SEARCH · PubMed Health

Results for “Data Storage And Retrieval”

Explore indexed PubMed citations for clinical trials, systematic reviews and public health research. Read source abstracts and follow each citation to its original PubMed record.

Quote a phrase for an exact phrase match. Source license links do not imply unrestricted reuse.

At least 433 records · Page 24Linked to original sources

PubMed1995

An improved method for clenbuterol screening using high resolution selected ion recording.

A method has been developed using reliable GC derivatization techniques interfaced with a high resolution mass spectrometer. The method has proved successful for the detection of low levels (less than 1 ppm) of clenbuterol in complex biological matrices. Selected ion recording of two characteristic isotopic fragment ions provides a specific mode of detection by verifying the GC retention time of these ions and also by comparing their relative abundance. Analysis of urine samples demands higher mass spectrometric resolution, and 40 000 (10% valley) was found to be a prerequisite for accurate integration of the drug-related chromatographic peaks. The method developed is suitable for adaptation to a completely unattended automated routine incorporating sample injection, storage and retrieval of source tuning parameters, and data processing.

Adrenergic beta-Agonists↗

PubMed2001

Radiation dosimetry using three-dimensional optical random access memories.

Three-dimensional optical random access memories (3D ORAMs) are a new generation of high-density data storage devices. Binary information is stored and retrieved via a light induced reversible transformation of an ensemble of bistable photochromic molecules embedded in a polymer matrix. This paper describes the application of 3D ORAM materials to radiation dosimetry. It is shown both theoretically and experimentally, that ionizing radiation in the form of heavy charged particles is capable of changing the information originally stored on the ORAM material. The magnitude and spatial distribution of these changes are used as a measure of the absorbed dose, particle type and energy. The effects of exposure on 3D ORAM materials have been investigated for a variety of particle types and energies, including protons, alpha particles and 12C ions. The exposed materials are observed to fluoresce when exposed to laser light. The intensity and the depth of the fluorescence is dependent on the type and energy of the particle to which the materials were exposed. It is shown that these effects can be modeled using Monte Carlo calculations. The model provides a better understanding of the properties of these materials. which should prove useful for developing systems for charged particle and neutron dosimetry/detector applications.

Alpha Particles↗

PubMed1995

Repetition priming effects for newly formed associations are perceptually based: evidence from shallow encoding and format specificity.

This article is concerned with memory for newly formed associations as displayed on implicit and explicit tests of memory. After studying a list of word pairs, participants were shown the original intact pairs and pairs formed by recombining the original pairs. Pairs were simultaneously presented both at study and at test. In a lexical-decision task in which participants were asked to indicate whether both items were words, responses to intact pairs were faster than to recombined pairs. The size of this association-specific repetition effect was relatively unaffected by a levels-of-processing manipulation, indicating that conceptual processes did not likely contribute to the production of the effect. Furthermore, the effect was not produced when pairs were presented simultaneously at study but sequentially at test, thus highlighting the importance of format of presentation. Finally, in an explicit speeded-recognition task the size of the association-specific effect was largely affected by levels-of-processing manipulation and was revealed even under sequential test presentation suggesting that the associative repetition effects were not contaminated by conscious recollection. Together, the results show that perceptual factors are involved in both storage and retrieval of associative information in data-driven implicit tests of memory.

Adult↗

PubMed1997

Spine update. Administrative databases in spine research.

The use of administrative health care databases for the storage and retrieval of information is increasing. The data collection, entry, and collation follows a predictable process for hospital admissions. Many conclusions have been drawn from research performed using administrative databases. These conclusions can have significant and important implications for patients, providers, and society at large, to the extent that such data inform participants in the current health care policy debate. In an effort to better understand the significance of conclusions drawn from studies that rely on electronic administrative databases as their source of information, the present report addresses the process, strengths, weaknesses, and future plans for the use of administrative databases in spine research.

Databases, Factual↗

PubMed1998

Potential meets reality: GIS and public health research in Australia.

