SEARCH · PubMed Health

Results for “Biometry”

Explore indexed PubMed citations for clinical trials, systematic reviews and public health research. Read source abstracts and follow each citation to its original PubMed record.

Quote a phrase for an exact phrase match. Source license links do not imply unrestricted reuse.

At least 703 records · Page 39Linked to original sources

PubMed2006

Laser peripheral iridotomy in primary angle-closure suspects: biometric and gonioscopic outcomes: the Liwan Eye Study.

PURPOSE: To assess the immediate effect of laser peripheral iridotomy (LPI) and mechanisms of angle closure in a population-based study of primary angle closure (PAC) suspects. DESIGN: Prospective interventional study. PARTICIPANTS: People identified as PAC suspects aged 50 to 79 years from a population-based survey in Guangzhou, China. INTERVENTION: Laser peripheral iridotomy was performed in 1 randomly selected eye. Examinations were carried out before and 2 weeks after the intervention. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Intraocular pressure (IOP), ultrasound biometry, optical pachymetry, and gonioscopy. RESULTS: A total of 72 people with bilateral suspected PAC participated in the study. Mean IOP decreased by 3 mmHg (P<0.001), but axial anterior chamber depth did not change significantly (P = 0.784) after LPI. Median limbal anterior chamber depth increased from 15% to 25% of peripheral corneal thickness (P<0.001, Wilcoxon signed-rank test). Median iridotrabecular angle width increased from 0 degrees to 10 degrees in the superior quadrant and from 10 degrees to 30 degrees in the inferior quadrant (P<0.001). Nevertheless, 14 eyes (19.4%) still had 3 or more quadrants in which the posterior (usually pigmented) trabecular meshwork could not be seen after laser iridotomy. CONCLUSIONS: This study confirms that LPI results in a significant increase in the angle width in Chinese people with narrow angles. However, one fifth of eyes had residual angle closure after LPI. Although this report confirms that iridotomy widens the anterior chamber angle in most PAC suspects, long-term prospective studies with a larger sample size are required to determine if the risks of PAC glaucoma and other related pathologic sequelae are reduced after prophylactic LPI and to investigate the risk-to-benefit ratio before recommending widespread use of prophylactic LPI in this population.

Aged↗

PubMed2005

Longitudinal changes of optical aberrations in normal and form-deprived myopic chick eyes.

We performed measurements of refraction (with retinoscopy), axial length (with ultrasound biometry) and ocular aberrations (with a custom-built Hartmann-Shack aberrometer) on seven awake White-Leghorn chicks occluded monolaterally with diffusers for two weeks. Treatment started on the first day after hatching (day 0) and measurements were conducted on several days between day 0 and 13. Non-occluded eyes experienced normal emmetropization (decreasing hyperopia at 0.2 +/- 0.09 D/day and increasing axial length at 0.05 +/- 0.03 mm/day), while occluded eyes developed axial myopia (1.50 +/- 0.2 D/day and 0.12 +/- 0.02 mm/day). Interocular differences in refraction and axial length by day 13 were on average 17.43 D and 0.86 mm, respectively. Monochromatic high order aberrations decreased with age in both eyes. Average RMS (for 1.5 mm pupil diameter) decreased from 0.11 +/- 0.03 at day 0 to 0.06 +/- 0.03 microm (day 13) in occluded eyes, and from 0.12 +/- 0.05 to 0.03 +/- 0.01 microm in non-occluded eyes. MTF-based optical quality metrics also show an improvement with age. However, while this improvement occurs in both eyes, after day 8 myopic eyes tend to show significantly higher amounts of aberrations (and consequently worse best-corrected optical quality) than normal eyes. The degradation imposed by aberrations is small compared to that imposed by defocus and the diffuser. These results suggest a decrease of aberrations during development which does not seem to be visually guided. Myopic eyes showed slightly worse optical quality than normal eyes, suggesting that the geometrical changes resulting from excessive ocular axial growth also affect the optical quality of the ocular components.

Animals↗

PubMed1997

Research design and methods of quantitative synthesis of medical evidence.

