PubMed Health⌕ Search

SEARCH · PubMed Health

Results for “Intestinal Obstruction”

Explore indexed PubMed citations for clinical trials, systematic reviews and public health research. Read source abstracts and follow each citation to its original PubMed record.

Quote a phrase for an exact phrase match. Source license links do not imply unrestricted reuse.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1975

Effect of acute intestinal obstruction on the leakage of albumin from blood into the small intestine.

The effect of a simple, low intestinal obstruction has been investigated in dogs on the leakage of 131I-serum albumin from the circulation into the intestine. An increase leakage has been demonstrated. In the distended segment of the intestine above that ligation a significant increase in protein-bound radioactivity, from the normal value of 0.082 plus or minus 0.012 ml/10 cm intestine/hour to 0.276 plus or minus 0.068 ml/10 cm intestine/hour, was obseved which means a more than 3fold increase. The values for albumin leakage did not change in the more proximal segments of the intestine less involved in the distension namely in the duodenum and the jejunum, furthermore in the ileal segment below the ligation. The increase in albumin liadage observed during intestinal obstruction resulted in 33% rise of total catabolism.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1976

Fluid-filled intestinal obstruction.

Three cases of intestinal obstruction are described in which the diagnosis was delayed because of the absence of gas in the bowel. The obstructed bowel was entirely fluid-filled and so abdominal distension was not marked, peristaltic sounds were not accentuated and the abdominal X-rays did not show air-fluid levels.

Adult↗
PubMed1975

[Diagnosis and treatment of intestinal obstruction caused by biliary calculi].

During a 20-year period among 513 patients, subjected to surgery for acute intestinal obstruction, the intestinal obstruction with bile stones was noted in 10 cases. The clinical picture of cholelithic intestinal obstruction is characterized by an intermittent course, that would result in late hospitalization and a delayed surgical therapy. Among 10 patients under treatment there were 5 lethal issues. Despite a comparatively not infrequent spontaneous cure in this lesion, it is felt that active surgical measures should be employed. An initiated operative intervention should be as minimum as possible, i. e. be limited by a liquidation of the obstruction by means of removing a cholelith from the intestinal lumen.

Aged↗
PubMed1977

Bypass operation for post-cystectomy intestinal obstruction.

A method for an intestinal bypass operation is presented. The procedure has been valuable in patients with post-cystectomy intestinal obstruction who did not respond to non-operative measures. A discussion on the possible means to prevent further obstruction is included.

Aged↗
PubMed1979

Intestinal obstruction in neonates: causes of death.

Infectious complications such a peritonitis, septicaemia and pneumonia are the most important factors causing postoperative death in surgery of intestinal obstruction in children. In a series of 237 patients with intestinal obstruction with 21 fatalities, the percentage of deaths due to infection was 85.7%. In 1967 to 1976, 259.301 children died in Germany, among them 1541 suffering from intestinal obstruction (0.6%); that means 3.1% of the 49.540 patients who died of intestinal obstruction were children. The mortality of intestinal obstruction in infancy and childhood had fallen to one third of the original during this period, but the mortality in newborn infants fell only by 50%. This correlates with the decreasing birth rate, so that the lower death rate due to intestinal obstruction seems to be explained by a lower number of neonates. The literature shows that relative mortality (20%) from intestinal obstruction in the newborn has, however, remained constant during the last 20 years.

Bacterial Infections↗
PubMed1991

[Changes in vasoactive intestinal polypeptide levels in intestinal obstruction and the influence of da cheng qi decoction].

The role of vasoactive intestinal polypeptide (VIP) in small intestine obstructed rabbits and the therapeutic mechanism of Da Cheng Qi Decoction (DCQD) were studied. VIP concentrations of both blood and intestinal tissue were measured by specific radio-immunoassay in a rabbits' mechanical small intestinal obstruction model using fix of ileum to the right low abdominal wall, the influences of duodenal perfusion of DCQD on VIP levels were also investigated. 24 hours after ligating ileum, VIP of arterial plasma was elevated 7 fold, reaching 138.65 +/- 25.58 pmol/L, that of portal vein plasma was 4 times of the arterial value. VIP immunoactivity was detected in peritoneal fluid. VIP content of duodenal tissue in 16 intestine obstructed rabbits was 2 times high as that in 15 controls, whereas that of colonal tissue was inversed. DCQD caused a 50% decrease of elevated plasma VIP in experimental animals and a 65% increase in controls. The present work demonstrates that VIP might be released into the portal and peripheral circulation and mediate local and systemic pathophysiologic alterations accompanying small intestinal obstruction, such as hyperemia and edema of intestinal wall, accumulation of fluid in the lumen. VIP changes might account for the redistribution of blood flow in the obstructed segment of small intestine and the distal site of obstruction. DCQD has a therapeutic effect. The mechanism of dual modulate action of DCQD on VIP concentration is beyond our knowledge.

