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PubMed1979

Fatal acute bacterial myocarditis after dentoalveolar abscess.

A 19 year old woman presented with chest pain after a dental extraction for a dentoalveolar abscess. Electrocardiographic and serum isoenzyme changes were consistent with acute anterior myocardial infarction. At autopsy bacteria were demonstrated, within the myocardium in the absence of a myocardial abscess or endocarditis. This case illustrates the occurrence of isolated acute bacterial myocarditis after a dental extraction.

Adult↗
PubMed1977

Corynebacterium pyogenes mastitis among heifer calves.

In August 1975 an outbreak of C pyogenes mastitis occurred involving 18 heifer calves at the National Institute for Research in Dairying. This paper describes the outbreak which affected animals varying in age from five to 22 months. Fourteen of the cases (77%) were among calves less than 10 months old. The advisability of using fly control measures among young stock in the summer months is discussed.

Animals↗
PubMed2025

Clinical and Microbiological Insights into Caseous Lymphadenitis in Sheep and Goats in Khorasan Razavi, Iran.

INTRODUCTION: Caseous lymphadenitis (CLA), a chronic bacterial disease caused by Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis, significantly impacts small-ruminant health and productivity worldwide, causing economic losses through reduced wool and milk yields, reproductive issues, and carcass condemnation. Despite its importance, CLA prevalence and microbial dynamics remain under explored in Iran, where small ruminants are vital to rural economies. This study assessed the prevalence, clinical manifestations, and bacteriological profile of CLA in Khorasan Razavi Province, northeast Iran, to inform regional control strategies and address potential zoonotic risks. MATERIALS & METHODS: We examined 15 flocks totaling 4,733 animals (4,640 sheep, 93 goats) through clinical inspections and microbiological analysis of pus samples from affected lymph nodes. RESULTS: The results revealed a lymphadenitis prevalence of 11.59% (95% CI, 10.58%, 12.66%), with 8.62% of sheep (400/4640) and 8.60% of goats (8/93) affected, varying across flocks from 0% to 28.57%. Submandibular lymph nodes were most commonly affected (51.35%), followed by retropharyngeal (18.02%) and parotid (15.32%) nodes, with peak incidence in the 2-3-year age group (38.24%), likely linked to shearing practices. Bacteriological analysis of 102 pus samples identified C. pseudotuberculosis in 19.6% (20/102) of cases, characterized by small, dry, white colonies with β-hemolysis on Columbia blood agar. A diverse microbial profile included Actinobacillus spp. (7.8%), Trueperella pyogenes (3.9%), and novel isolates like Acinetobacter spp. and Yersinia spp. (1.0% each), with 43.14% of samples sterile, suggesting chronicity or sampling challenges. CONCLUSION: These findings indicate CLA etiology is complex, extending beyond a single pathogen and influenced by local husbandry practices. The study underscores CLA's economic burden and zoonotic potential, given rare but documented human cases. Integrated control measures-enhanced molecular diagnostics, recombinant phospholipase D (PLD) vaccine trials, and improved biosecurity-are urgently needed. Future research should prioritize genomic strain typing and environmental reservoir analysis to refine CLA management in Northeast Iran, offering insights applicable to similar agroecosystems globally.

Animals↗
PubMed1975

Canine granulocytopathy syndrome: neutrophil dysfunction in a dog with recurrent infections.

A male Irish Setter dog had a clinical history of recurrent life-threatening bacterial infections, with associated periods of pyrexia and severe neutrophilia. Examination of a mandibular lymph node biopsy made when the patient was 10 weeks old revealed subacute diffuse suppurative lymphadenitis with reticuloendothelial hyperplasia. Circulating leukocytes isolated from the dog when it was 5 months old had a marked bactericidal defect when compared with cells from clinically normal dogs of the same age. The clinical syndrome in the affected patient resembled that observed in the granulocytopathies described in man and other animals.

Animals↗
PubMed1977

[Newer veterinary neuropathological conditions in South Africa (author's transl)].

A brief review is given of some of the more recent findings on lesions of diseases affecting the central nervous system of animals. These include local diseases caused by poisonous plants; Helichrysum argyrosphaerum, Solanum kwebense, Matricaria nigellaefolia; infectious diseases e.g. heartwater, cerebral babesiosis and cranial abscesses in goats caused by Corynebacterium pyogenes. Reference is also made to some conditions, originally described in overseas countries and which subsequently have been diagnosed in South Africa. Original findings on lesions seen in mycotoxicoses caused by Fusarium moniliforme and Aspergillus clavatus are included.

Animals↗
PubMed1977

[Laboratory studies of the urine in suppurative surgical infection in cattle].

One hundred and eight cattle (20 controls, 14 with an experimentally induced and 74 with spontaneously occurred suppurative surgery infection) were studied in terms of their general condition and some of the urine indices--pH, specific weight, proteins, urobillinogen, acetone, sugar, blood, urea and sediment. It was established that when the general status deteriorated and death occurred the urine pH value rose (by 1--1.5), and the specific weight was 0.005--0.010 higher, while the level of urina urea dropped by 0.5--0.6 g%. In 89 per cent of the investigated animals there were 0.1 per percent proteins, and the sediment consisted of 20--30 erythrocytes, from sporadic to 10-12 leucocytes, and from single to 5--6 kidney epithelium cells per field. In 38.8 per cent of the cattle affected with suppurative processes there were tripelphosphates in the sediment. Urobillinogen was found in 63.6 per cent of the cases. Suppurative infections caused by Corynebacterium pyogenes are accompanied by greater changes in the sediment. In almost all of the recovered animals the urine indices came back to normal.

Animals↗
PubMed1978

Enhanced resistance against Junin virus infection induced by Corynebacterium parvum.

The effects of intraperitoneal administration of Corynebacterium parvum on the course of Junin virus infection in mice were investigated. This treatment produced enhanced resistance to the virus infection, evidenced by an increase in both survival times and the proportion of survivors. The protective effect was dependent upon the dose of C. parvum, and 280 mug/g of body weight was found to be the optimal dose. In various experiments, about 80% of the infected animals receiving this dose survived, whereas survival ranged between 0 and 20% among untreated infected mice. Maximal protection was afforded by C. parvum when administered simultaneously with the virus. A smaller but significant degree of resistance was induced by C. parvum given 3 or 6 days after infection. C. parvum injected before infection was ineffective. Viral titers measured in the brains of C. parvum-treated and untreated mice at various times after infection were found to be comparable. In addition, there were no significant differences between circulating-antibody titers measured either by neutralization tests or by complement fixation. Depression of the reticuloendothelial system by treatment with silica particles also resulted in enhanced resistance to Junin virus infection, suggesting that the protective effect of C. parvum is not likely to be due merely to its capacity to stimulate macrophages. The present data, highlighting that the presence of high titers of Junin virus and disease do not necessarily correlated, suggest that in mice this disease is not the consequence of cell damage caused directly by the virus but of a still undefined indirect mechanism induced by the virus, not necessarily mediated by macrophages.

Animals↗