SEARCH · PubMed Health

Results for “Splints”

Explore indexed PubMed citations for clinical trials, systematic reviews and public health research. Read source abstracts and follow each citation to its original PubMed record.

Quote a phrase for an exact phrase match. Source license links do not imply unrestricted reuse.

At least 487 records · Page 27Linked to original sources

PubMed1981

Objective evaluation of a splint designed to reduce hypertonicity.

Snook's spasticity reduction splint was evaluated objectively with five severely and profoundly handicapped subjects. The force of spastic wrist flexors in pounds of pull was measured on a spring-weighted scale. Findings demonstrated that the device designed for this study was useful in measuring hypertonus; splint wearing resulted in a reduction of the passive component of muscle tone and that this reduction was related to the length of time the subjects wore splints; the effects of splint wearing were not necessarily permanent. Components that contribute to the condition of hypertonicity are discussed, as well as the implications of the study findings for occupational therapists.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1982

Plaster splinting as a means of reducing elbow flexor spasticity: a case study.

Plaster splinting was used to decrease severe elbow flexor spasticity in a patient with an upper motor neuron lesion. A series of plaster splints were applied over a period of several weeks that allowed elbow extension yet controlled the amount of flexion. The design of the splint was effective in reducing the spasticity, which was probably a result of the input from the golgi tendon organs in the spastic flexors. Initially, the splints were worn 24 hours a day. Later in the treatment process the wearing time was reduced to 12 hours at night only. Currently, the patient has voluntary, functional range in the impaired extremity.

Calcium Sulfate↗

PubMed1992

[Effects of difference of occlusal splint contacts on masticatory system].

The short-term effects of the difference of occlusal splint contacts on the jaw function were investigated on five healthy subjects. The maxillary stabilization splint (S-type) was fabricated and sectioned into three parts: an anterior section (A-type) and two posterior sections (P-type). These 3 types of splints were used for 10 days for each subject. The EMG activity of the masseter and the anterior and the posterior temporal muscles were measured during the maximum clenching in the intercuspal position and on the wearing splint. Subsequently on the bite force-measuring device with two transducers the bite and the EMG activity were measured during the maximum clenching, and the intercuspal occlusal contacts were recorded. The results were as follows: 1. After wearing the P-type, the total EMG activity during clenching in the intercuspal position was decreased, then increased after removal. 2. After wearing the S-type and the A-type the anteroposterior distribution of the bite force during clenching was changed, then returned after removal. 3. After wearing the A-type, the occlusal contact area of the anterior teeth in the intercuspal position was decreased, then increased after removal, while after wearing the S-type and the P-type that of the posterior teeth was decreased, then increased after removal.

Adult↗

PubMed1999

A new thermoplastic splint for proximal interphalangeal joint flexion contractures.

BACKGROUND: Aim of this technical note is to describe the fabrication procedure of a new thermoplastic static-progressive hand-based splint for PIP joint flexion contractures, and report its effects in the treatment of a small group of sportsmen. METHODS: The serial-static splint consists of a short metacarpal gauntlet base, with a hole for the thumb and a dorsal finger gutter that extends to the distal extremity. A low-temperature thermoplastic material, two loop fastener straps, three small pieces of self-adhesive hook fastener and cooling spray are required. The orthosis has been tested on four professional volleyball players (3 females and 1 male), aged 18-24 years, suffering from PIP joint flexion contractures after traumatic hand injuries occurred 2 to 3 months before. Patients wore the splint for 1 hour followed by 1 hour of rest (6 times per day), for 2 to 3 weeks. During the resting periods patients performed a few sets of active ROM exercises at their PIP joint. RESULTS: This new splint design demonstrated to be effective in early recovery of complete PIP joint extension and subjects resumed soon their sports activity. CONCLUSIONS: Our device is easy to fabricate and to use and comfortable for patients.

Adolescent↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Using soft splints in your dental practice.

