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Results for “Mandibular Condyle”

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At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1978

Growth rhythms of the cartilage of the mandibular condyle: effects of orthopaedic appliances.

The growth rate of the cartilage of the mandibular condyle in the young rat exhibits: - a circadian cycle with a maximum of the 3H-thymidine labelled cells around 13(00) and a minimum around 01(00); with a maximum in the number of mitoses around 21(00) and a minimum around 09(00). - a circannual cycle with a maximum in May and a minimum between November and January, and with a difference in rhythms between May and November. The condylar cartilage growth in response to orthopaedical appliances of the mandible is modified and exhibits: - circadian variations. - circannual variations. The responsiveness of the condylar cartilage to orthopaedic appliances is greater when the condylar cartilage growth rate is higher.

Animals↗
PubMed1978

Total osteolysis of the mandibular condyle in progressive systemic sclerosis.

This report calls attention to the complete resorption of the mandibular condyle in progressive systemic sclerosis (scleroderma), a previously unreported finding. This was associated with osteolysis of the ipsilateral coronoid process, both mandibular angles, and autoamputation of the fingertips. The Panorex provides a simple, effective method for studying the mandible in systemic sclerosis. Similar mandibular osteolysis with vinyl chloride exposure is noted.

Bone Diseases↗
PubMed1976

[Traumatic intracranial penetration of the mandibular condyle].

The authors report a case of severe multiple trauma in which, as a result of the large number of complex injuries together with necessary therapeutic measures, the intra-cranial penetration of the mandibular condyle was unnoticed during the first months following the accident. They emphasize the discordance between the anatomical lesions and their clinical manifestations. Thus a complete radiological examination is necessary at a secondary stage in order to detect such lesions which, by contrast to that which might be supposed, are not obvious clinically. As far as treatment is concerned, rather than resorting to orthopaedic menoeuvres with imprecise traction and which, in any case, fail to resolve the entire problem. the authors recommend a combined maxillo-facial neurosurgical operation.

Adult↗
PubMed1977

Mandibular condyle dislocation into the middle cranial fossa.

A case is reported of a woman aged 25 with a dislocation of the right mandibular condyle into the middle cranial fossa. The most striking clinical feature is a strongly limited mandibular movement and the fixation of the mandible in the dislocated position. Adequate radiographic examination including tomography is necessary to obtain the proper diagnosis and to determine the position of the condyle and the displaced bony fragments of the cranial base. Early diagnosis and treatment are very important for a successful reposition. In the described patient manual reposition of the dislocated condyle was obtained 2 days after trauma. The risk of intracranial complications makes close cooperation with a neurosurgeon necessary.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

Central giant-cell lesion in the mandibular condyle. Report of a case.

Giant-cell lesions of the temporomandibular joint are rare. In the present case a central giant-cell lesion of the temporomandibular joint is described, and the distinction between central giant-cell reparative granulomas and giant-cell tumors is discussed. Successful reconstruction of the temporomandibular joint by means of an 8 cm. costochondral graft in an elderly patient with a central giant-cell lesion of the mandibular condyle is also reported.

Giant Cell Tumors↗
PubMed1992

Prevalence of structural bony change in the mandibular condyle.

Estimated on data derived from a longitudinal study of 172 orthodontic subjects, structural bony change in the mandibular condyle occurs in 5% of the individuals documented from childhood to adulthood. The first appearance generally was between 12 and 16 years of age. Differential diagnosis based upon signs and symptoms of CMD registered simultaneously, as proposed in the 1990 guidelines for craniomandibular disorders appeared to be inconsistent. To illustrate how suddenly the process of bony change may proceed, a case report is presented in which a severe change transpired within a 1-year interval in a 13-year-old patient.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1978

Closed condylotomy in the treatment of recurrent dislocation of the mandibular condyle.

Twenty-one patients 10-79 years of age were operated on for recurrent dislocation of the mandibular condyle using Kostecka's closed condylotomy method. The procedure alters the condyle position and will indirectly shorten the lateral pterygoid muscle, thus eliminating its pulling power to the condyle, even though it still functions. For the study, a late examination was performed with at least 1 year's follow-up. Seventeen patients were cured after unilateral or bilateral condylotomies, and two patients were asked to undergo a second operation on the opposite side. In normal cases any joint operated on was cured. Two cases suffering from congenital torticollis or disseminated sclerosis were felt to be unsuccessful. One exceptional case resulted in a pseudarthrosis, and was repaired by rib bone cartilage transplant. The method is the simplest and least traumatic when recurrent dislocation of the temporomandibular joint is treated surgically.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1992

In vivo effects of tunicamycin on chondrocytes of rat mandibular condyles as revealed by lectin cytochemistry.

The in vivo effects of tunicamycin on the glycosylation of proteoglycans and link protein in rat mandibular condylar chondrocytes were studied by ultrastructural lectin histochemistry. The binding of wheat-germ agglutinin was shown by using anti-lectin antibody followed by protein A-gold complex. In normal rats, wheat-germ agglutinin labeling was restricted to trans cisternae and vacuoles of the Golgi complex, whereas it was observed in neither the cis region of the Golgi complex nor in the rough endoplasmic reticulum. By 3 h after the drug administration, wheat-germ agglutinin binding sites on the disorganized Golgi vacuoles were dramatically reduced in number. At 6 h after the drug administration, the lectin binding sites on the Golgi vacuoles were restored. These results demonstrate that the in vivo use of tunicamycin in combination with histochemical analysis using lectin probes is of significant value for the study of protein glycosylation in chondrocytes of the rat mandibular condyle.

