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At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMedDate not supplied

[The treatment of spastic equinovarus in the adult by transplantation of peroneus brevis and lengthening of the tendo-calcaneus (author's transl)].

A new technique is proposed for the treatment of spastic equinovarus foot. After lengthening the tendo calcaneus, the peroneus brevis tendon is divided at the junction with its muscle belly and the distal end of the tendon is transferred through the interosseous membrane to be sutured to the tendo calcaneus. This technique aims to correct the varus as well as the equinus deformity. It was performed in seven cases with good results. The technique is compared with other methods designed to treat this condition. The method is worthwhile in cases without bony deformity.

Achilles Tendon↗
PubMed1977

[Fracture-dislocation of the calcaneus. Apropos of 4 cases].

The authors have observed four cases of a rare condition of fracture-dislocation of the calcaneus. The fracture line was in the sagittal plane and there were only two fragments. An anterior and medial fragment maintained its normal relationship with the talus whilst the posterior and lateral fragment became dislocated laterally underneath the fibular malleolus. Treatment should always be surgical by open reduction and screw fixation. Two cases out of four were not operated upon and these have poor results.

Adult↗
PubMed1977

[Osteotomy of the calcaneus for pes cavus in childhood].

Osteotomy of the calcaneus (Dwyer procedure) was performed in 14 children (26 feet) aged between 5 and 15 years. On four occasions it was associated with an osteotomy of the first metatarsal and on three occasions with tarsectomy. The technique is described and the results are analysed. The authors conclude that the results were good in children under the age of 10 whilst the feet were still supple. In children over the age of 10, in whom the feet were more rigid, the gait was improved but the cavus deformity was not improved. The best age for operation is between 6 and 10 years.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1978

[Evaluation of functional results after fractures of the calcaneus (author's transl)].

The author describes a scale of rating for the evaluation of the results of fractures of the calcaneus, similar to that used for the evaluation of hip function. Five points are given for walking ability, pain, mobility and triceps power. The last point is considered to be essential. This evaluation was tested on 232 cases. A close correlation was established between the four criteria.

Biomechanical Phenomena↗
PubMed1979

[Fractures of the calcaneus. Orthopaedicotechnical management and long-term results following surgical or conservative first treatment (author's transl)].

75 fractures of the calcaneus were followed up in a long-term study in 64 patients. 27 of these patients were older than 10 years. 22 were operated (or reoperated) later. 16 of these received a double arthrodesis. The early and late results were compared. There was no difference between the results obtained with the surgically treated and the conservatively treated patients (functional or closed repositioning and plaster cast). The late operations are discussed. Emphasis is given to the orthopaedicotechnical possibilities which, in the authors' opinion, should be utilised more often.

Arthrodesis↗
PubMed1979

Recommended site and depth of newborn heel skin punctures based on anatomical measurements and histopathology.

The heels of 40 children (0.56--13.15 kg), 35 of whom were newborn infants and 28 of whom had 2--20 visible skin punctures, were examined at necropsy, and the thickness of the tissue layers was measured with a metric vernier caliper. Histological examination showed that uncomplicated skin-puncture wounds heal with minimum scarring and no neuroma formation. 1 infant had an infected puncture track extending into the calcaneus and resulting in cellulitis and focal calcaneal necrotising chondritis. The skin's primary blood-supply is located at the junction of the dermis and subcutaneous tissue, and the distance from the surface of the heel to this junction was quite constant (0.35--1.6 mm). However, the distance from the skin surface to the calcaneus increased with infant weight (in the smallest infant it was 2.4 mm), and at the posterior curvature of the heel it was half that from the plantar surface to the calcaneus. The calcaneus rarely extended lateral to a line drawn posteriorly from a point midway between the 4th and 5th toes and running parallel to the lateral aspect of the heel or medial to a line extending posteriorly from the middle of the great toe and running parallel to the medial surface of the heel. Therefore, in order to avoid calcaneal puncture and the risk of osteochondritis, heel puncture in the newborn should be done: (1) on the most medial or lateral portions of the plantar surface of the heel; (2) no deeper than 2.4 mm; (3) not on the posterior curvature of the heel; and (4) not through previous puncture sites that may be infected.

Abscess↗
PubMed1979

[Plantar release in the treatment of pes cavus in childhood. Technique and indications (author's transl)].