A significant number of soft splints are fabricated by U.S. dentists every year. The efficacy of these splints is discussed, reported indications and contraindications are defined, and favorable and unfavorable characteristics reported by patients are presented. Maxillary and mandibular soft splint designs that have been found to be clinically acceptable are illustrated and an easy and rapid technique for adjusting and polishing a soft splint is proposed.

Bruxism↗

PubMed2000

Splinting teeth--a review of methodology and clinical case reports.

Splinting teeth to each other allows weakened teeth to be supported by neighbouring teeth, although the procedure can make oral hygiene procedures difficult. Several methods for splinting teeth, both extracoronal and intracoronal, as well as the materials commonly used for splinting, are described and illustrated. Two case reports are used to demonstrate the situations in which splinting might be appropriate.

Boron Compounds↗

PubMed2000

Proximal third femoral shaft fractures in children: prevention of angular deformities using bilateral Thomas splints.

This is a prospective study to look at the outcome of unilateral proximal third femoral shaft fractures in children treated with a bilateral Thomas splint in the Department of Orthopaedic Surgery Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia between the period of January 1996 and June 1998. Eighteen children aged between 2 years and 12 years old with unilateral proximal third fractures of the femoral shaft were treated using a bilateral Thomas splint. Angular deformities were measured using a goniometer metric scale before and after Thomas splints. The percentage of varus tilt corrected ranged from 17% to 72% with an average correction of 29% from the initial deformity and the difference was statistically significant (p < 0.05). The percentage of posterior tilt corrected ranged from 19% to 60% with the average correction of 20% from the initial deformity. The difference was statistically significant (p < 0.05). From this study, we conclude that bilateral Thomas splints can give a better correction of angular deformity for proximal third femoral shaft fractures in children below twelve years of age.

Child↗

PubMedDate not supplied

The effect of the occlusal splints on the treatment of temporomandibular disorders--a computerized electromyographic study of masseter and anterior temporalis muscles.

The effect of the occlusal splints on the treatment of temporomandibular disorders--a computerized electromyographic study of masseter and anterior temporalis muscles. The comprehension of the determinant factors of temporomandibular disorders is still inconclusive, since that the etiology is associated with multidisciplinary knowledge. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of the therapy with occlusal splints in patients with temporomandibular disorders by the computerized electromyography. It was selected twenty-two patients with signs and symptoms with changes of the stomatognathic system, males and females patients, with ages between 18 and 53 years old. Plane occlusal surface splints were constructed in acrylic resin and placed in each patients. Electromyographic evaluations of masseter and anterior temporalis muscles were performed during the mandibular isometric clenching before inserting and after 90, 120 and 150 days of using the occlusal splints. After 90 and 120 days of using them, they were changed by canine guidance and group function respectively. The results after the polynomial regression analysis showed that there were significant reductions (p < 0.05) in the electromyographic activity along the entire period of treatment during the mandibular isometric clenching for masseter and anterior temporalis muscles. The group function showed a shorter eletromyographic activity for both muscles.

Adolescent↗

PubMed2003

[Direct application of fiber-reinforced composites in splinting in a case of periodontitis. II].

Attachment loss through advanced periodontitis results in tooth mobility, and then loss of teeth. To prevent progression it is needed to eliminate any exciting agent and correct functional disorders in consequence of disease. Regeneration of periodontium is impossible and mastication is difficult because of tooth mobility. Long-term maintenance of mobile teeth is doubtful. We have to prevent the extraction of these teeth to stabilise them by a splint made of material that is inexpensive, reparable, provides sufficient support for the artificial tooth. Fiber-Reinforced Composite (FRC) fulfills the above requirements. In their case-reports the authors demonstrate the practical application of splinting with FRC materials. In these cases the FRC splints are not only periodontal splints but they act as orthodontic retainers or supports for an artificial tooth.

Adult↗

PubMed1992

Acupuncture and occlusal splint therapy in the treatment of craniomandibular disorders. Part I. A comparative study.

