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At least 73 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed2001

[Gastric pneumatosis as a sign of duodenal stenosis in a child with Down syndrome].

A case of gastric pneumatosis is described in a 6 month old girl with Down syndrome. Plain abdominal radiographs showed a radiolucent rim within the gastric wall and a dilated stomach. Ultrasonography showed diffuse echoic streaks of air in the gastric wall, pneumobilia and gastroduodenal dilatation. Upper GI series showed duodenal stenosis. Gastric pneumatosis (air within the gastric wall), is an unusual radiographic finding. It may be of mechanical or inflammatory origin or, in some rare cases, remain unexplained.

Constriction, Pathologic↗
PubMedDate not supplied

A new model for improved gastrectomy drainage.

Slow waves in isolated jejunal segments have been shown, in at least two studies, to have an increased percentage of neither prograde nor retrograde progression. Instead the pattern has been characterized as "nonpropagating" by Johnson and Sarna et al., and "chaotic" by others. We compared gastric drainage produced by a Roux-Y created with a single transection, with gastric drainage produced by a Roux-Y created in a jejunal segment isolated between two transections. Theoretically, this avoids the retrograde slow waves produced by a single transection. Ten dogs of either gender were divided into two groups of five. One group was given a truncal vagotomy, hemigastrectomy, and a standard Roux-Y drainage with a single jejunal transection; the other five were given the same operation with a distal jejunal transection and anastomosis 25 cm beyond the jejunojejunostomy (thus creating the Roux-Y in an isolated segment). In the approximate 50-day follow-up, 3 of 5 animals with standard preparations developed considerable difficulty in maintaining nutrition and developed hugely dilated stomachs. Animals with stomachs drained by the isolated jejunal segment Roux-Y had less difficulty maintaining nutrition and experienced minimal gastric dilatation. These findings were confirmed by upper gastrointestinal series at 2 weeks and at autopsy. In conclusion, this study shows that gastric drainage following truncal vagotomy and hemigastrectomy is enhanced by a Roux-Y created in an isolated jejunal segment.

Anastomosis, Roux-en-Y↗
PubMed2005

[Hypoxemia after gastrointestinal endoscopy under general anesthesia in a patient with unilateral diaphragmatic paralysis].

A 59-year-old woman with suspected hypopharyngeal cancer was scheduled for biopsy using direct laryngoscopy. Her preoperative chest X-ray showed asymptomatic left unilateral diaphragmatic paralysis. Anesthesia was induced with propofol and maintained with oxygen, nitrous oxide and sevoflurane. The region was difficult to reach during direct laryngoscopy. Therefore, gastrointestinal endoscopy was performed. Air was injected through the scope to aid viewing. After tracheal extubation, oxygen saturation as indicated by pulse oximetry (SpO2) decreased to 91% from 97% although oxygen was delivered via a mask at 6 l x min(-1). A chest radiograph showed that the air-filled gastrointestinal tract had elevated the left dome of the diaphragm. After the stomach was suctioned via a nasogastric tube, respiration was assisted via a mask with continuous positive airway pressure. Then, SpO2 returned to 99%. An air-filled dilated stomach may increase the risk of respiratory dysfunction in patients with unilateral diaphragmatic paralysis.

Anesthesia, General↗
PubMed1987

Acute dilatation of the stomach during general anaesthesia. A case report.

We describe a case of acute dilatation of the stomach which occurred during general anaesthesia for cataract extraction. This resulted in aspiration pneumonitis. We report the case because of its unexpected and sudden appearance. The presentation and management of this case is described, together with a review of the anaesthetic problems which may occur.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1999

Prenatal sonographic features of spondylocostal dysostosis and diaphragmatic hernia in the first trimester.

Spondylocostal dysostosis is a congenital disorder characterized by multiple malformations of the vertebrae and ribs. We describe the sonographic features of an affected fetus at 12 and 14 weeks of gestation. The fetus had thoracic scoliosis, multiple vertebral and rib malformations and a grossly dilated stomach that had herniated into the chest through a left-sided diaphragmatic hernia. The stomach spanned the whole length of the fetal trunk.

Adult↗
PubMed2006

Fatal outcome from extreme acute gastric dilation after an eating binge.

OBJECTIVE: A 22-year-old woman is presented with acute gastric dilation after an eating binge, who died of complications of acute reperfusion syndrome. METHOD: A young patient was admitted in our clinic with critical condition without any significant previous medical history. Her initial complaints--diarrhea, vomiting and abdominal pain--began after an enormous food intake. There was no history of medications or toxic substances. Physical examination showed a normally-developed, well-nourished female in severe distress with an extremely distended abdomen. Femoral pulses were absent. The US and CT scan showed a dilated stomach, extended into the pelvis, dislocating the intestinal organs and compressed the aorta and mesenteric veins. RESULTS: Urgent laparotomy was performed. An enormously distended stomach was encountered without volvulus, obstruction or adhesions. About 11 liters of gastric content was removed gastrotomy and nasogastric tube. Following the gastric decompression, the mesenteric and femoral pulses reappeared. During the operation, the cardio-respiratory status was stabilized, but in the following 24 hours irreversible shock developed, possibly due to the reperfusion of the retroperitoneal organs and the lower extremities. In the postoperative period disseminated intravascular coagulopathy developed. In an uncontrollable state of diffuse bleeding, 36 hours post-operation, the patient died. In retrospective investigation, the family confessed that previous psychological treatments which aimed at her bulimic attacks. CONCLUSION: Acute gastric dilatation is very uncommon and is of various etiologies, two of these being anorexia nervosa and bulimia. Several cases documenting complications of gastric dilatation were published; however, such severe complications, involving gastric infarction and compression of the aorta with ischemic injury of the bowels and lower extremities, are rare.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1990

Prenatal diagnosis of junctional epidermolysis bullosa associated with pyloric atresia.

Prenatal diagnosis of junctional epidermolysis bullosa associated with pyloric atresia was carried out in a couple at risk. Their two previous children had died during the first months of life of the same disorder despite surgery for the pyloric abnormality. Ultrastructural study of fetal skin biopsies obtained at 18 weeks' gestation showed dermal-epidermal separation at the lamina lucida level, while ultrasound showed marked stomach dilatation. Light microscopy of pyloric tissue obtained after termination showed the pyloric lumen to be replaced by loose connective tissue with no inflammatory reaction. Immunofluorescence studies on the skin specimens with the monoclonal antibody GB3, known to be absent in 'lethal' junctional epidermolysis bullosa skin, disclosed a marked positivity suggesting that the junctional epidermolysis bullosa in this case may be of the 'non-lethal' type.

Biopsy, Needle↗