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31 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1983

New packaging specifications prompt OC shelf life study.

when a major donor of contraceptives changed the packaging specifications of norethindrone/mestranol oral contraceptives (OCs), the change raised some questions as to product shelf life. The new specifications called for the OCs to be packaged in bulk with 100 blister packs/aluminum/plastic overpack. These revised packaging specifications would lead to removal of the blister pack from the protective overpack at an earlier point in the supply chain, and therefore to earlier potential exposure to high temperatures and humidity. However, stability trials conducted by Kabalikat ng Pamilyang Pilipino in Manila have shown no significant deterioration in norethindrone or mestranol content, content uniformity, tablet hardness, disintegration time or blister pack integrity after blister packs without the protective overpack were exposed for 6 months to high humidity and temperatures as high as 60 degrees Celsius. Stability for longer than 6 months remains speculative and should be tested in actual field conditions. Within the limits of the study, however, these results suggest that OCs remain stable with or without the aluminum overpack.

Contraception↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Family planning in Jordan: 1983 survey data.

Data from the 1983 fertility survey in Jordan indicate that 26 percent of married women were using contraceptives, reflecting a very small relative increase in use in the seven years before the survey. Only 5 percent of nonusers stated that they desired to use a method. Other data from the same survey suggest a potential demand for contraception, for spacing as well as limiting births, among those not using. For example, many recent pregnancies were reported to be unplanned. Also, among nonusers who did not desire to use a method, many stated they did not desire to become pregnant, yet were exposed to the risk of pregnancy. A pool of potential users exists who can be considered in need of contraception (i.e., fecund, not pregnant or desiring pregnancy, and not using contraceptives)--20 percent of all currently married, childbearing-age women--who may become contraceptive users as attitudes toward contraception change.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1981

The effect of oral contraceptives on serum lipids gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase, and excretion of d-glucaric acid.

The authors studied three oral contraceptives (Bisecurin, Ovidon, Rigevidon) in 37 healthy women in order to establish their effect on serum lipids, gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase and d-glucaric acid excretion. After 3-9 months of oral contraception, a significant increase was observed in serum cholesterol and beta-lipoprotein levels in women taking the two contraceptives with major hormone content. None of the contraceptives changed the serum glyceride level. Serum gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase levels were significantly enhanced. D-glucaric acid excretion increased. There was no correlation between the parameters of enzyme induction and the change of lipid metabolism.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1993

[Microcapillary hemangioma].

A cutaneous microcapillary hemangioma was discovered in a young woman 4 months after a change of oral contraceptives. This recently individualized benign tumor is made of well differentiated capillaries without cellular atypias, located in the reticular dermis. It arises in a few weeks in young subjects, sometimes after contraceptive change or during pregnancy. Sexual hormonal imbalance may explain some cases. The histological appearance of microcapillary hemangioma is remindful of microvenular hemangioma, more recently described, which also arises in a short time in young patients.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

[Trends and correlates of fertility decline in the NIES].

"Trends and correlates of dramatic fertility declines in the NIES [newly industrialized economies of Asia] from the 1960s to the 1980s are examined in this paper. Specifically, we first look at changes in the fertility effects of such demographic factors as age structure of fertility, age pattern of marriage, and marital fertility. Next, as major proximate determinants of fertility, we examine changes in contraception and induced abortion. We then examine the fertility effects of changes in infant mortality and family planning programs. Finally, by examining changes in such socioeconomic factors as educational attainment and female labor force participation as well as attitudinal changes toward marriage and the family, we seek to infer their effects on fertility declines in the NIES." The data primarily concern Hong Kong, the Republic of Korea, Singapore, and Taiwan. (SUMMARY IN ENG)

Abortion, Induced↗
PubMed1991

Trends in the contraceptive practices of women seeking abortions in the 1980s.

The demographic features and contraceptive practices of 1000 women attending Parkview clinic of Wellington Hospital for termination of pregnancy were studied over an eight month period in 1988-9. Comparisons were made with a previous study at the same clinic in 1980-1. The overall abortion rate has increased from 6.8/1000 women in the Wellington statistical area in 1981 to 9.8 in 1989. The proportion of Pacific Island and Asian women presenting for abortions is high and has increased disproportionately between 1981 and 1989. The abortion rate has also increased in lower socioeconomic groups in 1989. The proportion of women using contraception at the time of conception increased from 50% in 1981 to 68.5% in 1989. The methods used by women presenting for abortion have changed significantly. There has been an increase in the proportion of women using condoms (from 13.3% to 36.2%) and the oral contraceptive pill from (14% to 21.4%).

Abortion Applicants↗
PubMed1990

Modern trends in contraception.

Substantial improvements have been made in oral contraceptives, a new injectable contraceptive (Norplant), and the intrauterine device (IUD). Major risks with oral contraceptives have declined substantially, and a number of noncontraceptive health benefits have been discovered. Norplant is probably the first new contraceptive in recent years, and offers long-term contraception with high efficacy and modest risks. The IUD, by carefully selecting users, is a safe and efficacious contraceptive method. The major risk, pelvic inflammatory disease (PID), is far less common if one avoids use in the presence of risk factors for PID.

Contraceptive Agents, Female↗
PubMed1988

Haemostasis and oral contraceptives.

Selected hemostasis parameters were assayed in 131 women ingesting different kinds of oral contraceptives and 36 control women. No differences were noted in the plasma levels of fibrinogen, antithrombin III, prekallikrein, alpha 2 antiplasmin, fibrinopeptide A, platelet factor 4 and beta-thromboglobulin. Protein C and plasminogen levels were significantly higher in pill users (p less than 0.001, p less than 0.01) and fibronectin levels were lower (p less than 0.05). Canonical correlation, performed between clinical parameters and hemostasis data, revealed a negative correlation between antithrombin III levels and family history for thromboembolic diseases. A positive correlation was noted between fibrinogen and fibronectin levels in obese OC users. The data suggest that women taking OCs are not in a state of "hypercoagulability."

Adult↗
PubMed1984

The Oxford-Family Planning Association contraceptive study.

The Oxford-Family Planning Association contraceptive study involves over 17 000 women who were recruited at 17 clinics in England and Scotland during the interval 1968-74 and have been followed up ever since. This paper describes the survey methods, the characteristics of the participants, the progress of the study, the main results and publications to date, and the proposals for future work. Although the study was originally mainly concerned with the benefits and risks of oral contraceptives it has, in fact, contributed to knowledge about a wide variety of birth control methods. The data on efficacy are of special value in that they cover all methods of contraception in common use and have been derived from a homogeneous and closely observed population. The mortality figures, while limited in extent, have supplemented the findings in the Royal College of General Practitioners study. Reports on morbidity from many different diseases have been published; these have documented both beneficial and harmful effects of various contraceptive methods. The study data on return of fertility after discontinuation of contraception are unique, while contributions have also been made to knowledge about outcome of pregnancy in those stopping contraception to have a planned baby or becoming accidentally pregnant while using a birth control method. The study, which is supported by the Medical Research Council, is currently funded until mid-1989.

Adult↗