One hundred and ten patients, 23 males and 87 females, participated in a comparative study of the effect of acupuncture and occlusal splint therapy. All the patients exhibited signs and symptoms of craniomandibular disorders (CMD) and had had pain for more than six months. The participants were randomly assigned to three groups; acupuncture treatment, occlusal splint therapy or control. The patients were evaluated before and immediately after treatment/control time. Ten different subjective and/or clinical assessment variables were used in the evaluation of the treatment effects. Both acupuncture and occlusal splint therapy reduced the symptoms as compared with the control group in which the symptoms remained essentially unchanged. In this short-term study, acupuncture gave better subjective results (p < 0.001) than the occlusal splint therapy.

Acetaminophen↗

PubMed2004

Traction splint. An EMS relic?

Traction splints have been used in EMS for more than 40 years. However, they were originally designed for the treatment of femoral fractures -- not temporary stabilization. Multisystem trauma and other injuries contraindicate traction splint usage for many femoral fractures. Thus, with the relatively low usage of the traction splint, it may be time to revisit guidelines that require traction splints on every ambulance and rescue vehicle. They may be, in essence, an EMS relic we may want to part with.

Ambulances↗

PubMed2005

[Effect of occlusal therapy with FRC splint on periodontal parameters in maintenance phase].

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the changes of the periodontal parameters of mobile, but splinted teeth with intracoronal fiber reinforced composite and compare to non-mobile teeth in maintenance phase. We splinted 73 teeth (29 non-mobile, 44 mobile) in 18 cases. The periodontal parameters - probing depth, gingival index (Loe-Silness, 1964), plaque index (Silness-Loe, 1965) - were monitored clinically immediately, 1 year and 2 years after complete periodontal treatment. There were scored 69 treated teeth after 1 year and 37 treated teeth after 2 years. Statistical comparisons were performed using Wilcoxon test for two related parameters and Mann-Whitney U test for two independent parameters in the software package SPSS 11.0 for Windows (SPSS, Chicago, IL, USA). There was not mobility recorded at splinted teeth neither after treatment immediately nor at recall visits. The periodontal parameters demonstrated no significant changes of probing depth (-0,08 +/- 0,41, 0,05 +/- 0,51) and gingival index (-0,32 +/- 0,79, -0,32 +/- 0,75) 1 and 2 years after complete therapy. There was significant decrease in plaque index (-0,77 +/- 0,43, -0,36 +/- 0,55) measured at recall visits. No significant differences were detected between the mobile and the non-mobile groups in all parameters. No significant correlation between changes of gingival index and plaque index was determined. The intracoronal FRC splint do not obstruct the individual and professional oral hygiene. The stabilize of mobile teeth allow the same healing like a non-mobile teeth.

Adult↗

PubMed2005

Stabilization splint therapy for the treatment of temporomandibular myofascial pain: a systematic review.

The aim of this review is to establish the effectiveness of stabilization splint (SS) therapy in reducing symptoms in patients with myofascial pain. Searching of electronic databases, handsearching of relevant key journals, and screening of reference lists of included studies were undertaken. There was no language restriction, and unpublished research was sought. The selection criteria were randomized controlled trials comparing splint therapy to either no treatment or another active treatment. Data extraction and validity assessment were carried out independently and in duplicate. Studies were grouped according to treatment type. Twenty potentially relevant Randomized Controlled Trials (RCTs) were identified. Only twelve met the inclusion criteria. There is insufficient evidence either for or against the use of stabilization splint therapy over other active interventions for the treatment of temporomandibular myofascial pain. However, it appears that stabilization splint therapy may be beneficial for reducing pain severity at rest and on palpation and depression when compared to no treatment. The authors suggested the need for well conducted RCTs that pay attention to method of allocation, blind outcome assessment, sample size, and duration of follow-up. Various measures were adopted to assess the outcomes of treatment. Standardization of the methods used to measure outcomes of the treatment of myofascial pain should be established in future RCTs.

Acupuncture Therapy↗

PubMed2005

Temporomandibular dysfunction and repositioning splint therapy.