Geographical Information Systems-computerised systems for the capture, storage, retrieval, analysis and display of spatial data-have recently been promoted as important tools for the study of public health. Attention must also be given to the issues involved in this relatively new application, especially in Australian conditions. These include the coarse spatial resolution of most health and social data, the propagation of error through the need to use estimates and concordance tables to handle data in mismatched official spatial boundaries, the inflexible analytical capacity of most GIS for the needs of epidemiology, and difficulties in access to data, which are compounded by the absence of a good metadata register. The conflict between the need for spatial precision in GIS and preserving the confidentiality of health data is a salient issue. Medical geographers and public health researchers using GIS must recognise these issues in order to work together and toward extending the use of GIS technology beyond broad ecological and accessibility studies.

Australia↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Documentation of patient care services in a community pharmacy setting.

OBJECTIVE: To assess the types of patient care documentation systems currently being used by community pharmacists and determine the preferred characteristics of an ideal patient care documentation system. DESIGN: Mailed survey. SETTING: United States. PARTICIPANTS: One pharmacist from each of 125 targeted community pharmacies. INTERVENTION: Survey mailed in February 2003, followed by a second mailing to nonrespondents in March 2003. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Responses to survey items about (1) patient care services provided at the pharmacy, (2) characteristics of the current documentation system, and (3) characteristics of an ideal documentation system. RESULTS: A total of 48 usable responses were received from 106 pharmacies to which surveys were delivered (45.3%). Independent pharmacies accounted for 50% of survey respondents. More than 80% of respondents were providing patient screening or management services associated with a chronic disease such as diabetes, hypertension, or dyslipidemia. Approximately 54% of the pharmacists were using a paper documentation system. However, challenges identified with a paper system included documentation time, retrieval of patient data, tracking patient outcomes, and storage. Respondents indicated that an ideal documentation system would be comprehensive, easy and efficient to use, and affordable. CONCLUSION: Pharmacists recognize the importance of documenting patient care services. While the majority of respondents are using paper charts to document patient care services, computerized systems appear to offer advantages over paper charts. This information offers community pharmacists a summary of previous experiences and a starting point when trying to identify or modify a documentation system that would better meet the pharmacies' needs.

Community Pharmacy Services↗

PubMed2005

A grand challenge for research: multimodal, multilevel and multiscale systems in medicine and biology.

Computational modelling, nano-bioscience and information technology in biology and medicine will play a major role in the interdisciplinary attempts to elucidate structures and functions of living systems. Developing tools capable to integrate the new advances and make benefit of them is crucial: accumulation of data and knowledge base with only storage and retrieval capabilities will have a poor impact if they are not made "active" or "operational". This is where models will play a central role in offering, not only sound ways for representation or simulation, but also the appropriate frames to put the players in the right place, with intra- and inter-level coupling and multisource handling. This paper advocated that sequential observations of multiple and complex mechanisms will be of limited interest to understand the inter-relations that are occurring at the same time, and therefore, that designing multimodal, multilevel and multiscale experiments, matched with these models, are of major importance.

Animals↗

PubMed1995

A graphical query generator for clinical research databases.

Clinical research involves recording, storage and retrieval of disease-related patient data, typically using a database system. In order to facilitate ad hoc queries to clinical databases we have developed a query generator with a graphical interface. The query generator uses an object-oriented data model which is visualized by directed graphs. The main focus of our work was the definition of object-oriented user views to the partly complex data structures of a relational database. Furthermore, we tried to define graphical abstractions for all common types of queries. Thus, even for non-expert database users such as clinicians, it is easy to assemble highly complex queries for a thorough examination of the content of large research databases.

Computer Graphics↗

PubMed1993

[Current status and future prospects of the radiation oncology treatment planning system].

Treatment planning is the most essential radiation oncology practice and has been developing owing to various technological innovations such as faster computing speed, advanced computer graphics and enormous data storage capacity. Treatment planning consists of CT data retrieval, target input, selection of treatment techniques and dose calculation, evaluation of dose distribution, and data transfer to the accelerator, each of which has been progressing quite rapidly. In particular, ongoing topics in treatment planning include multi-leaf conformation, non-coplanar technique, CT scanner dedicated to treatment planning and data transfer through LAN. Target delineation using PACS, and megavoltage verification imaging represented by portal imaging, are also useful. Higher local control rates as well as lower complication probabilities are expected with the sophisticated treatment planning system.

