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PubMed1986

An historical review of positions in baccalaureate education in nursing as basic preparation for professional nursing practice 1960-1984.

"The call for the baccalaureate degree in nursing as the educational basis for the profession has a lengthy history. Nursing leaders have suggested the need for the baccalaureate for more than a half century" (Education for, 1983, p. 3). The article culls comments concerning baccalaureate education as entry into professional nursing practice from published statements of selected organizations and groups, and places them in a historical perspective from 1960-1984. Materials from the American Nurses' Association (ANA), National League for Nursing (NLN), American Association of Colleges of Nursing (AACN), American Society for Nursing Service Administrators (ASNSA), Institute of Medicine (IOM), and the National Commission on Nursing are included.

American Nurses' Association↗
PubMed1976

Outcomes of psychiatric residency training during the past decade.

An assumption has existed that training in a psychoanalytically or psychodynamically oriented residency program would narrow the range of the trainees' interests and limit career pathways with a predominance of private practice. In order to test this assumption, a survey was undertaken of graduates of a psychoanalytically oriented program over a ten-year period with a view to determining the nature of their present professional activities. Results of the survey were compared to available national statistics for patterns of psychiatric professional practice and prove the assumptions to be invalid. We discuss some implications of this study and possible alternate explanations for the professional practice patterns that have emerged.

Internship and Residency↗
PubMed2006

["And it is always recommended"--educational concepts and expertise in nursing practice].

This article presents the results of a qualitative empirical study of interaction between teachers and students during lessons in nursing training, focussing in particular on the perspectives of nursing didactics. It examines whether the classes warrant appropriate preparation for beginners with regard to the complex demands of professional practice. The presentation focuses on a widespread educational concept named "rule-orientation". This category summarises those communication patterns of teachers which create rules for operating in typical nursing situations and which are presented as benchmarks for professional practice. Limitations associated with this concept are (1) lacking science-based justification of those operation rules, (2) the communication of standards and recipes instead of clinical judgement, and (3) the partial resolution of intrinsically contradictious demands in nursing practice. Three nursing didactical target dimensions for nursing education are being concretised as a referential framework for class-related decisions that can contribute to better qualify nursing students for professional practice.

Benchmarking↗
PubMed2005

Professional resilience, practice longevity, and Parse's theory for baccalaureate education.

New nurses seem unable to find a means of flourishing professionally in acute care practice and, consequently, exit far earlier than expected. Worldviews of baccalaureate students have changed from previous generations; yet, the approaches to nursing education remain essentially the same. Just as clinical settings benefit from nursing theory as the basis for nursing practice and scientific inquiry, the science of nursing education would benefit from nursing theory as a basis for guiding educational practice. Parse's human science theory, the Human Becoming School of Thought, is a fitting theoretical framework for a model of teaching-learning for undergraduate baccalaureate nursing education. In addition, as a theory of dynamic relational synchrony, Parse's work provides an appropriate framework with which to promote professional resilience and career longevity by purposefully engaging students within student-faculty dyads to explore personal meanings and philosophies of caring, and to create strong professional identities.

Adaptation, Psychological↗
PubMed2006

Professionalism in general practice: development of an instrument to assess professional behaviour in general practitioner trainees.

INTRODUCTION: The aim of this study is to develop a new tool to assess professional behaviour in general practitioner (GP) trainees: the evaluation of professional behaviour in general practice (EPRO-GP) instrument. METHODS: Our study consisted of 4 phases: (1) development of a model of professionalism in general practice based on a literature review on professionalism, competency models of general practice and the overall educational objectives of postgraduate training for general practice; (2) development of the EPRO-GP instrument in collaboration with a sounding board; (3) establishing the content validity of the EPRO-GP instrument using a nominal group technique; and (4) establishing the feasibility of the EPRO-GP instrument in 12 general practice trainees and their general practice trainers. RESULTS: The model of professionalism in general practice encompassed 4 themes within professionalism: (a) professionalism towards the patient; (b) professionalism towards other professionals; (c) professionalism towards the public; and (d) professionalism towards oneself. These 4 themes covered 26 elements of professionalism. This model provided the framework of the EPRO-GP instrument, which we developed further by operationalising the 26 elements in 127 behavioural items. The expert ratings confirmed the content validity of the instrument with one exception: the element "altruism" was removed as a stand-alone category but it remained throughout the tool in items giving primacy to patient welfare. The results on the feasibility of the EPRO-GP instrument were very encouraging. All tutorials yielded professional behaviour learning points. DISCUSSION: Our results support the content validity of the EPRO-GP instrument as well as its feasibility as a tool to educate for professionalism in general practice.

