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Microcomputer-based cardiac pacemaker-control system through blood temperature.

A microcomputer-based temperature-sensitive cardiac pacemaker system and some preliminary experiments are described. The system consists of a microcomputer, a twin 5 in floppy disk unit, expansion and interface units, a visual display unit and a printer. It senses the blood temperature in the right atrium, determines the pacing rate and supplies the heart with stimulating pulses. System-heart interfacing is performed by the separate pacing and sensing units which communicate with the computer via a peripheral interface IC in an expansion unit. The pacing rate is determined by software, rather than a combination of hardware elements. The temperature response time of the system, from 25 degrees C to 40 degrees C is about 26 s, and this would seem to be satisfactory given that smaller and slower changes in blood temperature are normal.

Animals↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Telemetry system for heart-rate and blood temperature using a microcomputer.

A radio-telemetry system using a microcomputer has been constructed to measure both the heart-rate (HR) and right atrial blood-temperature in dogs. The telemeter incorporates a thermistor temperature probe, which allows blood-temperature measurements in the range of 35 degrees-42 degrees C with an available resolution of +/- 0.02 degree C. The output of the receiver is connected to active filters, a frequency counter and an HR meter, and finally to a microcomputer, through an appropriate interface circuit, for data linearization and storage.

Animals↗

PubMedDate not supplied

A microcomputer system for analysis of coronary artery calibre and blood flow.

Measurement of myocardial blood flow and assessment of coronary calibre in man has important clinical and research value. An inexpensive microcomputer system has been developed to facilitate analysis of each of these. Coronary sinus and great cardiac vein blood flow are measured using the thermodilution technique. The output of the temperature measurement circuitry is digitized and used to calculate blood flows. For coronary artery calibre measurement, the outline of an arterial segment recorded during coronary arteriography is digitized manually. The microcomputer system provides a graphic display of the digitized artery and calculates diameters throughout its length. Excellent correlations were observed between computer and manual methods for both systems.

Computers↗

PubMedDate not supplied

A microcomputer keyboard substitute for the disabled.

A microcomputer keyboard substitute for use by the disabled is described. The system displays the characters of a standard keyboard as a matrix where each character is enunciated by an LED. The matrix of characters is scanned by two simple switches until the desired character is reached. This is then entered into the computer using one of the two switches. The system is designed for use on the BBC Model B microcomputer but is relatively easily adapted for use on other machines. It operates in parallel with the conventional keyboard and does not depend on additional system software. It does not use any of the standard computer interfaces, and the character grid can be changed to suit the needs of a particular user.

Communication Devices for People with Disabilities↗

PubMed1983

A microcomputer-based system for measuring temporal asymmetry in amputee gait.

This paper reports the development of a microcomputer-based system for measuring the temporal factors of amputee gait. The system has been designed for possible use in a standard clinical environment. It consists of a simple walkway, two photoelectric beam relays, a control unit and an APPLE II Plus microcomputer. Preliminary clinical assessment of the system has been conducted. The gait characteristics of eight amputees during their ambulation training were investigated with the use of the new system. A comparison of the results from different groups of subjects, selected primarily on level of amputation, is presented.

Aged↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Applications of a microcomputer-based reconstruction system to produce realistic three-dimensional shaded images from serial sections.

A microcomputer-based system is described that generates three-dimensional shaded images from serial section data. It is implemented on the IBM PC-AT microcomputer, using a graphics display card (Real World Graphics PC 4000) to provide sufficient colours for the production of realistically shaded and highlighted images. Image generation time is typically less than 10 min. The capabilities of the system are illustrated by reconstructions of the Kurloff cell from the guinea-pig (based on serial electron micrographs), human teeth (based on light microscope data), the human leg (from gross anatomical sections) and the human brainstem (from stereotaxic atlas data). The system is applicable to a wide variety of serial section data from histological, anatomical and medical imaging systems and ultrastructural studies.

Animals↗

PubMed1987

[Microcomputer control of a LED stimulus display device].

A visual stimulus display system controlled by a microcomputer was constructed at low cost. The system consists of a LED stimulus display device, a microcomputer, two interface boards, a pointing device (a "mouse") and two kinds of software. The first software package is written in BASIC. Its functions are: to construct stimulus patterns using the mouse, to construct letter patterns (alphabet, digit, symbols and Japanese letters--kanji, hiragana, katakana), to modify the patterns, to store the patterns on a floppy disc, to translate the patterns into integer data which are used to display the patterns in the second software. The second software package, written in BASIC and machine language, controls display of a sequence of stimulus patterns in predetermined time schedules in visual experiments.

Animals↗

PubMed1992

Development of a hospital management system to analyze nursing information using a microcomputer.

We have developed a hospital management system to analyze the large amount of the nursing information using a microcomputer system. In this system, we have combined the information from the patient database and the nursing database in order to evaluate the quality of medical care in the hospital. The utilization of a microcomputer is useful for filing and analyzing it and presenting the results in a variety of formats, including graphic representations.

Computer Graphics↗

PubMed1983

Using a microcomputer to support an I.V. admixture service.

Acquisition of a microcomputer and a high-speed printer enabled the authors' pharmacy to automate the production of I.V. additive labels. This automation freed 0.5 FTEs of pharmacy personnel time for other duties. This low-cost microcomputer and printer has proven to be sufficient equipment for the support of an I.V. admixture program with time-saving and cost-saving applications.

Computers↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Consider a microcomputer.

Although computers have proven to be effective tools in managing the administrative aspects of a medical group practice, many groups are hesitant to invest in this new technology. They are concerned about huge capital expenditures for equipment, the consequences of the implementation period, and failures that many groups are reported to have experienced in this endeavor. Microcomputers are a low-cost method through which a medical group can experiment with computerized information systems without taking the risk of total conversion from a manual to an automated system. The experience of the Sterling Heights Center in implementing a microcomputer is helpful to any group considering such a system.

Computers↗

PubMed1983

Microcomputer basics. Hardware. Part I.

Microcomputers are invading every aspect of life including the practice of pathology. This first in a series of articles is designed to help neophytes make effective use of these new tools. A list of references, intended to provide readers with more information on the subject of microcomputers and their applications to pathology, will be furnished at the conclusion of the series.

Computers↗

PubMed1983

Considering a microcomputer? Beware the problems and risks.

The use of microcomputers, although increasingly common in the clinical laboratory, is not problem- or risk-free. Some of these problems and risks are discussed in this article and suggestions for minimizing them are offered. Forewarned is forearmed. The author hopes that pointing out the risks and deficiencies of microcomputers will promote their intelligent application in the clinical laboratory.

Computers↗

PubMed1984

Microcomputer basics. Part II. Software.

Microcomputers are invading every aspect of life including the practice of pathology. This second in a series of articles is designed to help neophytes make effective use of these new tools. A list of references, providing readers with more information on the subject of microcomputers and their applications to pathology, will be furnished at the conclusion of the series.

Computers↗