Forecasting↗

PubMed2004

HIVbase: a PC/Windows-based software offering storage and querying power for locally held HIV-1 genetic, experimental and clinical data.

BACKGROUND: Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) research involves ongoing, repetitious sequencing of the HIV genome and the massive accumulation of associated investigational data. As a result, the storage of annotated DNA and/or protein sequences, as well as information retrieval, have become increasingly difficult tasks, with scientists extracting less information from their collected data than they should. OBJECTIVES: Our objective was to design and develop a software package to aid researchers in the storage, analysis and exploration of their HIV-associated data. RESULTS: HIVbase contains familiar, easy-to-use interfaces and functionality for integrating many types of disparate data. The software contains tools that allow for the mass import of raw genetic data, eliminate repetitious sequence translations, have the ability to identify automatically and store HIV regions of interest from nucleic acid or protein sequences, allow for the export of data in commonly used analysis-ready formats, and for unique querying approaches.

Algorithms↗

PubMed1998

Histone Sequence Database: new histone fold family members.

Searches of the major public protein databases with core and linker chicken and human histone sequences have resulted in the compilation of an annotated set of histone protein sequences. In addition, new database searches with two distinct motif search algorithms have identified several members of the histone fold family, including human DRAP1 and yeast CSE4. Database resources include information on conflicts between similar sequence entries in different source databases, multiple sequence alignments, links to the Entrez integrated information retrieval system, structures for histone and histone fold proteins, and the ability to visualize structural data through Cn3D. The database currently contains >1000 protein sequences, which are searchable by protein type, accession number, organism name, or any other free text appearing in the definition line of the entry. All sequences and alignments in this database are available through the World Wide Web at http://www.nhgri.nih. gov/DIR/GTB/HISTONES or http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih. gov/Baxevani/HISTONES

Amino Acid Sequence↗

PubMed2006

UniGene Tabulator: a full parser for the UniGene format.

UNLABELLED: UniGene Tabulator 1.0 provides a solution for full parsing of UniGene flat file format; it implements a structured graphical representation of each data field present in UniGene following import into a common database managing system usable in a personal computer. This database includes related tables for sequence, protein similarity, sequence-tagged site (STS) and transcript map interval (TXMAP) data, plus a summary table where each record represents a UniGene cluster. UniGene Tabulator enables full local management of UniGene data, allowing parsing, querying, indexing, retrieving, exporting and analysis of UniGene data in a relational database form, usable on Macintosh (OS X 10.3.9 or later) and Windows (2000, with service pack 4, XP, with service pack 2 or later) operating systems-based computers. AVAILABILITY: The current release, including both the FileMaker runtime applications, is freely available at http://apollo11.isto.unibo.it/software/

Base Sequence↗

PubMed2003

Enhancing quality of retrieval through concept edit history.

The NCI Thesaurus is a public domain description logic-based terminology produced by the National Cancer Institute. The NCI Thesaurus is used to support storage and retrieval of scientific, clinical and research administration data. The content of the NCI Thesaurus evolves rapidly. We have developed a representation of concept change over time and have implemented software to capture concept change in our multi-editor concurrent vocabulary development environment. We are now implementing software to extend our vocabulary server, public APIs and our file-based distributions of the Thesaurus to provide access to the concept-level history information.

Humans↗

PubMed1993

CECIL: a database for storing and retrieving clinical and molecular information on patients with Alport syndrome.

CECIL is a database that stores clinical and molecular information on patients with Alport syndrome. The clinical component of CECIL is specific to Alport syndrome; the component that stores and manipulates molecular data can be used for any disease caused by a gene mutation, such as cystic fibrosis. While offering the ability to retrieve patient data through compound Boolean queries, CECIL also offers the ability to manipulate sequence information in various ways. In particular, CECIL can perform an augmented sequence alignment of an abnormal (patient) DNA sequence with a reference sequence. CECIL is currently being used by members of the International Alport Syndrome consortium. We describe CECIL's features and discuss the design decisions made in generalizing CECIL's architecture.

