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Results for “Pilot Projects”

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PubMedDate not supplied

Nursing documentation: a program to promote and sustain improvement.

Pertinent, timely, and accurate nursing documentation promotes consistency in client care and effective communication among nurses and other health team members. Alternative documentation systems, continuing education efforts, and ongoing quality management activities are necessary to ensure that standards of record keeping are maintained. A pilot project using such methods was conducted on two hospital units to promote adherence to a specific documentation system. Education was integrated with peer auditing and follow-up over a 6-month period. The nursing staff significantly improved the quality of their documentation and sustained this improvement over time. Staff's knowledge about documentation improved significantly. Furthermore, there was a statistically significant decrease in documentation errors. The integration of peer auditing and continuing education enabled nurses to attain and maintain specific documentation standards.

Education, Nursing, Continuing↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Psychological support to an autologous bone marrow transplant unit in a community hospital: a pilot experience.

Autologous Bone Marrow Transplantation (AuBMT) has emerged as an efficacious treatment for certain hematological and solid tumors. Some of the complications of allogeneic transplants are avoided with an autologous transplant. Due to the decreased toxicity of this procedure, AuBMT can be administered at a community hospital where the setting is less burdensome for patients and families. The latter can continue to provide support for the patient as relocation is not necessary and visiting is easier. This report is a case analysis of the first 30 patients to undergo an autologous transplant as a pilot study in such an environment. This pilot project--done in a community hospital in Connecticut--may provide cost effective, high quality care in a more personal environment in the patient's own community. The different neoplastic diagnoses are listed as well as the types of psychological interventions available for these patients. Two case studies are described for clinical illustration. A discussion presents how psycho-oncology can assist the multidisciplinary team.

Adult↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Palliation of radiation-related mucositis.

Oral mucositis associated with head and neck radiotherapy can substantially hinder completion of cancer therapy. Alleviation of this often severe stomatitis can provide enhanced patient comfort and facilitate appropriate care. A double-blind format was used in a pilot project to measure, against a control rinse, the effectiveness of an oral rinse consisting of hydrocortisone, nystatin, tetracycline, and diphenhydramine in controlling radiation-related mucositis. A combination of clinical evaluation and patient responses to a questionnaire was used to judge the results of the topical medications. Patients using the experimental medication developed less mucositis than did patients in the control group.

Administration, Topical↗

PubMed1996

Kaiser Colorado's Cooperative Health Care Clinic: a group approach to patient care.

A Kaiser Permanente pilot project demonstrates that managing health status with patients on a group basis versus one-on-one office visits can improve health care delivery services and reduce unnecessary resource utilization. Kaiser's Cooperative Health Care Clinic (CHCC) in Denver, Colorado, uses a multidisciplinary team to successfully provide care to elderly members with chronic conditions.

Activities of Daily Living↗

PubMed1994

Making interdisciplinary education effective for rehabilitation students.

Interdisciplinary education has been recommended as a way of preparing students for team practice after graduation. There is debate in the literature over the best way to implement interdisciplinary education sessions, and many factors can influence their effectiveness. This paper is a case description report of a pilot project developed to promote interdisciplinary learning. The Northern Studies Stream of McMaster University's School of Occupational Therapy and Physiotherapy in Ontario, Canada developed a project that combined students from the occupational therapy and physiotherapy programs for small group tutorials held during clinical placements. The project incorporated suggestions from the literature in order to encourage cooperation and interdisciplinary learning. Participants were mature, second-degree students with similar levels of clinical experience. The sessions were a required part of the academic course, but were ungraded. Tutorials focused on issues relevant to clinical practice for both groups and were facilitated by faculty from both professions. Evaluation was positive, suggesting student characteristics (eg, level of experience and maturity) and session design features that may be helpful in planning future interdisciplinary education experiences.

Humans↗

PubMed1988

School-based tobacco use prevention.

Although school-based tobacco use prevention programs have had limited short-term success, questions remain about whether these programs would have the same degree of success with youths at risk for habitual tobacco use. This article describes a pilot project to discriminate these high-risk youths from low-risk youths. Two hundred twenty-five consenting youths from a western state completed a questionnaire containing individual, demographic, and environmental correlates of habitual tobacco use. The total sample consisted of 105 males and 119 females. Nineteen percent came from ethnic minorities, and 69% were from traditional households. Discriminant function analyses identified correlates that discriminated between current tobacco users and nonusers as well as students intending to use tobacco from those who did not.

Child↗

PubMed1993

Incorporating nursing assistive personnel into a nursing professional practice model.