The authors have operated on forty instances of pes cavus in children. Ten were idiopathic, nine poliomyelitic, five hemiplegic and five as a sequel of club foot. Others cases were of various neurological cause. In all cases, the plantar fasciae and ligaments were released; the technique of this procedure is fully described. In a number of cases, soft tissue release was associated with an osteotomy of the first metatarsal, a transplant of the extensor hallucis longus to the neck of the first metatarsal, an osteotomy of the calcaneus or various muscle transplants depending on the etiology of the cavus deformity. The results are analysed as are the complications. They were satisfactory in 66 p. 100 of cases. It is concluded that plantar release procedures may either avoid arthrodesis or may lead to it later but with the foot in a more satisfactory condition.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Surgical treatment of calcanear fractures (103 cases). Reconstruction-arthrodesis, or reconstruction (author's transl)].

In a twelve-year period, 103 calcanear fractures (thalamus) were operated on, either by the Stulz procedure (calcanear Reconstruction-subtalar Arthrodesis [83 cases]), or by Reconstruction (20 cases). During the first seven years, the Stulz procedure had been performed systematically. During the following five years, indications were shaded between 28 reconstruction-arthrodesis and 20 reconstructions. A complete preoperative radiological study, including especially horizontal calcanear tomography enables to precise what type of injuries affects the four different parts of the calcaneus, and to choose between either procedure.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1979

[Spherical osteotomy (author's transl)].

The authors have devised a new type of saw which makes it possible to cut bone spherically. This type of osteotomy is useful when correction is required in more than one plane and provides good bone contact between bone ends. The technique is described. It has been used at the upper end of the tibia or femur and in the calcaneus and forefoot.

Calcaneus↗
PubMed1976

[Radiological meneral equivalent determinations in bone. The problems of build-up factor (author's transl)].

The apparatus for measuring mineral equivalents described by Gebhardt, Heinen and Zwicker in 1973 was subjected to theoretical and experimental investigations; as a result, changes were introduced which significantly improved the basis for exact absorption measurments on phalanges. 1.The CuK alpha radiation (8.5 kV) produced the Hohannson monochromator was replaced by higher energy AgK alpha radiation (22.2 kV). The total spectrum was improved by using a palladium filter and an impulse height discriminator. 2. A slit collimator was used giving a beam area of 3 mm X 0.5 mm with improved paralleism ofthe beam and an incident angle alpha of 0.1 degrees compared with a previous angle of alpha approximately 1 degrees. 3. Correction of attenuation N = No. e-ux by a correction factor B to allow for "build-up factor" in the required area of measurement is no longer necessary. Measurements at four of hydroxyle apatite (Reiss) provide the required mineral absorption. 4.AgK alpha radiation permits measurement of thicker bones such as radius and calcaneus and provides adequate impulses for short periods of measurement which is useful in practice.

Bone and Bones↗
PubMed1975

Effect of the diphosphonate EHDP on bone mineral metabolism during prolonged bed rest.

The effect of disodium ethane-1-hydroxy-1, 1-diphosphonate (EHDPTM) on bone mineral metabolism was tested in 4 healthy young men during 20 weeks of continuous bed rest. Two subjects received an oral dose of 5 mg/kg/day and the other 2 20 mg/kg/day. The low dose had two minor effects: the increase in bone accretion rate which usually occurs during bed rest was prevented, and there was an accentuation of the bed rest induced increase in hydroxyproline excretion. Skeletal mineral loss, assessed by calcium balance measurements and gamma ray absorptiometry of the calcaneus, occurred at the rate previously noted in untreated control subjects. Two types of drug effect were apparent at the higher dosage: one was immediate and sustained--a rise in serum phosphorus concentration and a fall in serum alkaline phosphatase activity. The other was delayed and progressive--a decline in urinary hydroxyproline excretion and in the rates of bone accretion and resorption. Skeletal mineral loss may have been affected; the usual negative mineral balance developed during the first half of the study, then disappeared during the last few weeks. However, gamma ray absorptiometry revealed no attenuation of the calcaneal mineral losses.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

The association of neurofibromatosis and hyperparathyroidism.

Two patients with coexisting neurofibromatosis and hyperparathyroidism are described, bringing the total number of such cases in the world literature to seven. Other more classic examples of the association of tumorous conditions of neuroectodermal and entodermal origin are discussed to support the suggestion that the association of these two diseases may be another variant of multiple endocrine neoplasia type 2 (MEN2b). It may be clinically profitable to investigate all patients with either disease in order to uncover their coexistence.

Adenoma↗
PubMed2026

Orthoplastic management of open calcaneal fractures: A systematic review of flap selection and complications.

