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At least 451 records · Page 25Linked to original sources
PubMed2006

Sebum output as a factor contributing to the size of facial pores.

BACKGROUND: Many endogenous and exogenous factors are known to cause enlarged pilosebaceous pores. Such factors include sex, genetic predisposition, ageing, chronic ultraviolet light exposure, comedogenic xenobiotics, acne and seborrhoea. This study was an attempt to determine the factors related to enlarged pores. OBJECTIVES: To assess the relationship of sebum output, age, sex, hormonal factors and severity of acne with pore size. METHODS: A prospective, randomized, controlled study was designed. A total of 60 volunteers, 30 males and 30 females, were recruited for this study. Magnified images of pores were taken using a dermoscopic video camera and measured using an image analysis program. The sebum output level was measured with a Sebumeter. RESULTS: Using multiple linear regression analysis, increased pore size was significantly associated with increased sebum output level, sex and age. Among the variables, sebum output level correlated most with the pore size followed by male sex. In comparing male and female participants, males had higher correlation between the sebum output level and the pore size (male: r = 0.47, female: r = 0.38). Thus, additional factors seem to influence pore size in females. Pore size was significantly increased during the ovulation phase (P = 0.008), but severity of acne was not significantly associated with the pore size. CONCLUSIONS: Enlarged pore sizes are associated with increased sebum output level, age and male sex. In female patients, additional hormonal factors, such as those of the menstrual cycle, affect the pore size.

Acne Vulgaris↗
PubMed2004

Skin imaging: is it clinically useful?

Non-invasive skin imaging techniques have proliferated over the last decade. Whilst most have a research role, some are routinely used in dermatology clinics. Of these, the skin surface microscope (dermatoscope), a diagnostic aid for pigmented lesions, has had most clinical impact. Such devices, when linked to a videomicroscope for computer analysis, have been dubbed as 'mole scanners'. Mole scanners are increasingly available on a commercial basis even though computer diagnosis of pigmented lesions is currently no better than diagnosis by human experts. Meanwhile, other imaging techniques, such as high-resolution ultrasonography, spectroscopy and optical coherence tomography, may yet find a role in diagnosis and disease monitoring.

Dermoscopy↗
PubMed2005

Targetoid haemosiderotic haemangioma: dermoscopic monitoring of three cases and review of the literature.

Targetoid haemosiderotic haemangioma represents a new, rarely reported, distinctive, benign vascular tumour, characterized histopathologically by a biphasic growth pattern of dilated vascular structures in the superficial dermis lined by prominent hobnail endothelial cells and collagen dissecting, rather narrow neoplastic vessels in deeper parts of the lesion. In the initial stage, the lesion is seen as a small purple or violaceous papule, 2--3 mm in diameter. Over time, the ecchymotic ring expands peripherally until it disappears spontaneously. In the later stages, however, the central papule remains as a slightly raised dermal lesion with a purple to brownish discolouration. We report three cases whose repetitive cyclic morphological changes of targetoid haemosiderotic haemangiomas were monitored dermoscopically at 3-month follow-ups. Histopathological examination of each lesion identified the features of targetoid haemosiderotic haemangioma. To the best of our knowledge, our three cases are the first reported in the literature of targetoid haemosiderotic haemangiomas that were regularly monitored by dermoscopic examinations, enabling development of the different stages of the same lesion to be followed.

Adult↗
PubMed2006

Teledermatoscopy as a triage system for pigmented lesions: a pilot study.

BACKGROUND: Skin-cancer screening should rely on simple, low-cost and high-sensitivity diagnostic procedures. AIMS: To compare diagnosis and management options after the evaluation of clinical and dermatoscopic teleconsultations with a store-and-forward teledermatology screening system for pigmented lesions. METHODS: Kappa values between telediagnoses and the gold standard (histological examination) were assessed. Referral rates, diagnostic confidence level (DCL), sensitivity and specificity were evaluated in both approaches. Picture quality and time and cost investments were also measured. In total, 61 teleconsultations were evaluated. RESULTS: Sensitivity of the clinical and dermatoscopic teleconsultations was 1 for both, whereas specificities were 0.65 and 0.78, respectively (P < 0.05). DCL was higher for the dermatoscopic teleconsultations (4.75 vs. 4.14, P < 0.05). Agreement between the clinical and dermatoscopic teleconsultation was kappa = 0.89 (95% CI 0.81-0.97). Agreement with the gold standard was 0.91 (95% CI 0.82-1.00) for the clinical teleconsultation and 0.94 (95% CI 0.88-1.00) for teledermatoscopy (P > 0.05). Teledermatoscopy increased the economic investment of a teledermatology facility by 2.4 times. The GP spent 1.5 times longer on dermatoscopic teleconsultations. CONCLUSIONS: Teledermatoscopy has improved the DCL, specificity and referral rates of a teledermatology-based screening system for pigmented lesions. A more detailed economic analysis remains to be performed before recommending teledermatoscopy as a routine screening procedure in pigmented-lesion clinics.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2006

Fibrillar pattern of a plantar acquired melanocytic naevus: correspondence between epiluminescence microscopy and transverse section histology.