A pilot project evaluated the effect of incorporating nursing assistive personnel (NAP) into the existing nursing professional practice model at a tertiary care university medical center. A plan to use permanent, unit-based NAP was developed, implemented, and evaluated. Among the findings were a redistribution of selected nursing activities and conditions enhancing the integration of NAP to fulfill nonprofessional tasks and thus support the work of the registered nurse.

Academic Medical Centers↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Screening for type 2 diabetes in the Iranian national programme: a preliminary report.

Diabetes mellitus is a significant threat to public health. It is estimated that more than 1.5 million people with diabetes live in the Islamic Republic of Iran. We report on the preliminary results of the national programme for the prevention and control of type 2 diabetes which began in 1996. The pilot project has so far been instituted in 17 provinces. Of 595 717 people aged 30 years and over, 247 518 were classed as at risk and 3.6% had diabetes, 4.3% of women and 2.6% of men. Diabetes prevalence varied from 1.3% in rural areas to 14.5% in large cities. Early detection and control strategies are aimed at diminishing the heavy burden of diabetes.

Adult↗

PubMed2005

Genotype-based screening for hereditary hemochromatosis: II. Attitudes toward genetic testing and psychosocial impact--a report from a German pilot study.

In collaboration with the German Sickness Fund (Kaufmännische Krankenkasse-KKH), we conducted a pilot study on DNA-based population screening of hereditary hemochromatosis (HH) in Germany. The health insurance organization KKH briefly informed their members about the possibility to participate voluntarily in this pilot project. A total of 5882 KKH members contacted us and received detailed information on the aim of the project and clinical and genetic aspects of HH. Of these individuals, 3961 requested HFE genotyping. After genotype results had been communicated to the participants' general practitioner, we sent a self-administered questionnaire to all homozygous (n = 67) and heterozygous (n = 485) as well as 448 wild-type study participants (sigma = 1000) to assess the psychosocial impact of HFE genotyping. In addition, questionnaires were sent to 8000 randomly selected members of the KKH to investigate their attitude toward genetic testing. Six hundred thirty-one (63.1%) of the test participants and 2141 (26.8%) of the randomly chosen KKH members responded. A total of 59.1% of the members would generally accept predictive genetic testing and 3.7% objected to such tests in principle. Individuals with higher educational status accepted predictive testing significantly more often than individuals with less education. Of the tested individuals, 69.9% thought that participation in the pilot study was probably beneficial for them and 1% (5 heterozygotes and 1 wild-type) thought that it was probably harmful. Of the participants, 94.6% judged their decision to have participated in the pilot study as right and 0.3% (2 heterozygotes) as probably wrong. Only very few of the tested individuals underwent pretest (1 case) or posttest (11 cases) genetic counseling. We conclude that genotype- based screening for HH is generally accepted and was perceived as beneficial. Negative psychosocial consequences are rare and could presumably have been prevented by delivering appropriate pretest and posttest information.

Attitude↗

PubMedDate not supplied

The experience of gatekeeping: a psychiatric nurse in an emergency department.

Emergency departments are increasingly identified as the entry point to mental health services. In the hope of facilitating the flow of psychiatric patients through a general hospital's emergency department, experienced psychiatric nurses were asked to participate in a pilot project in a general hospital in Canada. This paper is a reflection of one emergency psychiatric nurse's (EPN) experience of her role being transformed into that of a gatekeeper. The notion of "gatekeeper" as a metaphor highlights "keeping psychiatric patients out" of an already strained emergency system. As a means to balance fiscal demands with patient care, the EPN inadvertently served to obscure entry for patients with mental illness who were seeking emergency services.

Attitude of Health Personnel↗

PubMed1992

A model for faculty practice teaching clinics developed at the Oregon Health Sciences University.

In 1988 the Oregon Health Sciences University established its first faculty practice teaching clinic wherein physicians in training were incorporated into a faculty private practice clinic; this pilot project proved very successful and has been subsequently adopted as the model for essentially all outpatient clinics (both medical and surgery) in the university system. The model encourages efficiency, overhead control, and appropriate staffing; it also compensates faculty members for their additional time spent teaching. The authors conclude this model may help other academic training centers adapt to the changing demands of medical education.

Academic Medical Centers↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Understanding cultural diversity through a student exchange program.

Nursing curriculum must include multicultural experiences to prepare nurses to work with the nation's ethnically diverse population. To meet this need, a pilot project was instituted between two Bachelor's of Science in Nursing (BSN) programs. It was hypothesized that students could develop new cultural perspectives by experiencing nursing with different ethnic groups. Two senior students from each institution were selected for the experience. The exchange program provided them with opportunities to assess and care for health problems in aggregates and families with whom they might not have had practice. The authors recommend that these types of programs be encouraged to introduce students to practice in settings and with cultures other than their own.

