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Results for “Desensitization, Psychologic”

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PubMed1976

[Behavior therapy and sex therapy].

The author attempts to situate sextherapy of Masters and Johnson in relation to behaviour therapy in indicating the principles elaborated by old behaviour therapy and its most recent developments which are at the origin of sextherapy. He also considers the problem of indications and complementary relation which can be comprehended between these approaches and the psychoanalytical approach.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

Psychological differences noted in aircrewmembers undergoing systematic desensitization and their subsequent functioning.

This study presents the results of a 3-year follow-up of patients treated for flight anxiety via relaxation/desensitization. Noted differences between successfully and unsuccessfully treated patients are discussed as well as the long-range effectiveness of relaxation/desensitization. Significant differences were noted on MMPI (Minnesota Multiphase Personality Inventory) scale elevations and major presenting symptoms. There was a significant relationship between specific MMPI profiles and failure to successfully treat flight anxiety. Individuals most likely to benefit from therapy were those subjects who exhibited normal MMPI profiles and manifested airsickness as their major presenting symptom.

Aerospace Medicine↗
PubMed1988

The use of biofeedback in a behavioral program designed to teach an anxious child self-catheterization.

This paper presents a case study of a 7-year-old girl with a noncompliant bladder who was trained to self-catheterize using biofeedback and behavior therapy techniques. Initial attempts to train her to self-catheterize were unsuccessful owing to excessive amounts of fear, muscle tension, and refusal. After seven treatment sessions in which she was instructed in proper self-catheterization technique by a urology nurse clinician and coached in biofeedback-assisted relaxation by a clinical psychologist, the child successfully learned to self-catheterize. EMG readings showed a decrease in quadriceps muscle tension levels across sessions. Eight additional sessions were held in order to train the child's parents in proper technique and coaching procedures. Through the use of portable biofeedback equipment during actual training sessions, the biofeedback served as a cue--first to the child and coach, and later to the child and parents--for when the child needed to stop and relax. This case illustrates the usefulness of biofeedback in a comprehensive behavioral program designed to teach self-catheterization to fearful children.

Anxiety↗
PubMed2006

High sensitivity to multisensory conflicts in agoraphobia exhibited by virtual reality.

The primary aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of auditory feedback in a VR system planned for clinical use and to address the different factors that should be taken into account in building a bimodal virtual environment (VE). We conducted an experiment in which we assessed spatial performances in agoraphobic patients and normal subjects comparing two kinds of VEs, visual alone (Vis) and auditory-visual (AVis), during separate sessions. Subjects were equipped with a head-mounted display coupled with an electromagnetic sensor system and immersed in a virtual town. Their task was to locate different landmarks and become familiar with the town. In the AVis condition subjects were equipped with the head-mounted display and headphones, which delivered a soundscape updated in real-time according to their movement in the virtual town. While general performances remained comparable across the conditions, the reported feeling of immersion was more compelling in the AVis environment. However, patients exhibited more cybersickness symptoms in this condition. The result of this study points to the multisensory integration deficit of agoraphobic patients and underline the need for further research on multimodal VR systems for clinical use.

Adult↗
PubMed1998

A learning model of binge eating: cue reactivity and cue exposure.

In the present article, a learning model of binge eating is presented. It has been hypothesized that, parallel to drug intake, the craving and excessive food intake of binge eaters is cue controlled. Research in support of the model is reviewed and a series of predictions about clinical and non-clinical issues is derived from the model. Amongst other things, the model predicts that binge eating might be successfully treated with cue exposure and response prevention. Practical issues are discussed and preliminary pilot studies on cue exposure for bingers are reviewed.

Animals↗
PubMed1983

Behavior therapy: an overview.

The authors examine the broad field of behavior therapy, the theories underlying its development, and the techniques that are used to change behavior. They review recent developments in behavior therapy as they relate to behavioral medicine and to treatment of psychiatric disorders, and briefly describe the use of cognitive behavior therapy in the treatment of depression and other problems. They discuss methods of behavioral assessment and the application of behavior therapy in large populations, as well as new uses of behavioral techniques in business and industry, gerontology, and marital therapy.

Aversive Therapy↗