OBJECTIVE: To review the scientific principles, strengths, and limitations of research designs and methods of quantitative synthesis of medical evidence. DATA SOURCES: We used MEDLINE to perform a systematic search for literature using the keywords research design, epidemiology, and biometry. Journals searched included six major journals in obstetrics and gynecology and three in general medicine. These sources were supplemented with texts and reviews from the general medical literature. METHODS OF STUDY SELECTION: We reviewed the publications identified by our search and evaluated critically the relevant reports. We summarized objectives and scientific guidelines for the common research methodologies and outlined their advantages and disadvantages. TABULATION, INTEGRATION, AND RESULTS: The standard of clinical research design is the randomized controlled trial (RCT), which, if performed with sufficient methodologic rigor, is least likely to have serious biases. Cohort, case-control, and cross-sectional studies are common observational studies used in reproductive health; such observational studies are more susceptible to biases that can distort the researcher's results and conclusions. Descriptive studies such as case series and case reports are often interesting as clinical vignettes but have limited scientific merit. Methods for quantitative synthesis of medical evidence, including meta-analysis, decision analysis, and cost-effectiveness analysis are being used with increased frequency in the reproductive health literature to summarize medical evidence. CONCLUSION: Various research methods have their own inherent advantages and disadvantages. An understanding of the scientific principles of these methods will enable the clinician to evaluate medical evidence critically.

Biometry↗

PubMed1985

Analysis of intraocular lens power calculation.

We performed an analysis of ocular biometry and intraocular lens (IOL) power calculation on 100 eyes that had anterior chamber IOL implantation during 1981 and 1982. Various methods of calculating the IOL power were used, including the standard lens power, presurgical basic refraction, Fyodorov's formula, Colenbrander's formula, Binkhorst's formula, and the SRK formula. In addition, we took the median value of these calculated results as the median power in selecting an appropriate IOL power. The postoperative refraction and actually implanted IOL power were used to determine the IOL power needed for emmetropia. Our regression analysis of the predicted IOL power and power actually needed for emmetropia showed that the methods of standard power and presurgical basic refraction were unreliable while the rest were of satisfactory accuracy. Among the latter, all the predicted IOL powers based on the biometric data had almost the same coefficient of determination and standard error of estimate. However, with the SRK formula and the median power the values of the regression line were closest to the ideal value. With the regression analysis, the accuracy of predicted IOL power from theoretical formulas was comparable to that of the SRK regression formula.

Aged↗

PubMed2003

Doppler flow velocity to measure the redistribution of fetal cardiac output in fetal stress.

The pathophysiologic continuum of poor uterine and placental blood flow associated with fetal growth restriction has to be considered the major cause of poor birth outcomes. The main attention in this context is drawn to the possibilities of an early diagnosis of imminent fetal compromise prior to and under delivery. With regard to this, the detection of a reduced fetal oxygen saturation (fetal stress) plays a crucial role, whereas an acute incident causing fetal hypoxemia has to be differentiated from a chronic hypoxemic condition. An acute hypoxemia under delivery is best detected by cardiotocography. Due to its infrequent and unpredictable occurrence, an acute antenatal hypoxemia usually escapes common surveillance methods. Fetal biometry and pulsed Doppler sonography are to be considered the most suitable methods to diagnose chronic hypoxemic fetal conditions. The interrogation of a combination of peripheral and central vessels allow the sonologist to characterize the extend of a progressively deteriorating oxygen supply. However, this correlation is not yet completely understood. Therefore, clinical consequences still have to be drawn by cardiotocographic findings indicating a global cardiac decompensation.

Biometry↗

PubMed1999

Sonographic measurement of the umbilical cord and fetal anthropometric parameters.

OBJECTIVE: To determine reference ranges for the diameter and the cross-sectional area of the umbilical cord during pregnancy and to determine if umbilical cord morphometry is related to fetal size. METHODS: A prospective cross-sectional study was designed to assess the sonographic cross-sectional diameter and area of the umbilical cord. The sonographic umbilical cord measurements were obtained in a plane adjacent to the insertion of the cord into the fetal abdomen. Nomograms for the umbilical cord diameter and area were computed. Fetal biometry included: biparietal diameter, abdominal circumference, and femur length. Polynomial regression analysis was conducted. RESULTS: Five hundred and fifty seven patients were included into the study. The regression equation for the umbilical cord diameter (y) according to gestational age (x) was y=-10.0563+1.4265x+0.0194x2 and for the umbilical cord area (y') was y'=91.6-3.3x+0.03x2-0.00007x3. A significant relationship was found between umbilical cord measurements and fetal anthropometric parameters. CONCLUSION: Reference ranges for umbilical cord diameter and area have been generated. The sonographic diameter and cross-sectional area of the umbilical cord increase as a function of gestational age and both diameter and area correlate with fetal size.

