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Results for “Genome engineering”

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At least 415 records · Page 23Linked to original sources
PubMed2002

Technologically advanced cancer modeling in mice.

Multiple approaches now exist for the generation of genetically engineered murine cancer models. These new models utilize latent, conditional and inducible alleles to better mimic the in vivo setting in which sporadic human cancers occur. The murine tumor models are beginning to reveal mysteries of tumorigenesis, such as the role of the tumor microenvironment and the dependence of tumors on continuous oncogenic stimulation.

Animals↗
PubMed2003

Generation of a bacterium with a 21 amino acid genetic code.

We have generated a completely autonomous bacterium with a 21 amino acid genetic code. This bacterium can biosynthesize a nonstandard amino acid from basic carbon sources and incorporate this amino acid into proteins in response to the amber nonsense codon. The biosynthetic pathway for the amino acid p-aminophenylalanine (pAF) as well as a unique pAF synthetase and cognate tRNA were added to Escherichia coli. Denaturing gel electrophoresis and mass spectrometric analysis show that pAF is incorporated into myoglobin with fidelity and efficiency rivaling those of the common 20 amino acids. This and other such organisms may provide an opportunity to examine the evolutionary consequences of adding new amino acids to the genetic repertoire, as well as generate proteins with new or enhanced biological functions.

Amino Acyl-tRNA Synthetases↗
PubMed2001

The bugs of war.

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Animals↗
PubMed2001

Green revolution: the way forward.

The origin of agriculture led to the domestication of many plant species and to the exploitation of natural resources. It took almost 10,000 years for food grain production to reach 1 billion tons, in 1960, and only 40 years to reach 2 billion tons, in 2000. This unprecedented increase, which has been named the 'green revolution', resulted from the creation of genetically improved crop varieties, combined with the application of improved agronomic practices.

Agriculture↗
PubMed1997

Double trouble.

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Abortion, Legal↗
PubMed2000

High-yield production of a human therapeutic protein in tobacco chloroplasts.

Transgenic plants have become attractive systems for production of human therapeutic proteins because of the reduced risk of mammalian viral contaminants, the ability to do large scale-up at low cost, and the low maintenance requirements. Here we report a feasibility study for production of a human therapeutic protein through transplastomic transformation technology, which has the additional advantage of increased biological containment by apparent elimination of the transmission of transgenes through pollen. We show that chloroplasts can express a secretory protein, human somatotropin, in a soluble, biologically active, disulfide-bonded form. High concentrations of recombinant protein accumulation are observed (>7% total soluble protein), more than 300-fold higher than a similar gene expressed using a nuclear transgenic approach. The plastid-expressed somatotropin is nearly devoid of complex post-translational modifications, effectively increasing the amount of usable recombinant protein. We also describe approaches to obtain a somatotropin with a non-methionine N terminus, similar to the native human protein. The results indicate that chloroplasts are a highly efficient vehicle for the potential production of pharmaceutical proteins in plants.

Blotting, Western↗