PubMed Health⌕ Search

SEARCH · PubMed Health

Results for “Elimination Disorders”

Explore indexed PubMed citations for clinical trials, systematic reviews and public health research. Read source abstracts and follow each citation to its original PubMed record.

Quote a phrase for an exact phrase match. Source license links do not imply unrestricted reuse.

At least 325 records · Page 18Linked to original sources
PubMed2000

Acquired reactive perforating collagenosis in a diabetic patient with pulmonary aspergillosis.

Reactive perforating collagenosis (RPC) is a rare disorder characterized by transepidermal elimination of altered collagen. The acquired form of RPC manifests in adult life and is accompanied by general pruritus and scratching. Diabetes mellitus and end-stage renal disease are frequently associated with RPC. We describe a case of RPC developing after pulmonary aspergillosis in a 54-year-old man with long-standing insulin-dependent diabetes and discuss possible etiologic relations.

Aspergillosis, Allergic Bronchopulmonary↗
PubMed2001

The perilous effects of racism on blacks.

This paper focuses on understanding the perilous effects of interpersonal and institutional racism on the psychological and physiological well-being of Blacks. Interpersonal racism refers to prejudice and discriminatory behaviors directed toward individuals because of their race or ethnicity, and institutional racism refers to formal and informal policies and practices that deny equitable treatment to individuals because of their race or ethnic group affiliation. Racism can psychologically affect Blacks by allowing society to deny their value as individuals, and by compelling them to internalize the racist conceptions of them held by their oppressors. Racist stressors may also lead to increased physiological reactivity which, when sustained for a period of time, can lead to cardiovascular disorders and diseases. To eliminate the effects of racism, it is imperative that further research seek better ways to shield Blacks from these menacing stressors.

Adaptation, Psychological↗
PubMed2001

Benefits of sustained moderate weight loss in obesity.

Over the last few years, weight loss has been recognised as a key factor in the control and prevention of coronary heart disease, hypertension, type 2 diabetes, hyperlipidaemia, cardiorespiratory failure and other chronic degenerative diseases. It has been shown that even a modest loss of 5% of initial body weight can reduce, eliminate or prevent these disorders in a large proportion of overweight patients. The early benefits of weight loss can be explained by the direct effects of a low calorie diet, but the long-term effects can only partially be attributed to diet, physical exercise or behavioural modifications. Long-term studies have shown that a sustained moderate weight loss of 10% improves glycemic control as a result of reduced insulin resistance, the better control or prevention of hypertension, increased HDL-and decreased LDL-cholesterol and VLDL triglycerides, improved diastolic function and the propagation of a cardiac stimulus that reduces the risk of ventricular arrhythmias. The health benefits of modest weight loss are particularly evident and useful when excess body fat is a major health hazard, as in the case of class III obesity (BMI > 40 kg/m2), which is often characterised by prevalent visceral fat accumulation. Baseline serum glucose, cholesterol, triglyceride, uric acid and blood pressure levels are usually higher in the upper body than is the case in peripheral obesity, and tend to decrease more in response to moderate weight loss. A therapeutic programme aimed at obtaining a gradual and moderate weight loss avoids the complications due to the rapid weight loss associated with inappropriate, unbalanced diets or even more harmful treatments. These complications include cholelithiasis and the subsequent risk of cholecystitis, lean body mass loss and a stable decrease in energy expenditure with a high probability of regaining weight (weight cycling syndrome). In conclusion, a large number of obese patients may be sensitive to a modest weight loss even without the achievement of ideal body weight. Sustained moderate weight loss by itself is definitely beneficial in obesity (especially "malignant" and "morbid" obesity), but also in diabetes, hypertension, hyperlipidaemia, cardiorespiratory diseases and other chronic degenerative diseases associated with any degree of excess body fat.

Cholelithiasis↗
PubMed1989

[Ethics in psychotherapy].