Anthropometry↗

PubMed2002

Immersion A-scan compared with partial coherence interferometry: outcomes analysis.

PURPOSE: To compare 2 methods of axial length measurement, immersion ultrasonography and partial coherence interferometry, and to elucidate surgical outcomes based on immersion measurements. SETTING: Oregon Eye Institute, Eugene, Oregon, USA. METHODS: Axial length measurements in 50 cataractous eyes were obtained by optical biometry (IOLMaster, Zeiss Humphrey Systems) and immersion ultrasound (Axis II, Quantel Medical), and the results were compared. Intraocular lens (IOL) power calculations in the same eyes after cataract extraction and posterior chamber IOL implantation were evaluated retrospectively based on the postoperative spherical equivalent prediction error. RESULTS: Immersion ultrasonography and partial coherence interferometry measurements correlated in a highly positive manner (correlation coefficient = 0.996). Outcomes analysis demonstrated 92.0% of eyes were within +/-0.5 diopter of emmetropia based on immersion axial length measurements. CONCLUSION: Immersion ultrasonography provided highly accurate axial length measurements and permitted highly accurate IOL power calculations.

Biometry↗

PubMed2003

Comparison of anterior chamber depth measurement methods in phakic and pseudophakic eyes.

PURPOSE: To compare anterior chamber depth (ACD) measurements in phakic and pseudophakic eyes using a slit-beam photographic technique (IOLMaster, Carl Zeiss Meditec AG) with those obtained with the laboratory prototype version of partial coherence interferometry (PCI) and with conventional applanation ultrasound in phakic eyes. SETTING: Department of Ophthalmology, Vienna General Hospital, Vienna University, Vienna, Austria. METHODS: Thirty-three ACDs of 28 patients with age-related cataract were measured preoperatively with a slit-beam photographic technique (IOLMaster) and the prototype version of PCI. In 24 eyes, the ACD was also assessed with applanation ultrasound. In addition, 34 ACDs of 18 pseudophakic patients in a different study population were examined postoperatively with the IOLMaster and PCI. RESULTS: The median ACD in the phakic eyes was 3.06 mm (range 1.93 to 3.90 mm) with the IOLMaster, 3.09 mm with PCI (range 1.49 to 4.06 mm), and 2.87 mm (range 2.18 to 3.33 mm) with applanation ultrasound. The precision was 0.005 mm for PCI and 0.015 mm for IOLMaster measurement. The median difference between the IOLMaster and PCI ACD biometry was 0.01 mm +/- 0.14 (SD) (range -0.44 to 0.17 mm) (P =.71). In pseudophakic eyes, the 2 methods showed a median difference of -0.22 mm (range -0.45 to 1.99 mm) (P >.1) and did not correlate (r = 0.21; P >.2). CONCLUSIONS: In phakic eyes, the difference between IOLMaster and PCI measurements was small and not statistically significant. In pseudophakic eyes, the difference was larger and the methods did not correlate.

Anterior Chamber↗

PubMed2003

Determining postoperative anterior chamber depth.

PURPOSE: To compare measured and calculated postoperative anterior chamber depths (ACDs). SETTING: Department of Ophthalmology and Institute of Medical Physics, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria, and Department of Ophthalmology, University of Mainz, Mainz, Germany. METHODS: The postoperative ACD was measured in 189 pseudophakic eyes using a laboratory prototype of partial coherence interferometry (PCI). In 6 intraocular lens (IOL) groups, the mean ACD was calculated by ray tracing based on the best-known A-constants of the SRK formulas. In addition, for each IOL type, each measured ACD was compared with a value calculated using the individual spherical equivalent of the postoperative refraction. RESULTS: The measured and the calculated ACD values were close and did not show systematic differences. The ACD values obtained in the study, however, differed significantly from the values published by the IOL manufacturers. A comparison of the PCI-assessed ACDs and the calculated values using the postoperative refraction showed more scattered results for the refraction-based data, which was probably the result of higher measurement errors with the autorefractometer than with PCI. CONCLUSIONS: High-precision interferometry measurements and ray-tracing calculations confirmed each other. The resulting mean ACD values should be used instead of the manufacturers' values. The refractive outcome of cataract surgery can be improved by combining preoperative high-precision PCI biometry and numerical ray tracing for IOL power calculations.