Clinical Competence↗
PubMed1979

Teaching interpersonal management for effective professional nursing practice.

The treatment environment is an important component of patient care. In order to provide more effective patient care one would want to be able to manipulate the environment, particularly the emotional environment. This is difficult to do and even more difficult to teach. The authors describe a teaching module in a baccalaureate program in nursing in which didactic sessions and behavioral rehearsal analysis techniques are combined. The goal is to teach interpersonal manipulation for more effective management of professional nursing practice. The results have been promising.

Education, Nursing, Baccalaureate↗
PubMed1988

Reporting therapeutic discourse in a therapeutic community.

Research in nurses' communications has concentrated on nurse to patient interactions. Those few studies which focus on nurse to nurse communications seem to be generated by a pragmatic and normative concern with effective information sharing. In this paper, which describes one aspect of a larger case study of a hospital-based therapeutic community, the description and analysis of nurses' reports flows not from a normative model of professional practice, but rather an exploration of how professional practice is articulated as discourse in nurses' written accounts. Foucault's ideas about therapeutic discourse inform the theoretical framework of the research. Ethnomethodological concerns with the importance of documentary analysis provide the methodological rationale for examining nurses' 24-hour report documents, as official discourse, reflecting therapeutic practice in this setting. A content analysis of nurses' reports, collected over a period of 4 months, demonstrated the importance of domesticity and ordinary everyday activities in nurses' accounts of hospital life. Disruption to the 'life as usual' domesticity in the community seemed to be associated with admission to and discharge from the hospital when interpersonal and interactional changes between patients occur. It is suggested that nurses in general hospital wards and more orthodox psychiatric settings might usefully consider the impact of admissions and discharges on the group of patients they manage, and make this a discursive focus of their work.

Communication↗
PubMed1990

Using a patient survey for marketing a professional health care practice.

Small, private, professional health care practices are at a disadvantage when conducting market survey research because they cannot afford to employ or purchase the expensive specialized marketing skills of their larger competitors. The author describes a method that small private practices can use to conduct patient marketing surveys. Survey findings are reported and examples are provided of how the results influenced subsequent marketing decisions. Suggestions are offered to help ensure the success of similar studies in other practices.

Analysis of Variance↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Gender representations and morality in the nursing profession].

This text is part of a dialogue between the authorserlating to two research projects: one on "The professional ambiguities, work conditions and the citizenship of nurses--a comparative study in the Federal District and São Paulo" and the other on "The impact of work conditions on the nurses in the Hospital São Paulo as to sexual and reproductive life". Nursing occupies a singular place in the health professions. Is is differentiated by numeric importance as well as by a professional practice which is almost exclusively feminine. Culturally, to care is attributed as a woman's task (nurse, mother teacher, social worker, etc.); to treat is a man's task (doctor, father, provider, etc.) The dichotomy between caring and treating denies other conflicts, relations of power, and of hierarchies established in the professional practice of nursing. These conflicts may be associated with: a) the founding myth of the origin of nursing, generator of a morality and a competence which condition htis professional practice; b) feminity, mothering, the administration of intimacy and body care, that is, the social representations of nursing with respect to gender; c) the androcentric character of power relations and those of sexuality which subsume the professional space of nursing.