Arizona↗

PubMed1993

A replay of the baseball data.

Fudin, Renninger, Lembessis, and Hirshon (1993) reported a nonsignificant longevity advantage for right-handers in their analysis of archival baseball data, although the absolute values are still in the predicted direction. Differences in specific data entries and analyses are difficult to resolve; however, there is some indication that the data base that they analyzed differs from that in our study. Further, their use of parametric statistics, given distributional problems and grossly unequal group sizes, may account for the nonsignificance they observed, when compared to the nonparametric analyses that we used. While we considered our original study a pilot project, the literature now contains hundreds of studies that show that left-handedness is associated with a wide range of health-risk factors including serious accidents, immune system disorders, and birth-related complications that involve reduced oxygen. A recent study of the archival records of over 3000 cricket players showed a significant advantage of over 2 years in longevity for right-handed cricket players. On the basis of these findings, we still believe that left-handedness is a marker for reduced longevity.

Baseball↗

PubMed1991

Mortality and reoperation following prostatectomy: outcomes in a Medicare population.

Data from a series of pilot projects undertaken by the Health Care Financing Administration and seven peer review organizations were used to evaluate the outcomes of prostatectomy. Outcomes in both the original random sample of 3,641 patients and subsample of 2,617 patients that had a diagnosis of benign prostatic hyperplasia and did not have a diagnosis of prostatic carcinoma were examined. Patients undergoing a transurethral resection had increased probabilities of reoperation and mortality. However, the increased risk associated with having a transurethral resection was not statistically significant after controlling for other variables associated with mortality.

Aged↗

PubMed1990

Criteria of drug-induced liver disorders. Report of an international consensus meeting.

International reporting of adverse drug reactions by pharmaceutical manufacturers to national drug regulatory authorities requires internationally accepted standard definitions of reactions and criteria for assessment of causality. The Council for International Organizations of Medical Sciences (CIOMS) undertook a pilot project to prepare such definitions and criteria, and proposed to use as its model a series of expert consensus meetings organized in France by the pharmaceutical company, Roussel Uclaf, with the participation of the official French network of pharmacovigilance. Under CIOMS auspices, an international meeting was organized to test the feasibility of adapting for international use the outcome of the French consensus meetings on drug-induced liver disorders. The meeting resulted in a series of proposed standard designations of drug-induced liver disorders and criteria of causality assessment.

Chemical and Drug Induced Liver Injury↗

PubMed1996

Community participation in HIV prevention: problems and prospects for community-based strategies among female sex workers in Madras.

The concept of strengthening community action within the context of HIV prevention is gaining popularity among health circles, with organizations such as gay volunteer groups in the U.S. providing positive evidence of the potential role of community participation in HIV/AIDS prevention and care efforts. Care must be taken, however, in assuming that participation can easily be achieved among all high-risk groups. This paper examines problems and prospects for participation in HIV prevention strategies among commercial sex workers (CSWs) in Madras. Based upon the experiences of a pilot project established by the Tamil Nadu State Government AIDS Cell and WHO, it finds that the organization of the commercial sex trade in Madras is not highly conducive to collective action. Identifying factors that have frustrated attempts to promote community-based strategies in the city, the paper suggests that this approach is unlikely to succeed unless there are significant changes to the institutional arrangements that keep sex workers in a position of subordination and exploitation.

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome↗

PubMed1992

Development of a computerized pharmacy therapeutic recommendation tracking program.

Several important lessons were learned during this pilot project. First, the timely feedback of results, in the form of a concise report, to the pharmacists documenting the recommendations was very useful and aided in their future participation in the program. Second, the design of the database that restricted the data entry person to choose from a list of scrollable choices enhanced the utility of the database for reporting purposes. Future work is needed to facilitate data entry by the pharmacist recording the recommendation.

Clinical Pharmacy Information Systems↗

PubMed1984

Skills not pills: learning to cope with anxiety symptoms.

A pilot project to assess the benefit of a psychology service in general practice for patients with anxiety is described. A course of lessons in ;anxiety management skills' was provided at two practices. At a follow-up appointment one year later two thirds of the 35 patients studied had stopped taking anxiolytic medication and two thirds reported an elimination of their anxiety symptoms. It is proposed that a psychology service be provided for general practitioners, in health centres and health clinics, as a possible alternative to repeat prescribing of anxiolytic medication.

Adult↗