The main epiluminescence microscopy (ELM) patterns observed on volar acquired melanocytic naevi are the parallel-furrow, the lattice-like and the fibrillar patterns. Because of the peculiar arrangement and configuration of epidermal rete ridges in the glabrous skin, the traditional histological picture does not provide an exact correlation with ELM features. In particular, the fibrillar pattern lacks a histopathological correlate. To clarify the microscopic features of the fibrillar pattern, we used transverse histological sectioning to study an acquired compound melanocytic naevus of the sole, characterized by a mixed parallel-furrow/fibrillar pattern on ELM. Low-magnification images of transverse sections allowed us to highlight the typical anatomical arrangement of the volar skin clearly, while high-magnification images demonstrated that the fibrillar pattern corresponded to parallel striae of intensely pigmented corneocytes arranged obliquely to the cutaneous surface.

Adult↗
PubMed2004

Inverted follicular keratosis simulating malignant melanoma.

A 93-year-old woman was noted to have a single pigmented lesion on the posterior aspect of her neck. Clinical examination revealed a 12 x 8-mm flat lesion, with an irregular border and variegated pigmentation. Dermatoscopic examination revealed a lesion with multiple colours, featureless areas and black dots, suggestive of malignant melanoma. With a presumed clinical diagnosis of malignant melanoma, an elliptical excision was performed, with a 1-cm margin. However, histological examination revealed the unexpected diagnosis of pigmented inverted follicular keratosis.

Aged, 80 and over↗
PubMed2006

Epiluminescence dermatoscopy enhanced patient compliance and achieved treatment success in pseudofolliculitis barbae.

SUMMARY A patient presented with recalcitrant pseudofolliculitis barbae and hypertrophic scarring. The use of epiluminescence dermatoscopy rendered clear visualization of U-shaped ingrowing hairs corresponding to the sites of individual papules. Such real-time demonstration led to an attitude change and good compliance with medical advice against over shaving, resulting in a successful treatment outcome.

Adult↗
PubMed2006

Colorimetric analysis of pigmented skin lesions: a pilot study with the Visi-Chroma VC-100 device.

BACKGROUND: Definition of the colour of pigmented skin lesions (PSLs) with the naked eye remains subjective and may be influenced by lighting. This problem underlines the usefulness of instrumental assessments such as epiluminescence microscopy and colorimetric devices. OBJECTIVE AND METHODS: We describe here a new method of colour analysis of PSLs with the Visi-Chroma VC-100 device, which illuminates the surface of the skin with white light-emitting diodes (LEDs) and analyses the reflected light by a red-green-blue (RGB) charge-coupled device (CCD) colour camera. Twenty-one PSLs to be excised for cosmetic or medical reasons were analysed by this device with clinicopathological correlation. CONCLUSIONS: This method is feasible and might be useful to assess the colour of PSLs and allow comparisons for changes over time. Further studies are needed to determine the usefulness of this device in clinical practice.

Dermoscopy↗
PubMed2005

Dermoscopic patterns of dermatofibroma.

BACKGROUND: Clinical and dermoscopic aspects of dermatofibroma (DF) are usually typical. Systematic analysis of dermoscopic features of DFs has rarely been performed. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the dermoscopic patterns of DFs and, in selected cases, the change of these patterns over time. METHODS: Dermoscopic examination was performed in 39 DFs belonging to 32 patients. In each case, the diagnosis was confirmed histopathologically. RESULTS: We identified the following three dermoscopic patterns: isolated presence of the pigment network in 31% of cases; a peripheral pigment network associated with either globules and dots or with scale crusts, and sometimes also with a more or less evident white patch, in the central area in 13% of cases; and a peripheral pigment network with a central white area in 56% of cases. CONCLUSION: The dermoscopic patterns observed in our case series may correspond to distinct sequential stages of formation, suggesting clues to understanding the pathogenesis of DF.

Adult↗