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At least 487 records · Page 27Linked to original sources
PubMed1992

Trends in the association of Lambert-Eaton myasthenic syndrome with carcinoma.

The Lambert-Eaton myasthenic syndrome (LEMS) is often associated with carcinoma. The exact number of patients with tumor has been reported to be as high as 70%. Recent clinical experience suggests that the actual number of patients with tumor may be substantially lower. We combined data from the clinical experience of the neuromuscular services at West Virginia University and the University of Virginia to determine the rate of occurrence of cancer in this disorder. We identified 28 patients with LEMS, and 14 had cancer. There is a distinct trend for a lower tumor frequency over the past decade, which suggests that the clinical manifestations of the disease may be changing.

Adult↗
PubMed2003

Epidural labor analgesia for a patient with disseminated lymphangiomatosis.

IMPLICATIONS: We describe a case of a parturient with disseminated lymphangiomatosis involving the thorax, retroperitoneum, and lumbar vertebrae who received epidural labor analgesia. Clinical presentations vary depending on the organ systems involved, the extent of the disease, and the stage of pregnancy. Anesthetic implications are discussed.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

A simple isocentric technique for irradiation of the breast, chest wall and peripheral lymphatics.

The major problem with the standard technique for irradiation of the breast or chest wall and peripheral lymphatics is field matching at the junction between the supraclavicular and tangential fields. Overdosing or under-dosing across the junctions is unavoidable because of beam divergence. Various techniques using a half-blocked supraclavicular field in conjunction with special tangential fields have been introduced recently to eliminate the junction problem; they are, however, complicated, involving couch motions and machine isocentre repositioning when changing from the supraclavicular to the tangential fields. The breast treatment technique which we have used over the past twelve months utilises a supraclavicular half-blocked field, two tangential half-blocked fields and an optional posterior axillary field. The technique is simple and easy to set up since the same machine isocentre is used for all treatment fields and no couch movement or patient repositioning is required. The same half-block collimator which is used to define the caudad border of the supraclavicular field is used to define the cephalad edges of the two tangential fields. The margin of error of treatment is reduced and the dose measurements demonstrate excellent dose homogeneity through the entire treatment volume with no overdose or underdose at the field junction.

Breast Neoplasms↗
PubMed1990

Radiological features of extraskeletal Ewing sarcoma.

The radiological features of extraskeletal Ewing sarcoma were reviewed in 22 patients whose average age was 22 years. Tumours were located in the extremities (11 patients), abdomen or pelvis (six patients) and the chest (five patients). The tumours ranged in size from 2 cm to 20 cm, were mainly well circumscribed and showed no evidence of calcification prior to treatment. Most tumours (13 out of 14) were of low attenuation or contained areas of lower attenuation than muscle on computed tomographic examination, and in six out of seven patients studied by ultrasound the tumours were hypoechoic or partly anechoic. No distinctive post-contrast medium enhancement pattern on CT examination (11 patients) or angiographic features (three patients) were evident. Tumour haemorrhage was a frequent microscopic finding and changes consistent with this were present in one patient on magnetic resonance imaging examination. Distant metastases or local recurrence developed in 13 patients with lung being the most frequent metastatic site (eight patients). Although its radiological features are non-specific, extraskeletal Ewing sarcoma should be included in the differential diagnosis of noncalcified soft-tissue tumours especially in a young age group and where located in an extremity or paravertebral region of the chest.

Abdominal Neoplasms↗
PubMed1991

The value of repeated chest radiographs in the follow-up of patients with germ cell testicular tumours.

Patients with germ cell testicular tumours customarily have repeated follow-up chest radiographs after treatment. This study assesses the contribution of chest radiography to the detection of recurrent disease in 162 patients. Six patients developed an intrathoracic recurrence, but in only one case was the chest radiography the only indication of recurrence. Five had other evidence to suggest recurrence, such as raised serum markers or palpable masses. The yield from follow-up chest radiographs in patients with germ cell testicular tumours is very low and their use must be balanced against both the harmful effects of radiation and the financial cost.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2006

Extra-axial chordoma.

A chordoma which occurs as a primary tumour outside the axial skeleton is known as an extra-axial chordoma, parachordoma or chordoma periphericum. It is extremely rare and therefore survival, recurrence and the rates of metastasis are not known. Whilst few recurrences have been described, the extra-axial chordoma has the potential for late recurrence at up to 12 years. Metastases are even less frequent. We report the case of a 56-year-old woman who developed an extra-axial chordoma of the right thoracic wall in close relationship with the tenth rib. The tumour was completely removed and the prognosis is excellent.

