PubMed Health⌕ Search

SEARCH · PubMed Health

Results for “Female Contraception”

Explore indexed PubMed citations for clinical trials, systematic reviews and public health research. Read source abstracts and follow each citation to its original PubMed record.

Quote a phrase for an exact phrase match. Source license links do not imply unrestricted reuse.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1986

Potential application of inhibin in male and female contraception.

After a review of investigations into the possible use of inhibin in the regulation of male and female fertility, briefly described and summarized in this article, the authors conclude that, at least in experimental animals, inhibin causes a significant reduction in testicular and epididymal spermatozoa in the male and luteal phase defect in the female. The precise mechanism by which inhibin brings about these effects is not known at present, and its elucidation will greatly help in the more effective use of inhibin.

Animals↗
PubMed1984

Predicting male and female contraceptive behavior: a discriminant analysis of groups high, moderate, and low in contraceptive effectiveness.

An exploratory, multivariate study was carried out to assess (a) whether three contraceptive-effectiveness groups (high, moderate, and low) could be differentiated on the basis of variables that have been theoretically and empirically associated with contraceptive behavior and (b) whether an identified set of discriminating variables could accurately classify sexually active college students into these groups. Three hundred sixty-five sexually active, never-married college students (211 males and 154 females) completed instruments measuring variables related to contraception. Four separate discriminant analyses were performed, one for each sex for both their initial sexual encounter and their current sexual interactions. Discrimination and classification of the three contraceptive groups for both males' and females' initial sexual experience was not very successful. Moderate discrimination was achieved for the female current sexual activity subsample and good discrimination and classification was made for the currently sexually active male subsample. The results are discussed in terms of the implications of the findings for understanding contraceptive behavior of males and females, problems with the dependent variable of contraceptive use, and the mounting evidence that emotional orientation to sexuality influences contraceptive behavior.

Adult↗
PubMed2005

Masculine interest behind high prevalence of female contraceptive methods in rural Nepal.

OBJECTIVE: This article explores the nexus between intraspousal power relations and couples' participation in contraceptive decision-making. Further, it discloses whether perceived gender roles and privilege influence couples' contraceptive behaviour in rural Nepal. METHODS: Two hundred and twenty-three couples from 197 randomly selected households from two rural population clusters in eastern Nepal were interviewed. Additionally, 40 key informants were included to collect in-depth qualitative information. The conclusion provides the essence of the results from quantitative and qualitative analyses. RESULTS: Out of 10 independent variables regarding the social power status of the wives and husbands (education, age, occupation, personal income, household headship, political participation, social participation, access to mass media, exposure to psychological assault and physical assault from husband), four variables, namely education, personal income, exposure to psychological assault and physical assault demonstrated significant influence on wives' participation, while no one variable showed association with husbands' participation in contraceptive decision-making. Despite the husband's domination, husband-wife joint involvement in making contraceptive decisions was common. However, stereotyped gender roles and privilege appeared to be influential in deciding the types of methods to use, to shift the methods, and to terminate using contraception. CONCLUSION: As an unequal conjugal relationship is one of the factors responsible for the husband's domination in the decision-making process, women's empowerment should be an entry-point for the transformation of gender discriminatory attitudes and behaviour. Women's empowerment enhances an equal conjugal relationship, and thereby helps in achieving equal partnership in reproductive health decision-making.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Union status, marital history and female contraceptive sterilization in the United States.

CONTEXT: Much of what is known about the choice of sterilization as a contraceptive method is based on data from married women or couples. Because of increasing rates of cohabitation, divorce and repartnering, however, the relationship context in which sterilization decisions are made has changed. METHODS: The 1995 National Survey of Family Growth includes the complete birth and union histories of 10,277 white, black and Hispanic women. The distribution of union status and marital history at the time of tubal sterilization was estimated for these three racial and ethnic groups among the 799 women who had had a tubal ligation in 1990-1995 before age 40. Cox proportional hazard regression models were used to estimate the effects of union status and marital history on the risk of tubal sterilization. The analysis controlled for the woman's age, parity, race and ethnicity education, region, experience of an unwanted birth and calendar period. RESULTS: Among women who obtained a tubal sterilization, most whites (79%) and Hispanics (66%) were married when they had the operation, compared with only 36% of black women. At the time of their sterilization, 46% of black women had never been married. Among all women, regardless of race and ethnicity and net of all controls, the probability of tubal sterilization is about 25% lower for single, never-married women than for cohabiting or married women. Cohabitation does not reduce the likelihood in comparison to marriage, however. Higher rates of tubal sterilization among Hispanic women are accounted for by their higher parity at each age; differences in parity or marriage by race only partially account for the relatively higher rates of tubal sterilization among black women. CONCLUSIONS: Because women currently spend greater proportions of their lives outside of marriage or in less-stable cohabiting partnerships than they did in the past, they are increasingly likely to make the decision to seek sterilization on their own. As a result, the gender gap in contraceptive sterilization will likely increase. The possibility of partnership change is an important consideration in choosing sterilization as a contraceptive method.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Chlamydial salpingitis in female guinea pigs receiving oral contraceptives.

Female guinea pigs were given daily doses of a combination of oral contraceptive (OC) agents, consisting of mestranol and norethynodrel suspended in sesame oil or distilled H2O, and were infected in the genital tract with the chlamydial agent of guinea pig inclusion conjunctivitis (GPIC). Counts of chlamydial inclusions in cells of vaginal smears collected during infection, showed prolongation and enhancement of infection in OC-treated animals as compared with controls. Appearance of IgG and IgA antibodies to GPIC in genital secretions, as determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), was also delayed in OC-treated animals as compared with controls. OC-treated infected animals were killed on days 15 and 43, and gross pathological evidence for ascending infection culminating in salpingitis was found in all of five and four of five animals, respectively. On the other hand, among untreated infected controls on each sacrifice day, only one of five animals had any evidence for ascending infection. Chlamydiae were detected by light and electron microscopy in fallopian tube tissue collected on day 15 following OC-treatment but not in tissue from control animals.

Animals↗