AIM: The purpose of this paper is assess the effectiveness of repositioning splint therapy in the treatment of Temporomandibular dysfunction (TMD). MATERIALS AND METHODS: 464 patients with TMD, characterized by an internal derangement and other symptoms including, but not limited to, jaw locking, pain to palpation, headaches, and crepitus, were treated with an anterior repositioning splint to recapture the disc, followed by a superior repositioning splint to allow the muscles to "seat" the condlyles in the fossae. RESULTS: 90% of the patients experienced a remission of the symptoms and were treated to a generally pain free, functionally satisfactory state. CONCLUSION: The response to treatment noted in the 464 patients indicate that repositioning splint therapy is an effective treatment modality for temporomandibular disorders.

Dental Occlusion↗

PubMed1992

Splints and accessories following burn reconstruction.

Splints, exercise, traction, and compression garments are commonly accepted methods to minimize disabling scar formation. Although burn rehabilitation treatment has improved over the past 10 years, there is still no overnight cure for scars and contracture. The extent and depth of the burn injury, emotional strength and patience of the burn victim, and support systems available play an important role in scar treatment. Scar contracture is a frustrating complication for the recovering patient and burn team. Surgical reconstruction to correct functional impairment is often needed before wound maturation is complete. Splints are usually part of the postoperative treatment plan. When this is the case, patient understanding, compliance, motivation, and comfort are important to assure splint effectiveness. The treatments reviewed are specific for scar contracture limiting function of the upper body. Although they were presented as treatment of neck, mouth, axilla, and hand contractures, many of the principles and materials can be used after burn reconstruction of the lower extremities. Regardless of the area treated, assessment of patients is important to determine their specific needs in splint design.

Axilla↗

PubMed2006

Effectiveness of oral hygiene protocol in patients with post-traumatic splinting.

AIM: In dental trauma with severe periodontal tissue involvement, as dental avulsion and severe luxation, the splinting procedure requires the patient to maintain a scrupulous hygiene of the affected zone, so to allow an effective tissue healing. The aim of this study was to assess the effectiveness of a specific oral hygiene protocol in the treatment of patients with post-traumatic splinting, comparing the plaque indexes of dental hygienist-helped patients versus not helped. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This study was carried out on 82 selected patients with post-traumatic splinting due to traumatic avulsion and severe luxation. They were divided into 2 groups, comparable for age, sex, type of trauma and splinting. The group A patients underwent an oral hygiene protocol, managed by a dental hygienist, while the group B patients were followed without the help of the hygienist. Plaque indexes were observed and compared in all cases during 6 weeks-follow up. RESULTS: Our results showed that at the 6th week follow up the plaque indexes of dental hygienist-assisted traumatized patients were significantly (p=0.001) lower than those of not assisted patients. CONCLUSION: Therefore, the role of dental hygienists is essential in the management of dental trauma with periodontal damage, which needs specific oral hygiene protocols.

Adolescent↗

PubMedDate not supplied

[Wire/composite splinting of traumatically injured permanent teeth].

For splinting traumatically loosened and/or reimplanter remaining front teeth wire splints are used which are fixed by means of composite substance, gluing technique. Kinds of employed splints are disclosed and the steps of the practical carrying out of splinting are described. Indications, advantages and disadvantages of its employment are discussed.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1990

Control of vertical position of the maxilla in orthognathic surgery: clinical application of the sandwich splint.

The Le Fort I osteotomy can be used to change the position of the maxilla in all three dimensions. A presurgically fabricated occlusal splint is used to reproduce the planned sagittal and transverse position of the maxilla. Various methods for determining the proper vertical position have been described. The major difficulty in vertical control when these techniques are used is the sagittal change of the lower reference point as the maxilla is advanced. The relative error in the vertical plane increases with larger sagittal movements. The sandwich splint technique, with two stable intraoral reference points, can be used to ensure proper vertical positioning of the maxilla. This method enables exact measurement of the vertical dimension during cast surgery and in the operating room. Vertical measurements are based on the relationship between the mandible and skull base. This distance remains constant during splint fabrication and when the splint is used at surgery. Postoperatively, the mandible can be rotated into the new centric occlusion.

Dental Occlusion, Centric↗