Animals↗
PubMed1977

[Regional redistributions of the blood in high and low small intestine obstruction].

In the experimental model of high and low obstruction of the small intestine during 24 hours the authors observed considerable shifts in electrolytic blood content. Total amount of circulating blood, compared with control (laparotomy), was not changed. These data allowed a new consideration of the entity of the pathological syndrome in intestinal obstruction.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

[Diagnosis and treatment of adhesive intestinal obstruction in children].

The work analyses 455 patients with acute adhesive intestinal obstruction (194 children with the early and 261 with the advanced stage of the disease). The most common causes of the obstruction were acute appendicitis, developmental anomalies of the intestine, and intestinal intussusception. Complete viscerolysis and horizontal intestinoplication by means of medical glue without application of sutures were performed in a total adhesion process, even in the acute period (34 cases). Severe paresis or paralysis of the gastrointestinal tract is an indication for its decompression. Laparoscopy was conducted in 90 children (from 3 months to 14 years of age) in suspected acute adhesive intestinal obstruction. The diagnosis was confirmed or defined more exactly in 64 patients. As the result of endoscopic operations intestinal obstruction was corrected and laparotomy was avoided in almost half of the patients. The total mortality was 1.3%.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1990

[Endocrine cells of the small intestine in experimental strangulated intestinal obstruction].

In experiment on 25 cats reproducing small intestinal obstruction it has been established that the number of endocrine cells (EC) and the degree of their saturation with secretory granules increase in 3 and 6 h after the experiment. These indices decrease by 12 and 25 h after the experiment. The results obtained enable to reveal the EC participation in acute intestinal obstruction pathogenesis and to suppose the influence of released serotonin by paracrine way on mucous membrane as well as distant action on peristalsis and blood flow through intramural nerve plexus.

APUD Cells↗
PubMed1992

Anomalous congenital bands causing intestinal obstruction in children.

The records of eight patients treated for intestinal obstruction resulting from bands that have no identifiable embryologic or acquired basis were reviewed retrospectively. All patients presented with symptoms and signs indicative of intestinal obstruction. Patients older than 2 years of age additionally had a history of chronic abdominal pain. One thick anomalous congenital band with blood vessels in it was found to be the cause of obstruction in each patient. Bands were located between ascending colon and terminal ileum in four patients (50%), ligament of Treitz and terminal ileum in two patients (25%), right lobe of liver and terminal ileum in one patient (12.5%), and right lobe of liver and ascending colon in one patient (12.5%). The obstructive mechanisms were compression of bowel by band in five patients (62.5%) and entrappment of an intestinal loop between the band and mesenterium in three patients (37.5%). These bands are suggested to be the anomalies of mesenterium that may cause intestinal obstruction and chronic abdominal pain in children.

Abdominal Pain↗
PubMed1978

[Postoperative intestinal obstruction: introduction (author's transl)].

Postoperative intestinal obstruction is the indication for one-third of early reoperations. Mortality increases with age and time interval. Operations on the lower intestinal tract are predominant among the primary procedures. The main causes of obstruction are adhesions involving the small intestine. Diagnosis requires differentiation from paralytic ileus and physiologic postoperative paralysis. The outcome depends on early recognition, immediate reoperation, and adequate surgical management.

Diagnosis, Differential↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Intestinal obstruction ducts ascarides in childhood].

Intestinal ascariasis is the first among the most frequent parasitosis in Acapulco, Gro. Studying one of its most frequent complications, such as intestinal obstruction or subobstruction, it was found to occupy the 5th place as cause of admission to this service. The number of admissions was 1461 pediatric patients in a year, out of which there were 85 cases with total or partial obstruction due to ascarides. Routine studies were made including plain and barium X-ray plates. With the treatment instituted and adequate management there was no mortality. Only 8 cases required surgery. Stress is placed on X-ray studies to confirm the diagnosis.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1975

Studies on small intestinal obstruction.