Anterior Chamber↗

PubMed1990

Theoretical versus SRK I and SRK II calculation of intraocular lens power.

The predictability of a theoretical, computerized (PC-assisted) intraocular lens (IOL) power calculation method and of the Sanders-Retzlaff-Kraff [SRK] I and II methods was evaluated from preoperative and postoperative biometry in 202 cataractous patients who had extracapsular cataract extraction (ECCE). The theoretical method resulted in the lowest range and standard deviation of the error, and the highest correlation coefficient between the observed and the predicted refraction (P less than .05). The superiority of the theoretical approach was most clearly demonstrated when the postoperative measurements were used in the predictions (P less than .001). This demonstrated the potential accuracy of the formula used and the importance of incorporating methods to predict the IOL position after surgery. If the prediction of the IOL chamber depth was properly corrected for the axial length dependence, a high prediction accuracy could be obtained in short as well as in long eyes.

Adult↗

PubMed1992

Sources of error in intraocular lens power calculation.

The hypothesis that the minimum error in predicted refraction after implantation of an intraocular lens (IOL) of calculated power is the sum of the random error in (1) the measurement of the axial length, (2) the measurement of the corneal power, and (3) the estimation of the pseudophakic anterior chamber depth (ACD) is proposed. Based on preoperative and postoperative biometry of 584 IOL implantations, 54% of the error was attributed to axial length errors, 8% to corneal power errors, and 38% to errors in the estimation of the postoperative ACD, when a fixed ACD was used in the IOL calculations. However, if the ACD was predicted according to a previously described regression method, the contribution of error from the ACD source was reduced to 22%, thereby reducing the total refractive prediction error from +/- 1.03 diopters (D) (+/- SD) to +/- 0.92 D (+/- SD). These predictions accord with clinical results.

Adult↗

PubMed1989

Comparison of contact and immersion techniques for axial length measurement and implant power calculation.

The contact technique for ultrasound biometry was compared to the immersion technique. One hundred eyes were measured by both methods. Two groups were created based upon the axial length measurement: a group of 46 short eyes (axial length less than 23.3 mm) and a group of 54 long eyes (axial length greater than 23.3 mm). In each group the different types of measurement influenced the results obtained for the anterior chamber depth and the axial length of these eyes such that the contact technique yielded shorter measuring values than the immersion technique. In considering both methods, the difference in the anterior chamber depth and the axial length was smaller in the first group. Shorter measurements produced stronger intraocular lens power, which is equivalent to the axial length shortening by using the contact technique. The effect on the implant power calculation and the postoperative deviation of the pseudophakos refraction is shown by comparing the theoretical formula with the SRK formula. This prospective study describes the greater range of refractive pseudophakos deviation when using the contact method.

Anterior Chamber↗

PubMed2003

Five-year risk of progression of primary angle closure to primary angle closure glaucoma: a population-based study.

OBJECTIVE: To report the 5-year progression to primary angle closure glaucoma (PACG) in a population-based cohort of primary angle closure (PAC) subjects. METHODS: A total of 37 patients diagnosed as PAC during a population-based study in 1995 were invited for re-examination in 2000. Patients underwent a complete ophthalmic examination including ocular biometry. Progression to PACG was based on optic disc damage and field defects on automated perimetry. RESULTS: In all, 28 of 32 PAC subjects who could be contacted presented for examination. Eight (28.5%; 95% CI 12-45%) had progressed to PACG; two of seven with appositional and six of 21 with synechial closure. All were advised laser peripheral iridotomy (LPI) in 1995; one of the nine who underwent LPI progressed compared to seven of 19 who refused LPI. Four of those originally diagnosed with appositional closure developed peripheral anterior synechiae. One eye of a person previously diagnosed with appositional PAC was reclassified as a primary angle closure suspect (PACS). There was no significant difference in biometric parameters between those who progressed and those who did not. None developed acute PACG or blindness due to glaucoma. CONCLUSION: In this population-based study of primary angle closure, the 5-year incidence of PACG was eight patients (28.5%; 95% CI 12-45%). We were unable to identify any features that predicted progression.

Biometry↗

PubMed2000

Echographic study of extraocular muscle thickness in children and adults.