After introducing the terms "morality" and "ethics" as defined by Patzig, the discussion focuses on applying to the practicing of psychotherapy the guidelines for ethics in medicine formulated by Beauchamp and Childress, i.e. respect of the autonomy of the patient, the doctor's duty to prevent injury, the obligation to give assistance and the principle of fairness. In particular, it is pointed out that to hale respect for the autonomy of the patient, a thorough and patient inquiry concerning diagnosis, indication and therapy is necessary in order for the patient to develop intrinsic motivation based on insight into his condition and evaluation of the prognosis. In connection with the discussion of the nil nocere, reference is made to the therapist's duty to take a patient's various limits of tolerance into account. Emphasis is also placed on the psychotherapist's duty to "service" his own psychic apparatus with the help of continued education and in-service training, supervision and self-analysis. Applied to psychotherapy, the obligation to give assistance means encouraging the patient to go in the direction of greater autonomy which means the reduction of helplessness. In psychotherapy, problems of distributing resources fairly may be manifested in unjustifiably long waiting lists or in the form of patient selection carried out in a way that is not justifiable on medical grounds but based rather on a tendency to eliminate certain groups of disorders by using contra-indications that are basically rationalizations of countertransference reactions and which are not in keeping with the professional and personal identity of therapists.

Ethics, Medical↗
PubMed1985

[Prevention of sterility].

An overview is given about possibly preventable causes of infertility. The best chances for prevention are in tubal sterility and ectopic pregnancy. Methods of "primary prevention" are reduction of STD by health education and epidemiologic actions, by reduction and improvement of intrauterine operations in young women. The most important methods in "secondary prevention" are early and optimal treatment of PID and organ preservation in ectopic pregnancy. The difficulties in prophylaxis of endocrine infertility are discussed. For prevention of male infertility some procedures are necessary: Prevention resp. optimal treatment of genital infections, early treatment of development disorders and varicocele and elimination of chemical and physical noxes on male fertility.

Female↗
PubMed1994

Endoscopic surgery in orthopaedics.

Arthroscopy and operative arthroscopy of the knee joint is today the most common orthopaedic procedure. However, some fifteen years ago it was almost unknown and used only by a small group of enthusiasts. With progress in the development of arthroscopic equipment, it is possible to examine all of the major joints, such as the wrist, ankle, elbow and shoulder, and therapeutic procedures can be undertaken to correct pathological findings in all of these joints. The advantages of endoscopic joint surgery are indisputable, with short rehabilitation periods, precise surgery, short hospital stays and lower costs mentioned being of primary importance. The technique, however, is difficult to learn and should be taught individually and step by step by experienced endoscopists. With the development of refined technology and better endoscopic equipment the need for open arthrotomy in the treatment of joint disorders has virtually been eliminated.

Arthroscopes↗
PubMed1976

[Syndrome of sino-atrial node asthenia].

Under observation were kept 80 patients with signs pointing to the sick sinus syndrome. Most of them suffered from ischemic heart disease, from atherosclerotic cardiosclerosis and acute myocardial infarction. Persistent sinus bradycardia with active and passive heterotopic arrhythmias were recorded in 42 patients. Sino-auricular block of the II and III degrees or asystolia of the atria with ectopic arrhythmias were observed in 37 cases. A number of patients displayed fibrillary bradyarrhythmia, extrasystole with post-extrasystolic depression of the rhythm and other disturbances. The so-called tachycardia-bradycardia syndrome characterized by the presence of tachycardiac arrhythmias occurring against the background of a marked bradycardia was registered in 25 persons. Fifteen patients demonstrated attackes of the Morgagni-Adams-Stokes syndrome, usually associated with lengthy periods of cardiac asystole. The treatment of ectopic arrhythmias in patients with the sick sinus syndrome presents considerable difficulties, but in many of them these disorders could be successfully eliminated by a careful and rigidly controlled application of antiarrhythmic agents (isoptin, ajmalin, pulsnorma, rhythmodan, beta-adrenergical blocking agents). For some patients exhibiting a tendency toward asystole electric stimulation of the heart is indicated.

Aged↗
PubMed1994

[Biotechnology in veterinary medicine and animal production].

The rapid development of modern biotechnology has introduced a new dimension to veterinary medicine and animal breeding. Genome analysis of important breeding species will ultimately allow to detect and consequently to eliminate any possible genetic disorder. Moreover, infectious diseases may also be detected easier and more reliable. The production of transgenic livestock opens the possibility to generate animals with improved health and productivity without time consuming breeding programmes. In the following review I will focus on the description of recent developments in the application of molecular biological techniques in veterinary medicine and animal production. Special emphasis will be given to the physiological consequences of transgene expression rather than the techniques for the production of transgenic animals.

