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PubMed2000

Expanded analysis of injury mortality among unionized construction workers.

BACKGROUND: To evaluate the utility of expanding the number and precision of injury categories used in previous occupational mortality studies, this study reanalyzed data from four previous studies of unionized construction workers (construction laborers, ironworkers, sheet metal workers, and operating engineers), by expanding the number of injury categories from 6 to 33. METHODS: Proportionate mortality ratios (PMRs) were computed using the distribution of deaths from the National Occupational Mortality Surveillance System, a mortality surveillance system from 28 states, as a comparison. A blue collar comparison group was also used in additional analyses to adjust for socioeconomic and other factors. RESULTS: This reanalysis identified significantly elevated PMRs in at least one of the four worker groups for falls, motor vehicle crashes, machinery incidents, electrocutions, being struck by falling objects, being struck by flying objects, explosions, suffocation, and water transport incidents. Limiting the comparison population to deaths among blue collar workers did not change the results substantially. CONCLUSIONS: This study demonstrates that increasing the precision of categories of death from injury routinely used in mortality studies will provide improved information to guide prevention. Am. J. Ind. Med. 37:364-373, 2000. Published 2000 Wiley-Liss, Inc.

Accidental Falls↗
PubMed1992

[Dear midwives].

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European Union↗
PubMed1993

Asbestos screening and education programs for building and construction trades unions.

Worker notification involves informing current and past employees of their risk of disease. It also involves suggesting ways to reduce their risks. The asbestos screening and education programs designed for the building and construction trades unions were a national multisite effort that focused on improving the health of eligible union members and retirees at high risk of developing asbestos-related disease. The asbestos screening and education programs were made available to "high-risk," asbestos-exposed local union members through the efforts of a number of international unions, including the International Union of Elevator Constructors and the Laborers' International Union of North America--both affiliates of the Building and Construction Trades Department, AFL-CIO. Consultation and program assistance in developing and implementing these programs were provided by the Occupational Health Foundation, a labor-sponsored, nonprofit organization with a multidisciplinary safety and health staff. Program components included identification of "high-risk" individuals, notification of risk, education, medical screening, legal referral, and various support services. Community-based physicians and/or physician-staffed mobile testing units provided services on a contractual basis according to a standardized medical protocol. Between 1988 and 1991, 2,136 union members and retirees from 89 local unions affiliated with the Elevator Constructors or the Laborers were screened in 59 regional programs. A general description and historical perspective are offered concerning program implementation, integration into existing union infrastructures. Emphasis is placed on the role of the unions in advancing members' interests when dealing with the health and socioeconomic implications of asbestos-related disease.

Asbestos↗
PubMed1997

Organized labor and health reform: union interests and the Clinton plan.

The fringe benefits on which most Americans have come to rely for health insurance constitute a critical foundation of both the postwar regime of labor relations and the distinctive American welfare state. One legacy of these complementary regimes was a wide variety of institutional commitments and organizational arrangements in the area of health benefits. That diversity of experiences created a range of political incentives for unions when it came to health reform. Thus, when President Clinton proposed a "managed competition" approach to health reform in 1993, divisions within the labor movement contributed to the ineffectiveness of the campaign mounted by supporters of the effort. This article reviews the development of a "private-sector welfare state" in the United States, documents the range of accompanying institutional arrangements, and suggests how they may have shaped the political calculations of certain unions when faced with the Clinton White House's reform proposal.

Health Care Reform↗
PubMed2000

Physician unions: organizing women in the year 2000.

Interest in physician unions is growing, but surprisingly little has been written about whether union membership addresses the particular needs and interests of women physicians. We begin by looking at the history of physician unions in the United States and then examine physician unions today, and how labor laws influence union membership of physicians. The third section looks at why women join unions, whether these reasons hold true for women physicians, and what role women are playing in physician unions. Finally, we give examples of union responses to gender discrimination and such issues as maternity leave, salary inequities, sexual harassment, and promotions. Since women are prominent as leaders in physician unions, these unions seem to be responsive to the needs of their women members.

Female↗