BACKGROUND: Echobiometric evaluation of extraocular muscles in normal subjects has been performed previously, but only in adults. We determined extraocular muscle thickness in normal subjects in three age groups. METHODS: Extraocular muscle thickness was studied in 75 normal subjects divided into three age groups (5-10, 11-15 and 28-37 years) using a Biovision B-scan-S instrument in standardized A-mode (frequency, 10 MHz; biometry resolution, 0.15 mm; depth, 40-60 mm; points on X axis, 512; levels on Y axis, 256). All measurements were performed by the same operator and repeated five times. The reproducibility of the technique was determined using the coefficient of variation. The one-way ANOVA test was used to compare the three groups, and the two-tailed unpaired t-test was used to compare subjects aged 5-10 years and those aged 11-15 years, and subjects aged 11-15 years with those aged 28-37 years. RESULTS: The technique showed good reproducibility. In subjects 5-10 years old, the coefficient of variation was 8%; in subjects 11-15 years and 28-37 years old, it was 5%. Increased muscle thickness was observed with age (p < 0.001). A statistically significant difference between the medial and inferior recti muscles in subjects 11-15 years and 28-37 years old was found (p < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS: The increased thickness of all recti muscles may be influenced by growth (primarily during puberty), and the variations in thickness of the extraocular muscles may be attributable to near-vision stimulus of the inferior and medial recti muscles.

Adolescent↗

PubMed2000

The influence of retinopathy of prematurity on ocular growth.

PURPOSE: Retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) stage 3 eyes that require treatment have a greater tendency to myopia compared with eyes with mild ROP. As the mechanisms controlling this myopia are as yet ill understood, we undertook this study to investigate what effect the initial stage of ROP and modality of treatment had on ocular growth. METHODS: Eighty-five children were assessed. All children were refracted and underwent 'through-the-lid' biometry using the Zeiss Humphrey biometer 820. The printout obtained was then recorded on video so that the scan could be captured on computer for formal calibration and measurement by a masked observer. Differences in the distribution of variables between the stages of ROP were analysed by one-way analysis of variance, non-parametric Kruskal-Wallis one-way analysis of variance or Mann-Whitney U-test as appropriate. RESULTS: A difference between the stages of ROP was apparent only for posterior segment length (PSL) (R: p = 0.03; L: p = 0.05) and a borderline difference for anterior chamber depth (ACD) (R: p = 0.06; L: p = 0.06). However, if stage 3 was divided into categories of treated and untreated, axial length (AL) achieved borderline significance (R: p = 0.07; L: p = 0.05) but with no difference between laser-treated and the other stages for AL. Lens thickness (LT) also appears to be influenced by type of treatment (R: p = 0.06; L: p = 0.13). Myopia was associated with stage 3 (R + L: p = 0.0001) and if stage 3 was subdivided the significance was maintained only for the laser- and cryotherapy-treated eyes. CONCLUSIONS: Laser-treated eyes were less myopic than those treated with cryotherapy. AL does not explain all the myopia found in stage 3 treated eyes. The study confirms the tendency towards anterior segment arrest in stage 3 ROP.

Biometry↗

PubMed2006

Intraocular lens power calculation using ray tracing following excimer laser surgery.

PURPOSE: To evaluate intraocular lens (IOL) power calculation using ray tracing in patients presenting with cataract after excimer laser surgery. METHODS: Ten eyes of seven consecutive patients who presented for cataract surgery following excimer laser treatment without any pre-refractive biometry data were enrolled in this prospective clinical study. Preoperatively, IOL power calculation was performed using a ray tracing software called OKULIX. Keratometry data (C-Scan) were imported and axial length (IOLMaster) was entered manually. Accuracy of IOL power calculation was investigated by subtracting attempted and achieved spherical equivalent. RESULTS: Mean spherical equivalent was -3.51+/-2.77 D (range -10.38 to -0.5 D) preoperatively and -1.01+/-1.08 D (range -2.5 to +0.75 D) postoperatively. Mean error was 0.31+/-0.84 D, mean absolute error was 0.74+/-0.46 D, and IOL calculation errors ranged from -1.39 to +1.47 D. A total of 40% of eyes were within +/-0.5 D, 70% within +/-1.0 D, and 100% within +/-1.5 D. Three eyes with corneal radii over 10 mm showed calculation errors exceeding +/-1.0 D. Mean best-corrected visual acuity increased from 20/60 to 20/30 postoperatively. CONCLUSIONS: IOL power calculation after excimer laser surgery can be difficult, especially when pre-refractive keratometry values are not available. In these cases, ray tracing combined with corneal topography measurements provides reliable and satisfactory postoperative results. However, it is advisable to be careful when calculating IOL power for eyes with corneal radii exceeding 10 mm because of slightly higher prediction errors.