The results of the present study can be summarised by the following answers to the framed questions: (I) Simple small-bowel obstruction in the cat entails predominantly a distension of the intestine, whereas the sustained intraluminal pressure is rather modest, between 5 and 10 mmHg. Spontaneous bowel activity is still present after 72 hours and responds to pharmacologic stimulation (II) Haemodynamic and microcirculatory evaluation in vitro shortly after release of an in vivo obstruction reveals no difference between obstructed and non-obstructed intestine; after decompression, thus any impairment of bowel "viability" caused by obstruction is rapidly ameliorated. (III) A moderate distension of short duration increases regional vascular resistance in non-obstructed intestine but compromises neither capillary filtration rate nor oxygen consumption. Upon a further and considerable distension, both haemodynamic and microcirculatory variables deteriorate in parallel; at an intraluminal pressure of 100mmHg, 30% of the blood flow and probably less than 15% of the perfused capillary surface area are preserved. Thus, the intestinal microcirculation is not interrupted until an 'unphysiologic' distention is applied. (IV) After release of an in vivo obstruction, a considerable distension produces the same circulatory responses as those recorded in non-obstructed intestine, whereas a moderate distension compromises the capillary function in obstructed but not in non-obstructed intestine; it is suggested that this is mainly the result of enhanced bowel-wall distensibility in obstruction. (V) A moderate and sustained distension occasions a 50-60% resistance augmentation in non-obstructed bowel and a 45-50% reduction of the perfused capillary surface area but does not compromise the oxygen uptake; thus, moderate distension involves no threat to bowel microcirculation or 'viability'. The experimental procedure per se entails some degree of resistance augmentation and CFC reduction during a 3-hour perfusion; however, no changes appear during the initial stage, i.e., corresponding to the period of artificial distension...

Animals↗
PubMed1990

[The medical treatment of intestinal obstruction due to adhesions and adherences].

Adhesions are the most common cause of intestinal obstruction. Medical treatment for those patients with no signs of vascular involvement has been successful in many cases. We reviewed the clinical records of 87 patients with intestinal obstruction due to adhesions, having a total of 122 episodes. Satisfactory follow up was obtained in 76% of patients for a mean of 29.6 months. 47% of episodes resolved without need for surgical intervention. Volume entrapment during the first hours was correlated with need for surgical treatment (p < 0.01). Recurrences were not different between medical and surgical patients (p = 0.28). Thus, medical treatment of this type of intestinal obstruction may be attempted in most patients, not only those who are poor surgical risks.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

Clinical application of spectral analysis of bowel sounds in intestinal obstruction.

The bowel sounds of 21 patients with mechanical obstruction of the intestine were studied. A computer analysis of bowel sounds was performed using a signal processor. Bowel sounds of patients were classified into 3 types (Types I, II, and III) based on the histograms, although these were not distinguishable on auscultation. The lower, peak, and upper frequencies were 173 +/- 25 Hz, 273 +/- 64 Hz, and 667 +/- 58 Hz, respectively, in Type I; 309 +/- 121 Hz, 632 +/- 94 Hz, and 878 +/- 116 Hz, respectively, in Type II; and 330 +/- 120 Hz, 612 +/- 86 Hz, and 766 +/- 82 Hz, respectively, in Type III. High frequency sounds above 900 Hz were recorded in Types I and II but not in Type III. The ratio of the operated patients was 0, 23, and 100 percent in Types I, II, and III, respectively. The intervals between the times of admission and operation were 4.3 days and 1.2 days in Types II and III, respectively. Thus, it appears that the methods described by the authors could provide a very objective assessment of the severity and help determine the treatment (conservative or operative) of each patient.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

Nationwide investigations of intestinal obstruction in Japan.

Two nationwide questionnaire surveys of intestinal obstruction in Japan were undertaken, covering two two-year periods, from January, 1975 to December, 1976 and from January, 1985 to December, 1986, respectively. The findings of a comparative review of these two surveys indicated that although the overall mortality of intestinal obstruction had not changed between 1975/76 and 1985/86, being 6.8 per cent and 6.5 per cent, respectively, simple adhesive obstruction had decreased from 3.2 per cent in 1975/76 to 2.0 per cent in 1985/86. The main cause of adhesion was laparotomy and in cases of both simple adhesive obstruction and strangulation adhesive obstruction, the rate of adhesion secondary to laparotomy of the upper gastrointestinal tract and colon and rectum had increased between 1975/76 and 1985/76. Obstructions caused by neoplasms had increased from 8.2 per cent in 1975/76 to 10.0 per cent in 1985/86, while those caused by adhesions had increased further still, from 42.5 per cent in 1975/76 to 60.8 per cent in 1985/86. Among the latter group, non-operatively treated cases had increased, which may be accounted for by the fact that facilities which adopt non-operative treatment using intestinal decompression as the first choice for simple adhesive obstruction cases have increased. In both surveys, the mortality of cases receiving nonoperative treatment was lower than that of operative cases.

Health Surveys↗