Animals↗
PubMed1992

Weaning and the histology of the mandibular condyle in the rat.

Eighty-eight Long Evans/Turku rats were used in the study. The effect of the articulatory function on the mandibular condyle was observed histologically during normal growth, when the rat is changing its diet from milk to whole pellets as a part of weaning. Six animals each were killed at the age of 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, 35, 40 and 50 days for histological tissue processing. For further information, 30 animals were fed a soft diet (6 animals each were killed at the age of 25, 30, 35, 40 and 50 days), and 10 animals were fed hardened pellets (2 animals each were killed at the ages of 25, 30, 35, 40 and 50 days). An even and regular transition from mesenchymal cells via immature chondroblasts into mature chondroblasts and hypertrophied chondrocytes was found at 10, 15 and 20 days during normal growth and also at 25, 30, 35, 40 and 50 days when animals were fed a soft diet. This maturing process appeared to be disturbed at the age of 25, 30, 35 and 40 days in the superior aspect of the condyle in animals fed ordinary pellets. The density of the mesenchymal cell layer was decreased, and the amount of intercellular matrix seemed to be evaluated in mesenchymal and intermediate cell layers. These features were later manifest deeper in the cartilage as acellular regions and as cell clusters. The changes were similar but more severe when the animals were fed hardened pellets.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Animals↗
PubMed1992

Positional changes of the mandibular condyle assessed by three-dimensional computed tomography.

This investigation was designed to test the validity and reliability of three-dimensional computed tomography (3-D CT) for quantification of positional changes of the condyle in a laboratory model. The model consisted of a mounted dried human skull and a mandibular condyle attached to a micromanipulator. Controlled changes in condylar position were made and the condyle/fossa was imaged. Positional changes were measured by triangulation methods based on specific 3-D CT landmarks. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, analyses of variance to evaluate the sources of variability, and linear contrasts to evaluate the differences between observed and expected values. The results indicated that selection of appropriate anatomic landmarks for assessment of movement influences technique accuracy. The data also indicate that 3-D CT is most accurate in detecting inferior condylar movements. Lateral and posterior movements were assessed with less accuracy than the inferior positional changes. The clinical significance of these differences has yet to be determined.

Analysis of Variance↗
PubMed1975

Dental abrasion as a factor in remodeling of the mandibular condyle.

Skulls of 100 male and female subjects of various ages and with unimpaired dental arches were examined with respect to the morphological features of the mandibular condyle. A certain number of typical shapes were distinguished. Dental abrasion was also assessed and three parameters were calculated: (1) total abrasion index; (2) working:balancing abrasion ratio, and (3) frontal abrasion index. These data were then related to condylar shape and subject age. The results show that abrasion influences changes in condyle shape due to bone remodeling. The forces applied on this bone segment are distributed over functional areas that vary both in extent and in their different characteristics.

Adult↗
PubMed1977

The effects of ethylene-1-hydroxy-1, 1-diphosphonate on the developing mandibular condyle -- a light microscopic study.

The effects of high doses of ethylene-1-hydroxy-1, 1-diphosphonate (EHDP), a potential mineralization inhibitor, were studied in the developing mandibular condyle of the rat. The animals were given one injection of EHDP/day for four consecutive days. One group of animals received 30 mg and another group 50 mg EHDP/day. Animals from each group were killed either the day after or three days after the last EHDP-injection. EHDP-administration resulted in a failure of mineralization of the cartilage and osteoid, a widening of the hypertrophic zone, an appearance of cells in lacunae at the cartilage-methphyseal junction and in an inhibited capillary invasion. There was little evidence of a resumed mineralization in rats left to survive for three days after the last EHDP-injection. The results indicate additional effects of EHDP besides an inhibition of calcium phosphate crystallization, and also that EHDP may be a useful tool in the study of mechanisms of cellular hypertrophy and capillary invasion in mineralizing cartilage.

Animals↗
PubMed1978

Laminagraphic study of mandibular condyle position when recording centric relation.

Laminagraphs were made of each temporomandibular joint of 20 subjects (1) with the mandible forcefully retruded to centric relation and (2) with the mandible positioned by a closing force while an anterior guidance prosthesis was being used. The radiographs were compared by measurements of condylar position; results indicated the condyles to be significantly more superior in the glenoid fossa when anterior guidance was used. The difference in anterior-posterior positioning of the condyles appeared to occur randomly. Measurements of the joint spaces with the mandible in centric relation using anterior guidance indicated that mandibular condyles were not centered in the fossae. There seemed to be a range in the size of the space that could be considered normal.

Dental Occlusion↗
PubMed1977

Influence of growth hormone and thyroxine on endochondral osteogenesis in the mandibular condyle and proximal tibial epiphysis.

Interrelationships of growth hormone and thyroxine effects on endochondral osteogenesis have been investigated. Evidence is offered that thyroxine augments the effect of growth hormone on the mandibular condyle just as at other osteogenetic centers, for example proximal tibial epiphysis in hypophysectomized rats. This contrasts with previous reports of a unique thyroxine antagonism to the effect of growth hormone on condylar development. In a further study on tibial epiphysis, special attention was given to assure absence of the endogenous thyroid hormone by adding thyroidectomy to hypophysectomy and reducing the possibility of thyroteopin residues in growth hormone. By histochemical tests, the responses of both calcified and noncalcified regions of the epiphyseal cartilage plate were measured. Graded growth hormone doses stimulated graded response in a noncalcified region. Thyroxine augmented this response eightfold. The width of the calcified region of the plate did not vary with treatment.

Animals↗