Ethics, Nursing↗
PubMed2000

Professional nursing practice in an HMO: the future is now.

Managed care forms of service delivery now dominate the nursing practice environment. Nursing is potentially a key resource for helping the system to meet the increased and evolving demands, maintaining quality while decreasing costs. However, nurses need additional competencies to function effectively in this environment. Nurse educators need to prepare nurses for these new roles. This paper describes trends influencing nursing roles and identifies the nine categories of competencies needed by professional nurses practicing in HMO settings. Cost-reduction pressures have driven profound changes in the health care system in recent years. Countering these demands for cost-reduction are increases in costs driven by new, more expensive treatments and higher patient expectations. While the future of health care is anything but clear, certain features of the health care system seem relatively certain: major changes will continue to be cost-driven; more hospitals will close, or consolidate or collaborate to compete; and inpatient acuity will continue to increase. In addition, corporate America will increasingly influence how care is delivered and demands for information on health plan performance, such as the Health Employers Data Information System (HEDIS) (National Committee for Quality Assurance, 1997) will increase. These forces will inevitably redirect use of resources within health care organizations. Other external forces that will continue to influence how care is delivered are discussed below.

Cost-Benefit Analysis↗
PubMed2003

The Vanderbilt Professional Nursing Practice Program, part 3: managing an advancement process.

Consistency of performance standards across multiple clinical settings is an essential component of a credible advancement system. Our advancement process incorporates a central committee, composed of nurses from all clinical settings within the institution, to ensure consistency of performance in inpatient, outpatient, and procedural settings. An analysis of nurses advanced during the first 18 months of the program indicates that performance standards are applicable to nurses in all clinical settings. The first article (September 2003) in this 3-part series described the foundation for and the philosophical background of the Vanderbilt Professional Nursing Practice Program (VPNPP), the career advancement program underway at Vanderbilt University Medical Center. Part 2 described the development of the evaluation tools used in the VPNPP, the implementation and management of this new system, program evaluation, and improvements since the program's inception. The purpose of this article is to review the advancement process, review the roles of those involved in the process, and to describe outcomes and lessons learned.

Academic Medical Centers↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Preventive medicine: physician practices, beliefs, and perceived barriers for implementation.

Despite increasing recognition of the need for physicians to practice preventive medicine, there is much evidence that performance is well below the ideal recommended by experts. The purpose of this study was to determine what preventive medicine activities physicians practice, whether their personal health practices and beliefs about preventive medicine correlate with professional practices of preventive medicine, and what barriers to practicing preventive medicine physicians identify. Results from a questionnaire mailed to a random sample of 430 family physicians indicated physicians practice health promotion for themselves more than revealed in earlier studies and that physicians frequently incorporate many preventive medicine activities into their professional practices. Several exceptions, however, were noted. When identifying barriers to practicing preventive medicine, respondents overwhelmingly selected lack of patient motivation more than any other factor.

Attitude to Health↗
PubMed2000

Personal and professional beliefs and practices regarding herbal medicine among the full time faculty of the newark-based schools of the university of medicine and dentistry of new jersey.

Background: The use of alternative and herbal medicine is increasing among the general population in the United States. The use of herbal medicine by health care professionals has not been documented. Health care professionals tend to base personal and professional practices on scientific research and facts. This population interacts with the public and with health care students. Therefore, personal and professional practices will impact these audiences. Methods: A survey was distributed to all faculty members of the University of Medicine and Dentistry of New Jersey via interoffice mail. A total of 904 surveys were sent. Statistical analyses included descriptive analysis of personal and professional practice regarding herbal medicine and chi(2) analysis of the relationship between personal and professional practices regarding herbal medicine. Significance was set at alpha <.05. Results: The overall response rate was 51%. Approximately one-third (29.6%, n = 134) of the population reported personal use of herbal medicine, 22.1% (n = 42) of the population who provide patient care recommend herbal medicine, 9.4% (n = 36) of those involved in teaching include herbal medicine in coursework, and 1.1% of the population were involved in research on herbs. Respondents who use herbal medicine were more likely to recommend herbs to patients (p <.0001); likewise, users of herbal medicine were more likely to teach students about herbal medicine (p =.001). Conclusions: The results support the hypothesis that personal beliefs and practices do impact professional practices within the clinical and academic settings of the university.

