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PubMedDate not supplied

Issues encountered in an attempt to implement a second-generation management information system.

Human service organization are beset by internal and external requests for information. As the scale and complexity of such delivery systems has increased, the use of computer-based information systems has become a necessity. The evolution of a client information system in a large, decentralized mental health center is reviewed in this paper to illustrate several critical issues that can be encountered in the application of computer-based technology to human services. An analysis of the center's existing information system and the development of the data forms and procedures necessary for a second-generation system to meet information needs revealed the unique data structure and analysis problems of human service delivery systems. These problems were complicated by regulatory agencies' imposition of external reporting requirements that frequently were unpredictable and inconsistent. Finally, planning and negotiations with the participation of all involved parties demonstrated that formal and informal administrative constraints and conflicting interests within human service organizations must be accommodated or a system may fail. All of these factors combine to highlight both the problems and the need for highly flexible multipurpose information systems.

Boston↗
PubMedDate not supplied

User expectations and perceptions of a patient management information system.

The use of computers in health care has become increasingly common. However, implemented systems at times have not met the expectations of the user group, resulting in disconfirmed expectations. This article takes a first tentative look at the notion of disconfirmed expectations and the possible impact disconfirmed expectations may have upon the perceptions of the system the user group may develop. Seventy-two pre-users and 30 users completed a questionnaire regarding their system expectations (pre-users) or system perceptions (user). Analysis examined occupation and use (pre-user/user) ratings. Results found vast differences in both use and occupation. When examining the observed differences in use (pre-user/user), a discriminant analysis identified nine factors that discriminated significantly between these groups, with 'user support' being the main factor. When examining the groups by occupation (clerical, nursing, other) it was found that differences were explained by how effective the system was at meeting their daily work requirement needs. These results are discussed in relation to system implementation strategies.

Attitude to Computers↗
PubMed1997

National health management information system: issues of funding and support.

Information Technology has made a substantial inroad into Nigerian society, particularly since the late 1980s. It is, however, already being applied in the health sector. The Obafemi Awolowo University Teaching Hospitals Complex (OAUTHC), lle-lfe, Nigeria has adopted a systematic approach to the development of a Health Information System (HIS) for a typical specialist hospital. A review of the existing HIS in OAUIHC is presented, highlighting its attributes, problems, and limitations. In addition, the options of funding HIS on a national scale are identified and discussed. Finally, strategies to ensure ongoing support of a national HIS are presented.

Developing Countries↗
PubMed1998

Security in the management of information systems.

Although security technology exists in abundance in health information management systems, the implementation of that technology is often lacking. This lack of implementation can be heavily affected by the attitudes and perceptions of users and management, the "people part" of systems. Particular operational, organizational, and economic factors must be addressed along with employment of security objectives and accountability. Unique threats, as well as controls, pervade the use of microcomputer-based systems as these systems permeate health care information management.

Attitude to Computers↗
PubMed2006

Information systems in food safety management.

Information systems are concerned with data capture, storage, analysis and retrieval. In the context of food safety management they are vital to assist decision making in a short time frame, potentially allowing decisions to be made and practices to be actioned in real time. Databases with information on microorganisms pertinent to the identification of foodborne pathogens, response of microbial populations to the environment and characteristics of foods and processing conditions are the cornerstone of food safety management systems. Such databases find application in: Identifying pathogens in food at the genus or species level using applied systematics in automated ways. Identifying pathogens below the species level by molecular subtyping, an approach successfully applied in epidemiological investigations of foodborne disease and the basis for national surveillance programs. Predictive modelling software, such as the Pathogen Modeling Program and Growth Predictor (that took over the main functions of Food Micromodel) the raw data of which were combined as the genesis of an international web based searchable database (ComBase). Expert systems combining databases on microbial characteristics, food composition and processing information with the resulting "pattern match" indicating problems that may arise from changes in product formulation or processing conditions. Computer software packages to aid the practical application of HACCP and risk assessment and decision trees to bring logical sequences to establishing and modifying food safety management practices. In addition there are many other uses of information systems that benefit food safety more globally, including: Rapid dissemination of information on foodborne disease outbreaks via websites or list servers carrying commentary from many sources, including the press and interest groups, on the reasons for and consequences of foodborne disease incidents. Active surveillance networks allowing rapid dissemination of molecular subtyping information between public health agencies to detect foodborne outbreaks and limit the spread of human disease. Traceability of individual animals or crops from (or before) conception or germination to the consumer as an integral part of food supply chain management. Provision of high quality, online educational packages to food industry personnel otherwise precluded from access to such courses.

Consumer Product Safety↗
PubMedDate not supplied

A physician profile system.

The need for effective management information systems is now evident. No longer is pertinent and timely information merely something desirable to group practice; it is essential for management control and even survival in today's healthcare environment. Most of the management information systems currently in use are designed for controlling line-item budget categories and not the key professionals whose actions determine the fate of the practice. A physician practice profile system was developed at the Cornell Medical Practice and implemented in July 1982. This tiered reporting system is described in detail, including its ancillary service utilization and quality audit profiles, and the results of the system are presented.

Group Practice↗
PubMed1987

Enhancing CEOs' decision making through information systems.