BACKGROUND: Open calcaneal fractures are rare, high-energy injuries involving extensive soft-tissue loss and comminuted bone disruption. Successful management depends on coordinated orthoplastic reconstruction to achieve stable fixation and durable coverage. Multiple flap types have been described, yet comparative outcomes remain poorly defined. METHODS: A systematic review was performed in accordance with PRISMA guidelines (PROSPERO: CRD420251138394). MEDLINE, Embase, Cochrane CENTRAL, and Scopus were searched from January 2000 to July 2025. Studies reporting flap-based reconstruction for open calcaneal fractures in adults were included. Extracted data included flap type, fixation method, follow-up duration, and complications such as infection, necrosis, vascular crises, flap loss, and amputation. RESULTS: Thirteen studies comprising 88 major flap reconstructions were analysed. Overall flap survival was 97.7%, with two failures (both muscle/myocutaneous). Fasciocutaneous flaps showed the lowest complication rates (8.3%) with no reported cases of infection, while muscle/myocutaneous flaps demonstrated cases of infection (20%) and accounted for both flap failures and the only reported amputation. Chimeric flaps were increasingly used in recent series (n = 32), achieving reliable survival but higher vascular compromise (6.3%). Osteocutaneous flaps were rare (n = 4) and primarily used for defects with bone loss, showing infection in 50% of cases. Meta-analysis was not possible due to heterogeneity and small sample sizes. CONCLUSIONS: Fasciocutaneous flaps provide reliable, low-complication coverage for clean wounds, while muscle flaps remain valuable for contamination or complex cases with extensive tissue loss. Chimeric, and osteocutaneous flaps show promise, but larger, standardised studies are needed to clarify their roles in hindfoot reconstruction.

Humans↗
PubMed2026

The incidence and descriptive factors of calcaneal malunion after surgical fixation of intra-articular calcaneal fractures using the sinus tarsi approach: A retrospective cohort study with binary logistic regression analysis.

BACKGROUND: This study evaluated the incidence of calcaneal malunion after minimally invasive sinus tarsi approach (MIS-STA) in displaced intra-articular calcaneal fractures (I-ACFs) and identified related descriptive factors of calcaneal malunion. METHODS: A retrospective review of 99 displaced I-ACFs treated with MIS-STA was conducted. Demographic data, pre-operative radiographs, and operative details were analyzed. Outcomes included numerical rating scale (NRS) pain scores at rest and during activities of daily living (ADL), Foot and Ankle Ability Measure (FAAM) for ADL and radiographic parameters. Logistic regression was used to identify descriptive factors associated with malunion. RESULTS: Malunion occurred in 33/99 cases (33.3%). The significant descriptive factors were the initial B&#xf6;hler angle <&#x202f;0.5 &#xb0;, time to surgery >&#x202f;12.5 days, and Sanders type &#x2265;&#x202f;III. Malunion patients had significantly worse NRS and FAAM scores (p&#x202f;&#x2264;&#x202f;0.001). CONCLUSION: Calcaneal malunion after MIS-STA occurred in one-third of cases, with three descriptive factors identified and poorer outcomes observed. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: III, Comparative retrospective study with binary logistic regression analysis.

Humans↗
PubMed1976

[Measurements of bone mineral concentration ("hydroxylapatite-volume values") and of bone density in vitro and in vivo with a densitometric method using beams of two different energies (author's transl)].

The densitometric method of Rassow-Strüter (1969) using beams of two energies permits separate estimations of bone mineral and connective tissue concentrations in bone; their sum indicates bone density. The value of the method has been examined and the early results of in-vitro and in-vivo measurements are quoted. The former were obtained from pairs of macerated calcanei and vertebral bodies embedded in resin blocks. The in-vivo estimations were concerned with obtaining normal values in healthy children aged four to fifteen years and adults aged 18 to 54 years. Standard deviation, obtained from measurements of four different points of both calcanei in adults was KM 12% for Hydroxylapatite-volume values, and for bone density 14%. The average value for KM for the whole group is 198 mg/cm3 with 17% standard deviation of the single measurements compared with the average. The following-up measurements for children with renal disease do not yet allow final conclusions about the correlation of the clinical aspects of case to the measured bone parameters and their value as independent criteria. For 16 nursing mothers a significantly lower average HA volume value KM = 149 mg/cm3 +/- 21% was found.

Absorptiometry, Photon↗
PubMed1978

Metastatic tumors of the foot.

Four metastatic tumors of the foot, of colonic, renal and humeral origin, are described. They involved three calcanei and two tali. All four patients died within a few months after the appearance of metastasis to the foot. Bony destruction, pain, and swelling can closely resemble the clinical signs and symptoms of osteomyelitis. Diagnostic roentgenograms must be obtained to rule out the possibility of metastatic disease, and biopsies are usually required for accurate diagnosis.

Adenocarcinoma↗