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At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1989

What the aircrew automated escape system and aircrew life support system equipment designers need from the investigating medical officer and pathologist.

A major problem apparent in many safety investigation reports concerning aviation mishaps, and especially in their component Flight Surgeon's Reports (FSRs), is the failure of the investigators to recognize needs beyond those of their immediate organizational structures and chains of command in conducting the investigation, and reporting the resultant facts and findings. If aircrew losses and serious injuries are to be reduced, other needs must also be considered and addressed. These additional needs include those of aircrew automated escape system (AAES) and aircrew life support system (ALSS) acquisition personnel who formulate, design, and test requirements, and AAES and ALSS designers and manufacturers who need to know how well and under what conditions of use their equipment is performing. Each mishap, in a sense, constitutes an extremely costly yet highly realistic test of the AAES and ALSS involved. If properly and thoroughly examined, these mishaps will yield exceptionally valuable insights into AAES and ALSS problems and successes and the reasons underlying system behavioral differences. This paper discusses a number of the AAES and ALSS community's needs which investigating medical officers should consider if the U.S. Navy is to gain from these expensive and often tragic mishaps.

Aerospace Medicine↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Equipment design for magnetic therapy and "Polus" devices].

Low-frequency magnetotherapy is among the most original therapeutical techniques since it is effective in treating most diseases and has practically no contraindications. Due to atraumaticity of a low-frequency electromagnetic field, the application of magnetotherapy is indicated in geriatric care, in particular. The VNIIMP-VITA Joint-Stock Company has developed a family of the Polyus system equipment for magnetotherapy, whereby all the well-known therapeutical procedures of low-frequency magnetotherapy can be performed. The magnetotherapeutic room equipped with Polyus-2D, Polyus-3, and Polyus-4 ensures a complete set of magneto-therapeutical exposure. The rooms are supplied by the VNIIMP-VITA Joint-Stock Company.

Aged↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Software and hardware for computer equipment designed for psychophysiological examination].

Principles of designing software and hardware for new computer equipment for psychophysiological examination were elaborated on the basis of theoretical prerequisites and of analysis of the use of equipment manufactured serially for quantitation of indices of the human higher nervous activity (HNA). The hierarchic structuring of software and hardware enabled, through unification of solutions, the development of new modifications of two equipment sets: computer-based unit "Psihomat" KPFK-99 for psychophysiological examination and computer-based unit "STABILOTEST" ST-01 for the evaluation of the central nervous system by the stability parameters in maintaining the vertical posture. The units have new improved functional features and provide the users with new computer technologies for dealing with research and practical tasks related with examination of human HNA parameters in health and pathology.

Computers↗
PubMed1993

Robust and inexpensive equipment design for polymerase chain reaction detection of sequence mutations. Cystic fibrosis in a mother and 2 children analysed.

Every polymerase chain reaction (PCR) requires use of a temperature cycler for about 3 hours. Since there are many diagnostic tests using this technology, it is important that robust but inexpensive machinery is available. Such a stand-alone machine has been designed and used to analyse an interesting family in which a mother and her 2 children were diagnosed as having cystic fibrosis.

Adult↗
PubMed2001

Streamlining patient care processes through flexible room and equipment design.

Hospitals are planning and designing new environments to accommodate a greater concentration of critically ill patients and to permit the installation of sophisticated technology required for the care of this high-acuity population. A serious nursing shortage, customer demands for privacy and personal amenities, and cost constraints pose numerous problems in planning and design processes. The flexible, acuity-adaptable room concept has been introduced as a platform for changing care processes to achieve a cost-effective care model that fosters nursing efficiency and increased customer satisfaction.

Equipment Design↗
PubMed1991

Equipment design issues for the in vivo X-ray fluorescence analysis of bone lead.

Several groups have reported the development of systems, based on the principle of X-ray fluorescence, for the in vivo measurement of bone lead concentrations. These systems have used the detection of either the characteristic L or K X-rays resulting from excitation by a suitable photon source. This paper examines design issues related to the development of these systems. These design issues are, in most instances, a result of consideration of the physical principles involved, and hence there are many features common to the systems developed by the individual groups. Design issues discussed in this paper include the selection of the site for measurement, source-sample-detector configuration, and collimation. Specific examples from published work are used to demonstrate the relevant features.

Bone and Bones↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Applying technology to operator requirements in medical equipment design.

The methodology used by the author consists of the following elements: Expose the design team to the user environment, followed by question and answer periods with users while still in the use environment. Place biomedical engineers in the leading teaching institutions where they will have day-to-day exposure to the use of products similar to the one being designed. Bring biomedical engineers back into the company as part of the design team. Expose concepts to focus groups while the product is in the definition stage. Bring a select group of users into the design review process. Evaluate the ease of use of the device as part of clinical trials. Establish a means of monitoring product performance after the product has been released. How well such a methodology will work in any particular environment is a function of management's recognition of the concept that ease of operator use is a vital element to the overall success of the product.

Biomedical Engineering↗
PubMed1997

A study of thyroid radioiodine monitoring by Monte Carlo simulations: implications for equipment design.

Monte Carlo simulations have been performed to evaluate the design of collimated detectors used to measure 125I or 131I in the thyroid gland. Two detector sizes were simulated for each radioisotope: (i) for 125I monitoring 2.54 cm diameter and 7.62 cm diameter and 0.2 cm thickness and (ii) for 131I monitoring 2.54 cm diameter, 3.2 cm thickness and 7.62 cm diameter, 6.4 cm thickness. The virtual thyroid gland was 20 g. Activity was placed in both the gland and the remainder of the body in varying amounts to assess the efficacy of collimation. The results show that the detector should be sufficiently large so that its solid angle of acceptance when placed 15 cm anterior to the skin surface will include the whole of a moderately enlarged thyroid gland. Heavy collimation to reduce the contribution of extrathyroidal radioiodine within the subject's body is not normally required. It may be of more value as a positioning device and spacer ensuring an appropriate and constant neck to detector distance than in cutting down counts from extrathyroidal activity. In specifying a sensitive detector system for monitoring intrathyroidal radioiodine, a wide angle of acceptance and sufficient detector crystal thickness take precedence over collimation and shielding.

Computer Simulation↗