Although healthcare management information systems significantly enhance the decision-making capacity of the chief executive officer (CEO), some CEOs make limited use of this potentially powerful management ally. A central management issue is finding the optimal fit between the CEO's roles and responsibilities and the capacity of information systems to adapt to and support these functions. Thus data system designers must clearly understand the CEO's needs, management tasks, and unique responsibilities. An often misunderstood concept is that data by themselves are not immediately useful and applicable to managerial needs. To become useful information, data must be timely, accurate, relevant, and actionable. CEOs may be disappointed with management information systems because of an inherent conflict between what the computer can do best--rapid, routinized solutions--and what top management usually requires. The CEO's decisions are generally singular, and the system's data may not be structured to serve those decision-making requirements. Building a system that is responsive to the CEO's needs requires an equal partnership between the CEO, data manager, and system designer. The CEO also must be willing to invest a lot of time in shaping the facility's system. In addition, because of the considerable and escalating cost of developing, using, and maintaining organizational data systems, CEOs must assess the cost/benefit ratio of obtaining additional information from existing data bases.

Computer Systems↗
PubMed2005

A surveillance information system as a management tool: a report from Papua New Guinea.

To have a very good surveillance system, it is paramount important to have a functional health information system that could be easily used for monitoring and investigation of disease outbreaks. In Papua New Guinea (PNG) a national health information system was developed, trailed and implemented nationwide. Furthermore to have the system working linked to it must be the local health system for sustainability and control. A public health manual for disease surveillance in PNG was developed and is now being used for surveillance. This paper describes how the health information system, particularly surveillance system was developed and implemented on the national scale, how it was integrated with other management information systems and how information has been used to support management decision-making and informed policy decision. It will highlight some of the hurdles that it has encountered while trying to implement the system. PNG has one of the best national health information system as compared to many developing countries but limited information generated from the system. There was also less feedback from all levels of the health sector. We need to improve surveillance on the basic principles of integration, focus, and sharing of work. There must be an appropriate and timely response and feedback. We need to improve on the current system rather than building a new one.

Decision Making, Computer-Assisted↗
PubMed1984

Privacy Act of 1974; exempt record system--DHHS. Notice of proposed rulemaking.

The Assistant Secretary for Personnel Administration, through the Office of Personnel systems Integrity of the Department of Health and Human Services, by separate Federal Register notice is proposing alteration in the system of records entitled. "Management Information System Efficiency Report (MISER), HHS/OS/ASPER/OPSI", 09-90-0095. The Department intends to exempt portions of this system from certain provisions of the Privacy Act, 5 U.S.C. 552a. The proposed exemption is authorized by subsection (k)(2) of the Privacy ect, which applies to investigative materials compiled for law enforcement purposes. The Offices of Personnel Systems Integrity (OPSI) is authorised to gather information for personnel, legal and regulatory enforcement purposes under Title 5 U.S.C., Chapter 12. In order to maintain the integrity of the OPSI process of merit system and prohibited personnel practice complaints investigations, and to ensure that the Office of Personnel Systems Integrity will be able to obtain access to complete and accurate information, the Department proposes to exempt from the notification, access, correction, and amendment provisions of the Privacy Act those portions of Management Information System Efficiency Report (MISER) which contain personal information that would identify either a confidential source or an individual other than the complainant or subject of an investigation.

Civil Rights↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Using a microcomputer-based information system to manage and monitor departmental business operations.

This article describes a system which allows administrators, physicians, and other health care managers to do the following: develop pricing strategies for current and future services to be offered, establish human resource needs to meet predetermined service objectives and monitor productivity on a regular basis, investigate the impact of program changes on business profitability prior to the implementation of such changes, and identify operational problems with direction for corrective action.

Computers↗
PubMed1991

Team mix can smooth information system acquisitions.

Through effective planning and preparation, a healthcare organization can avoid bad experience in acquiring an information system. While outside consultants may be helpful in considering a proposed computer system, resources needed for successful system acquisition may be found among an organization's staff members. An acquisition team of employees with expertise in financial management, information systems management, clinical matters, operations, and legal issues can help a team leader acquire a system that balances the needs of each department.

Consultants↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Rate structuring in managed care contracts demands detailed information.

In summary, managed care contracts are being written in a variety of ways, versions of capitation and discounted fee-for-service being only two of them. If you can't generate all of the information needed to negotiate, you need to step back and take another look at your management information system. Managed care is here. It was "just around the corner" yesterday!

Capitation Fee↗
PubMed1984

Information planning for the 1980's and 1990's.

With the shift in reimbursement, new medical technology, and increased competition, hospitals must be managed more effectively. Management information systems are being developed to meet these new challenges. This article provides an overview of the types of information needed and outlines the development of a comprehensive information systems plan.

Hospitals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Management science models for microcomputers in hospital administration.

Use of microcomputer programs for management engineering in hospitals reduces the chore of operational planning at very low cost. This article describes some management information systems available for microcomputers and provides an example run-through to show how one such system can be used to schedule patients for surgery.

Appointments and Schedules↗
PubMed1995

Path.Finder: an interactive clinical information system. The day-to-day management of patients requires unified information sources.

Presents Path.Finder, a locally managed health care information system built in response to the need for better communication of current research evidence and clinical practice guidelines. Concludes that this system will improve patient care by providing up-to-date, clinically useful information which is relevant locally. The technology and the information management system have been developed in parallel.

Critical Pathways↗