Animal Husbandry↗
PubMed1997

[Comparative study of the results of prosthesis implantation and reconstructive surgery of the mitral valve in congenital insufficiency].

In 23 of 154 patients with congenital mitral valve (MV) insufficiency the MV prosthetics was conducted, and in 23-valve-preserving reconstructive operation. Operative procedures were depicted, early and late follow-up results were analyzed. After the valve-preserving operation conduction hospital lethality was 8.7%, and after the (MV) prosthetics-34.8%. In the late follow-up period after (MV) plastic reconstruction conduction good results were noted in 17 patients, satisfactory-in 1, reoperation was performed in 3 (13%). Application of soft synthetic ring, preventing the dilation of the valve fibrotic ring, may to lower the frequency of reoperation conduction. Plastic correction of the CMVI permits to eliminate the basic haemodynamical disorders and to avoid or postpone the MV prosthetics conduction, what especially important in children.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Significance of arterial circulation disorders for the planning of hip prosthesis interventions].

Between 1980 and 1990 a total of 17 patients who had undergone or had been selected for total hip replacement were treated in the Department of Surgery at Münster University. Angiographic studies performed because of persistent symptoms revealed circulatory disorders of the pelvic floor. Vascular surgery was necessary to eliminate symptoms in these patients. Postoperative complications in 3 patients following total hip replacement were also only eliminated by vascular surgery. In the present authors' view, failure to recognize preoperatively existing arterial circulation disorders can lead to misdiagnosis and severe postoperative complications. Every hip replacement operation should be preceded by a thorough clinical and--if doubt persists--an angiological examination. Documented arterial circulation disorders should be eliminated by vascular surgery prior to hip surgery.

Aortography↗
PubMed1994

Neurologic diseases of llamas.

Supportive care, including physical therapy, is the key to successful treatment of neurologic disorders in llamas. Be sure to eliminate the possibility of myopathies, especially heat stress, metabolic, skeletal, neuromuscular, or other disorders. Prevention of secondary pressure sores can be challenging. Keep the patient comfortable and well fed. A happy patient is more likely to recover!

Animals↗
PubMed1993

Descriptive analysis of critical care units in the United States: patient characteristics and intensive care unit utilization.

OBJECTIVE: To gather data about occupancy, admission characteristics, patients' ages, and types of therapy utilized in ICUs in the United States. DESIGN AND SETTING: Survey instruments were mailed to the administrators of 4,233 hospitals to gather information from the medical director of the institutions' respective ICUs for the purpose of developing a database on ICUs in the United States. The sampling frame for this study was based on all American Hospital Association (AHA) hospitals stating they had ICUs. MEASUREMENTS: Census questionnaires solicited information on occupancy, where the patients were admitted from, length of stay, therapies rendered, intensive care diagnoses, and resuscitation status, as well as other information. MAIN RESULTS: Data were obtained regarding 32,850 ICU beds, with 25,871 patients from 2,876 separate ICUs in 1,706 hospitals in the United States. The census response rate was 40% of the AHA hospitals that stated they had ICUs, with specific ICU data on 38.7% of the nation's ICUs. Overall, the responding units reported a mean occupancy rate of 84% of total bed capacity and 87% of available beds. As hospital size increased, so did ICU occupancy. Nearly 17% of all of the critical care patients had been in the units for > 14 days. More precisely, 49% of all responding units indicated that they had one or more "chronic" (> 14-day length of stay) patients. Most patients were admitted to the units from the emergency room (38%), operating room/postanesthesia care unit (22%), and the general hospital floor (16%). Neonatal units were exceptions to this observation, where most patients came from the delivery room (60%). Admission from other hospitals represented a significantly larger group of patients in the cardiac care, pediatric, and neonatal units. Respondents indicated that many of their current patients were elderly, with 43% of these patients aged 65 to 84 yrs and with 4% being > or = 85 yrs of age. The 47% of patients > or = 65 yrs of age increased to 58% when the neonatal and pediatric units were eliminated from the analyses. For all units responding to the survey, the leading primary admitting intensive care diagnoses were postoperative management, ischemic heart disorder, respiratory insufficiency/failure, and prematurity. Elimination of units predominantly treating children (pediatric and neonatal) from the analysis left "adult" units with three primary admitting diagnoses: ischemic heart disease, postoperative management, and respiratory insufficiency/failure with variation according to specific unit type. The leading diagnoses in pediatric units were respiratory insufficiency/failure, postoperative management, and congenital abnormalities. For neonatal units, prematurity was the primary admitting diagnosis, accounting for 59% of these units' patients. Respondents reported 5.3 +/- 10.9% of patients had received cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) before admission into the critical care unit. Only 6.0 +/- 11.9% of patients in these critical care units had instructions that CPR not be performed while in the unit. CONCLUSIONS: This report should be viewed as the beginning step of an effort to improve both the information base available on critical care medicine and the performance of ICUs. Our survey findings provide an introduction into the everyday workings of critical care units throughout the United States. Research is required to determine which patients will benefit from intensive care and how to efficiently utilize the vast technology we have available for them in a world with limited financial resources, an aging population, and a multiplicity of societal and ethical concerns.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2006