Aged↗

PubMed2006

An evaluation of the darkroom prone provocative test in family members of primary angle closure glaucoma patients.

PURPOSE: To compare ocular biometric parameters with darkroom prone provocative test (DRPPT) in family members of primary angle closure glaucoma (PACG) patients. METHODS: One hundred and forty-nine family members of 46 PACG patients underwent ocular examination included slit lamp biomicroscopy, gonioscopy, fundus examination using +90 D lens, Goldmann applanation tonometry, darkroom prone provocative test, perimetry on Humphrey's field analyzer II and optic disc evaluation using HRT II. Ultrasonic ocular biometry and the DRPPT were then performed. IOP>or=8 mmHg rise from baseline with iridocorneal touch was considered as a positive test. RESULTS: Of the 149 family members examined, 55 (36.9%) were found to have PACG. Forty (72.7%) of these had subacute PACG and 15 (27.3%) were found to have chronic PACG. Thirty-nine (70.3%) of the affected members showed a positive DRPPT. Mean anterior chamber depth (ACD) was 2.03+/-0.3, 2.3+/-0.4, 2.7+/-0.3 mm (P=0.0001) and mean lens thickness was 4.41+/-0.39, 3.99+/-0.5, 3.93+/-0.4 mm (P=0.0001) in DRPPT positives, borderlines and negatives respectively. ROC curve (ACD) plotted showed cutoff value of 2.07 mm (sensitivity 88.57%) for screening. CONCLUSION: Anterior chamber is shallowest, lens is thickest and axial length is shortest in affected and DRPPT positive, family members of PACG patients.

Acute Disease↗

PubMed1999

Congenital diaphragmatic hernia: ultrasonic measurement of fetal lungs to predict pulmonary hypoplasia.

OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to assess the value of biometric lung measurements for the prediction of severe fetal pulmonary hypoplasia in congenital diaphragmatic hernia and to determine whether a correlation between lung measurements and autopsy findings or neonatal outcome could be established. DESIGN: Prospective study, between 1991 and 1997. SUBJECTS: Nineteen fetuses with congenital diaphragmatic hernia. METHODS: In addition to standard biometry, sonographic measurement of the transverse thoracic diameter, sagittal thoracic diameter, fetal lung diameters at the level of the four-chamber view and lung/thoracic circumference ratio were performed. These were compared with the standard curves defined by Merz and colleagues. Autopsy examinations were performed to determine lung weight, lung weight/body weight ratio and radial alveolar count. RESULTS: Five fetuses (26%) were terminated before 24 weeks of gestation. All of these fetuses had lung measurement values below the 5th centile. Eleven of 14 fetuses (78.6%) with pulmonary hypoplasia diagnosed after 24 weeks of gestation died postnatally. The mortality rate was 70% (7/10) in the fetuses without associated anomalies. The sonographic diagnosis of fetal pulmonary hypoplasia was made in all fetuses who died postnatally. All fetuses with a lung diameter/thoracic circumference ratio below 0.09 died. Three fetuses, which had values within the normal range, survived. In contrast, measurements of the bony thorax (transverse and sagittal thoracic diameters, thoracic circumference) did not provide an indication of the presence of fetal pulmonary hypoplasia. Pulmonary hypoplasia was confirmed at autopsy in all fetuses on the basis of lung weight, lung/body weight ratio or radial alveolar count. Concomitant with pulmonary hypoplasia was polyhydramnios in ten fetuses (71.4%), mediastinal shift in 11 fetuses (78.6%), intrathoracic herniated stomach in six fetuses (42.9%) and associated malformations in four fetuses (28.6%). Postnatal mortality for these conditions was 80%, 78.6%, 100% and 100%, respectively. Postnatal mortality was 75%, 70% and 100% in the fetuses with an isolated diaphragmatic hernia. CONCLUSION: The results of this investigation suggest that the assessment of fetal lung diameter and the use of the lung diameter/thoracic circumference ratio are further useful prognostic parameters in the management of congenital diaphragmatic hernia.

Biometry↗