Base Sequence↗

PubMed2000

Protein identification with a single accurate mass of a cysteine-containing peptide and constrained database searching.

A method for rapid and unambiguous identification of proteins by sequence database searching using the accurate mass of a single peptide and specific sequence constraints is described. Peptide masses were measured using electrospray ionization-Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry to an accuracy of 1 ppm. The presence of a cysteine residue within a peptide sequence was used as a database searching constraint to reduce the number of potential database hits. Cysteine-containing peptides were detected within a mixture of peptides by incorporating chlorine into a general alkylating reagent specific for cysteine residues. Secondary search constraints included the specificity of the protease used for protein digestion and the molecular mass of the protein estimated by gel electrophoresis. The natural isotopic distribution of chlorine encoded the cysteine-containing peptide with a distinctive isotopic pattern that allowed automatic screening of mass spectra. The method is demonstrated for a peptide standard and unknown proteins from a yeast lysate using all 6118 possible yeast open reading frames as a database. As judged by calculation of codon bias, low-abundance proteins were identified from the yeast lysate using this new method but not by traditional methods such as tandem mass spectrometry via data-dependent acquisition or mass mapping.

Amino Acid Sequence↗

PubMed2002

Knowledge-based potential functions in protein design.

Predicting protein sequences that fold into specific native three-dimensional structures is a problem of great potential complexity. Although the complete solution is ultimately rooted in understanding the physical chemistry underlying the complex interactions between amino acid residues that determine protein stability, recent work shows that empirical information about these first principles is embedded in the statistics of protein sequence and structure databases. This review focuses on the use of 'knowledge-based' potentials derived from these databases in designing proteins. In addition, the data suggest how the study of these empirical potentials might impact our fundamental understanding of the energetic principles of protein structure.

Amino Acid Sequence↗

PubMed2004

TargetDB: a target registration database for structural genomics projects.

UNLABELLED: TargetDB is a centralized target registration database that includes protein target data from the NIH structural genomics centers and a number of international sites. TargetDB, which is hosted by the Protein Data Bank (RCSB PDB), provides status information on target sequences and tracks their progress through the various stages of protein production and structure determination. A simple search form permits queries based on contributing site, target ID, protein name, sequence, status and other data. The progress of individual targets or entire structural genomics projects may be tracked over time, and target data from all contributing centers may also be downloaded in the XML format. AVAILABILITY: TargetDB is available at http://targetdb.pdb.org/

Amino Acid Sequence↗

PubMed2006

iHAP--integrated haplotype analysis pipeline for characterizing the haplotype structure of genes.

BACKGROUND: The advent of genotype data from large-scale efforts that catalog the genetic variants of different populations have given rise to new avenues for multifactorial disease association studies. Recent work shows that genotype data from the International HapMap Project have a high degree of transferability to the wider population. This implies that the design of genotyping studies on local populations may be facilitated through inferences drawn from information contained in HapMap populations. RESULTS: To facilitate analysis of HapMap data for characterizing the haplotype structure of genes or any chromosomal regions, we have developed an integrated web-based resource, iHAP. In addition to incorporating genotype and haplotype data from the International HapMap Project and gene information from the UCSC Genome Browser Database, iHAP also provides capabilities for inferring haplotype blocks and selecting tag SNPs that are representative of haplotype patterns. These include block partitioning algorithms, block definitions, tag SNP definitions, as well as SNPs to be "force included" as tags. Based on the parameters defined at the input stage, iHAP performs on-the-fly analysis and displays the result graphically as a webpage. To facilitate analysis, intermediate and final result files can be downloaded. CONCLUSION: The iHAP resource, available at http://ihap.bii.a-star.edu.sg, provides a convenient yet flexible approach for the user community to analyze HapMap data and identify candidate targets for genotyping studies.

Algorithms↗