The Texas Children's Medication Algorithm Project: revision of the algorithm for pharmacotherapy of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder.

OBJECTIVE: In 1998, the Texas Department of Mental Health and Mental Retardation developed algorithms for medication treatment of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Advances in the psychopharmacology of ADHD and results of a feasibility study of algorithm use in community mental health centers caused the algorithm to be modified and updated. METHOD: We convened a consensus conference of academic clinicians and researchers, practicing clinicians, administrators, consumers, and families to revise the algorithms for the pharmacotherapy of ADHD itself as well as ADHD with specific comorbid disorders. New research was reviewed by national experts, and rationales were provided for proposed changes and additions to the algorithms. The changes to the algorithms were discussed and approved both by the national experts and experienced clinicians from the Texas public mental health system. RESULTS: The panel developed consensually agreed-upon algorithms for ADHD with and without comorbid disorders. The major changes included elimination of pemoline as a treatment option, adding atomoxetine to the algorithm, and refining guidelines for treating ADHD with comorbid depression, aggressive behaviors, and tic disorders. CONCLUSIONS: Medication algorithms for ADHD can be modified to keep abreast of developments in the field. Although these evidence- and consensus-based treatment recommendations may be a useful approach to guide the treatment of ADHD in children, additional research is needed to determine how these algorithms can be used to maximally benefit child outcomes.

Adrenergic Uptake Inhibitors↗
PubMed2006

[Development of renal affection in obese patients].

AIM: To characterize mechanisms, early markers and clinical signs of renal damage in obesity. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The trial covered 29 males aged under 50 years (mean age 37.7+/-9.3 years) with abdominal obesity having neither carbohydrate metabolism disturbances nor chronic renal disease. All the patients were examined for microalbuminuria (MAU), serum level of leptin. Radionuclide scintigraphy of the kidneys with an acute captopril test, tests for serum concentrations of endothelin-1, homocistein, uric acid, ultrasound dopplerography of the brachial artery for assessment of endothelium-related vasodilation (ERVD) were made in 24 patients. In 9 patients MAU and ERVD were estimated after 3 months of valsartan treatment (80 mg/day). RESULTS: MAU was detected in 62% patients, its rate increasing with elevation of serum leptin and endothelin concentration. Under normal values of creatininemia and GFR, obese patients showed deletion of renal functional reserve (RFR). Patients with low RFR had maximal uricemia and homocysteinemia, serum endothelin-1. Such patients demonstrated also abnormal ERVD. 3-month valsartan intake led to elevation of ERVD and disappearance of MAU. CONCLUSION: Excessive leptin registered in obese patients provoked dysfunction of the endothelium of the intrarenal vessels manifesting with MAU, growth of endothelin-1 serum concentration and disorder of ERVD. This leads to unfavourable changes in filtrating function of the kidneys as seen from gradual deletion of RFR in the absence of hypercreatininemia. Elimination of MAU and ERVD disorders in obesity can be achieved by administration of angiotensin II receptor blockers.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[The place of epiphyseal-adrenocortical relations in the corrective regulation of behavior].

In the norm between epiphysis and adrenal cortex the unstable functional relations are established. During pathologic enhancement of adrenocortical activity, that causes the stress and psychic depression-related disorders in an emotional sphere, the epiphysial effects assume a stable restrained character. The major epiphysial hormone, melatonin, under pathology starts limiting the secretion of glucocorticoids eliminating in addition the behavioral disorders.

Adrenal Cortex↗