Journal Article↗
PubMed2026

Behind the Curtain of Care. Nurses' Experiences Providing Care to Consumers With Alcohol and Other Drug Issues: A Qualitative Scoping Review.

AIM: To scope and synthesise qualitative literature relating to nurses' experiences of providing care to consumers with alcohol and other drug issues and explore how meaning is constructed in practice. DESIGN: Scoping review. METHODS: A scoping review was conducted following Arksey and O'Malley's framework. Findings were analysed using thematic analysis. DATA SOURCES: Systematic searches were conducted between September and November 2025 across Medline, Emcare, CINAHL and Google Scholar, using controlled vocabulary and keywords relevant to nurses' experiences of providing care to consumers with alcohol and other drug issues. RESULTS: Twenty-four studies from 12 countries were included. Seven themes were identified: emotional aspects of care, education, training and skills in practice, the spectrum of stigma, ethical issues in professional practice, navigating pain management, limited support, and how meaning is constructed in practice. CONCLUSION: Nurses' experiences of providing care to consumers with alcohol and other drug issues are shaped by multiple intersecting factors influencing care delivery and professional practice. Further research is needed to examine how workplace culture, language and interpersonal interactions influence healthcare experiences, and inform education, service development and support needs. REPORTING METHOD: Reported in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses extension for Scoping Reviews (PRISMA-ScR) checklist. PATIENT OR PUBLIC CONTRIBUTION: No patient or public contribution.

alcohol and other drugs↗
PubMed1998

Clinical supervision with community Macmillan nurses: some theoretical suppositions and case work reports.

This paper explores clinical supervision undertaken with community Macmillan Clinical Nurse Specialists in the UK. The philosophical motor is embedded in a Heideggerian existential-phenomenological framework, influenced by psychoanalytical thinking as described by Yalom. The discussion is derived from a qualitative research study designed to reach the lived-experience of five Macmillan Clinical Nurse Specialists. The author explores, in context, issues related to authenticity and project. Ideas are linked to contemporary concerns with reflective practice. The recommendation of this paper is that clinical supervision, through whatever method, reaches the vital experience of nursing practice. Realising tacit knowledge has potential to inform professional practice through powerful synergies of theoretical ways, understanding and lived experience. In addition, nurses might attain the existential idea of a boundary experience and so identify constructive ways to address issues arising out of professional practice.

Attitude of Health Personnel↗
PubMed1997

Changes in practice nursing: professionalism, segmentation and sponsorship.

In the wake of recent government policies and legislation, practice nursing has undergone major changes. Not least of these has been the rapid growth in the number of practice nurses. In addition, their work role has grown greatly over recent years. This has given rise to the question of whether their professional development now justifies their status as autonomous nurse practitioners. This and related issues are explored in the empirical part of this paper, which focuses on the changes in the work and responsibilities of practice nurses in two industrial towns in the English Midlands.

England↗
PubMed2005

The experience of the novice nurse: a human becoming perspective.

The well-publicized current shortage of nurses and nurse faculty to teach future generations of nurses intensifies the need to recruit and retain nurses engaged in professional practice. This suggests the importance of being concerned with the quality of the work and professional life of the practicing professional nurse. In this column, the stories of 10 new graduates of baccalaureate nursing programs are explored, illuminating experiences of novice nurses. Themes of the new graduates were identified. The themes are: learning a new culture, sharing a journey, being unsure with changing views, considering the possibilities, and being respected. It is hoped that this column will further the dialogue and promote projects among nurses to explore possibilities in originating new ways of being and becoming in nursing practice.

Acculturation↗