Chordoma↗
PubMed1993

Synchronous carcinoma and soft-tissue sarcoma. The importance of searching for incidental radiation exposure.

A 68-year-old woman was found to have synchronous soft-tissue sarcoma of the anterior chest wall and adenocarcinoma of the breast. During her initial interview, she denied prior radiation therapy. On further questioning, it was learned that the patient had been treated for tuberculosis, as a young woman, by the induction of a pneumothorax that was monitored by repeated chest fluoroscopies. Biologically important doses of ionizing radiation can be given as an incidental part of a variety of medical treatments. The importance of searching for atypical radiation exposures, particularly in patients with unusual tumor presentations, is stressed.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1994

Association of increased prostaglandin E2 content in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid and intrathoracic malignancy.

Prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), a metabolite of arachidonic acid, plays an important role in immunoregulation. We have previously reported an increased PGE2 content in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) in 18 patients who had primary lung cancer as compared with 6 patients who had benign lung diseases and 10 normal smokers. In this article, we report our further observation, including additional 73 patients with primary lung cancer, 11 patients who had carcinoma other than lung cancer with and without lung metastases, and 24 patients with various benign lung diseases. Prostaglandin E2 content of BALF in patients with primary lung cancer and patients with extrathoracic cancer with lung metastases was markedly increased to 283.7 +/- 423.8 and 278.3 +/- 303.4 pg/ml, respectively. In contrast, patients who had extrathoracic cancer without lung metastases and patients with benign lung diseases had PGE2 content in BALF of 22.6 +/- 6.6 and 27.2 +/- 12.4 pg/ml, respectively. Values between the subgroups of patients with lung cancer (primary and metastatic) and patients with benign diseases or extrathoracic cancer without lung metastasis were significantly different (p < .001). Follow up of eight patients who successfully underwent surgical resection of cancer showed decreased levels of PGE2 in all but two patients. Although the exact cause and mechanism of the observed increase of PGE2 in BALF of patients with lung cancer are not clear at this point, current study together with our previous observations clearly indicates that the presence of lung cancer, both primary and metastatic, is associated with an elevated PGE2 content of BALF. The clinical significance of this observation is not known. However, an increased amount of PGE2 in BALF might adversely affect the course of lung cancer, because PGE2 is a down regulator of immune response against infection and neoplasm. Further investigations into the mechanism(s) and the role of PGE2 in BALF are warranted.

Aged↗
PubMed1994

Lateral approach for anterior thoracic spinal lesions.

A lateral approach, consisting of a modified transversectomy, hemilaminectomy, and adequate transversectomy with costectomy of 7-8 cm, was used to treat four cases of anterior or anterolateral thoracic lesions, including two cases of thoracic disc herniations, one of thoracic meningioma, and one of hypertrophic pachymeningitis. All patients presented with gait disturbance, but recovered well postoperatively except for one who needed rehabilitation of the lower extremities. This approach provides a greater access to the anterior thoracic canal, and can achieve effective anterior decompression, and a good outcome for thoracic spinal disease if recognized early.

Female↗
PubMed1999

Sternal splitting approach to upper thoracic lesions located anterior to the spinal cord.

The sternal splitting approach for upper thoracic lesions located anterior to the spinal cord is described. The sternal splitting approach can be effectively applied to lesions from the T-1 to T-3 levels. The aortic arch prevents procedures below this level. The approach is straight toward the T1-3 vertebral bodies and provides good surgical orientation. The sternal splitting approach was applied to five patients with metastatic spinal tumors at the C7-T3 levels and three patients with ossification of the posterior longitudinal ligament at the T1-3 levels. No postoperative neurological deterioration occurred. Two patients had postoperative hoarseness. The sternal splitting approach to the upper thoracic spine is recommended for hard lesions, extensive lesions requiring radical resection, and lesions requiring postoperative stabilization with spinal instrumentation.

Adult↗
PubMed2006

Recurrent ovarian cancer: spectrum of imaging findings.

OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this article is to show the appearance of atypical sites of metastasis in patients with recurrent ovarian cancer. CONCLUSION: Metastatic disease from ovarian cancer outside of the peritoneal cavity is generally rare at presentation but is increasingly seen in patients who have recurrent disease, despite multiple therapies. It is important for radiologists to recognize atypical sites of metastasis in patients with recurrent ovarian cancer to facilitate earlier diagnosis and treatment.

Abdominal Neoplasms↗