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At least 163 records · Page 9Linked to original sources
PubMed1990

[Expert systems in oncology: concepts, problems, perspectives].

The architecture and fields of application of the expert systems in oncology are described. These systems allow systematization, developing and realizing the approximate knowledge, heuristics and algorithms of the expert-oncologists by the computer systems for solution of optimization problems of diagnosis and treatment of cancer patients. Principles of the functioning of expert systems are considered through the examples of solutions of concrete problems in oncology. Intellectual possibilities of the man-machine interaction under clinical conditions are discussed. The vistas of technological development of expert systems in oncology are evaluated.

Algorithms↗
PubMed1975

[The ideal computer for ECG analysis (author's transl)].

An on-line minicomputer with a suitable structure turns out to be the ideal system for ECG interpretation. The motivations for this conclusion come both from the nature of the ECG analysis process and from the solution that the present state of the process and from the solution that the present state of the computer technology suggests for the controversy on large-scale computers versus minicomputers in the medical environment. In this paper both these aspects of the problem are briefly discussed and an ideal structure is proposed for a system based on a minicomputer. The main goals of this system are flexibility, adequate man-machine interfacing, low cost, high reliability and minimal maintenance, minimum installation space and site preparation.

Analog-Digital Conversion↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Development of a monitoring system for radiodiagnostic devices].

The authors review the possibilities of the application of the "man-machine" theory to the radiodiagnostic unit. Show implementation of the theory with special reference to the basic purpose of the unit RENA 50-6 MP equipped with the microprocessor system of monitoring.

Man-Machine Systems↗
PubMed1976

[Electronic data processing in medical microbiology--a guide and some critical thoughts].

Applications of electron data processing in all fields of medicine and especially in medical microbiology are increasing rapidly. It seems important to discuss a guide for using such complicated electronical systems, because, on the one hand, computer applications in medicine are desirable for scientific reasons, but on the other hand few very costly and sophisticated projects had to be cancelled, after a shorter or longer time of implementation by reason of lack of co-operation of medical collaborators. This paper puts on discussion such a guide for using electronic data processing in medical microbiology. It is proposed to put through the following tasks before introducing a computer system into a microbiological institution: a system analysis of the status quo, an objective determination of the set state, a system design and a cost-benefit analysis. Those tasks are described in detail and are illustrated to some extent by graphics and tables from own research for preparing a data processing system for medical microbiology. It is emphasized that beside hard- and software criteria of the desired computer system one has to pay attention to the problems of man-machine engineering. The paper finishes with concrete propositions of proceeding when the computer system is implemented and shows possibilities of scientific data evaluation of a microbiological data base.

Costs and Cost Analysis↗
PubMed1979

Speech audiometry by a speech synthesizer. I. A preliminary report.

A preliminary report on speech test results with a portable, text-to-speech synthesizer is presented. The differentiation scores achieved at speed 80 words/min vary. So far the best mean differentiation scores in normal material are 75%. The increase of the presentation level improves the differentiation score, as does the decrease of word speed and training. The future and present uses of this system are discussed. These include: devices for the handicapped, e.g. to produce speech for the mute, man-machine communication through speech in industry control, data processing systems and uses in audiological diagnostics. The study is continued.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

A minicomputer system for display and rate analysis in vectorcardiography.

A system has been constructed for recording vectorcardiographic signal with a FM taperecorder. Off-line AD-conversion and analysis of rates and magnitudes of partial vectors are made with a minicomputer. The reason for studying particularly initial vectorrates is that according to our hypothesis these contain valuable information for classification of certain cardiac arrythmias according to supraventricular or ventricular impulse focus. Preliminary results confirm the hypothesis. In vectorcardiography one difficulty is to give an easily comprehensible presentation of the vectorloop. In this study a method for '3-dimensional' display has been developed, using a graphic display processor and varying intensities of the beam. The system is to a high degree man-machine interactive.

Arrhythmias, Cardiac↗
PubMed1992

A man-machine vision interface for sensing the environment.

This study describes a computer vision approach for sensing the environment with the intent of helping people with a visual impairment. The principal goal in applying computer vision is to exploit, in an optimal fashion, the information acquired by the camera(s) to yield useful descriptions of the viewed environment. The objective is to seek efficient and reliable guidance cues in order to improve the mobility needs of individuals with a visual impairment. In this research direction, the following problems are identified and addressed: 1) the vision system design; 2) establishment of the mapping principles between the two-dimensional (2-D) camera images and the three-dimensional (3-D) real world; 3) development of appropriate imaging techniques for the interpretation of the 2-D images; and, 4) establishment of a communication link between the vision system and the user. The soundness of this research direction is assessed by means of a theoretical framework and experimental evaluations.

Algorithms↗
PubMed1976

[Clincio-electroencephalographic syndromes in several diseases of the nervous system].

An analysis of the indices of bioelectrical brain activity and clinical symptoms was accomplished by a computer according to the principle "man-machine". The authors examined 2 groups of patients with some hereditary forms of diseases of the nervous system (62 cases) and with disorders of cerebral circulation (106 cases). It was demonstrated that there is a possibility of clarifying the typical localization of lesion and of differentiating the different clinico EEG syndromes.

Central Nervous System Diseases↗
PubMed1990

The artificial substitution of missing hands with myoelectrical prostheses.

The fitting of upper-extremity amputees requires special efforts, and its significance has been increased by the development of myoelectrically controlled prosthetic arm. Although an artificial hand only represents a relatively modest substitute for the missing hand of human beings, the efforts of designers and the achievements of manufacturers should not go unnoticed. Because of the development of myoelectrically controlled prosthetic arm, the amputee's standard of function can be improved and a cosmetic and functional solution provided. For control of the electromechanical hand, muscular potentials are received from the residual limb surface, amplified in the electrodes, and transmitted as control signals to the distal area. An important factor in providing a successful fitting is a reliable man-machine connection. This article summarizes the historic development and state of the art of the myoelectrically controlled arm prosthesis. The components and technical evaluations of the Myobock system as well as the procedures for fitting and fabricating a below-elbow prosthesis have been improved recently. A critical analysis of adaptive hands suggests that the prospects for the future are good.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

XELE--a polypeptide model-building program for a graphics workstation.

A model-building program, XELE, for use in protein crystallography has been written in C under UNIX on a graphics workstation. This program makes full use of the X Window system to display the electron density distribution and to manipulate the polypeptide model, and therefore is named XELE. It utilizes a fast three-dimensional rendering package, Dorè, and is portable to other types of graphics workstations. A part of the program for the man-machine interface uses the library of X Window and X Toolkit, and therefore is highly interactive. The structure analysis program package, PROTEIN, is also implemented in an interactive mode using X Window, and has been interfaced with XELE.

Computer Graphics↗