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Results for “DATA DISPLAY”

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At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2005

Qualitative data analysis using data displays.

The amount of data generated in qualitative research can be difficult to manage. In this paper Tracey Williamson and Andrew Long discuss how the use of data displays can improve data management and also how the process can help to make the routes from raw data to research findings in qualitative research more transparent. Data displays can take several forms but share the benefit of helping to condense large amounts of data into more manageable forms. They can also help to convey information in a visually stimulating format where presentation time or column space may be limited.

Data Display↗
PubMed1999

Data display techniques.

The way data are displayed is as important as the data. The reader's ability to perceive, comprehend, and recall the information contained within the data is affected by how the data are presented. Multiple factors must be considered when designing data displays. Characteristics of the data and the intended use of the data should drive the choice of the display format. Formats for data displays can be words or numbers. Numbers can be displayed as specific values, tables, or graphs. Advantages and limitations of different types of data formats are presented. Techniques for the use of color are also included.

Color↗
PubMed1993

Integrality and meaning: essential and orthogonal dimensions of graphical data display.

There are few sound principles, rules, or laws to guide construction of graphic displays of medical data or information. The present paper describes two orthogonal dimensions of data displays: integrality and meaningfulness. These are hypothesized to be both fundamental building blocks of a theory of graphic representation and programmatically useful principles for organizing previously created graphic displays and creating new ones. Examples taken from recent medical informatics literature illustrate high and low integral vs. high and low meaningful displays. If the present analysis is correct, then pattern recognition tasks will be better supported by displays that are high on both integrality and meaningfulness. Integrality, it is hypothesized, increased the degree to which a pattern is apparent. Meaningfulness increases the degree to which a pattern, once detected, is interpretable.

Computer Graphics↗
PubMedDate not supplied

A simple method based on broken-line interpolation for displaying data from long-term clinical trials.

In displaying data from long-term clinical studies, variation across patients in the times at which readings are recorded often presents a problem. A simple method for treating such data is proposed, which avoids arbitrary conventions and methodological difficulties inherent in other approaches. It is based on within-patient broken-line interpolation, and is easy to implement on a computer. The method is tested and compared to others with computer-simulated data whose time-pattern is known. Though the comparison is of limited scope, the method appears to compare favourably with the 'closest-reading' and 'window' approaches.

Clinical Trials as Topic↗
PubMed1999

Influence of data display formats on physician investigators' decisions to stop clinical trials: prospective trial with repeated measures.

OBJECTIVE: To examine the effect of the method of data display on physician investigators' decisions to stop hypothetical clinical trials for an unplanned statistical analysis. DESIGN: Prospective, mixed model design with variables between subjects and within subjects (repeated measures). SETTING: Comprehensive cancer centre. PARTICIPANTS: 34 physicians, stratified by academic rank, who were conducting clinical trials. INTERVENTIONS: PARTICIPANTS were shown tables, pie charts, bar graphs, and icon displays containing hypothetical data from a clinical trial and were asked to decide whether to continue the trial or stop for an unplanned statistical analysis. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE: Percentage of accurate decisions with each type of display. RESULTS: Accuracy of decisions was affected by the type of data display and positive or negative framing of the data. More correct decisions were made with icon displays than with tables, pie charts, and bar graphs (82% v 68%, 56%, and 43%, respectively; P=0.03) and when data were negatively framed rather than positively framed in tables (93% v 47%; P=0.004). CONCLUSIONS: Clinical investigators' decisions can be affected by factors unrelated to the actual data. In the design of clinical trials information systems, careful consideration should be given to the method by which data are framed and displayed in order to reduce the impact of these extraneous factors.

Bias↗
PubMed1979

Patient data displaying attachment for the Bronson-Turner ophthalmic contact B-scan ultrasonoscope.

A numerical light-emitting diode data displaying attachment designed for the Bronson-Turner Ophthalmic Contact B-Scan Ultrasonoscope provides the following information: patient's identification number, date of the examination, eye examined, position of the transducer probe, and decibel setting. The light-emitting diodes are placed over the upper border of the display screen and appear automatically on all photographs of the ultrasonic display.

Data Display↗
PubMed1992

Characterization through a data display of the different cellular responses in X-irradiated small intestine.

Previous work on small intestinal radiation injury has reported changes in epithelial and non-epithelial tissues, but with few quantitative comparisons of different responses by individual cell types. The approach used here quantifies the responses of mouse duodenum to X-irradiation with 6 Gy, 10 Gy and 20 Gy, sampled three days after treatment, and 10 Gy sampled 6 hours, 1 day and 3 days after treatment. Tissue area measurements and counts per circumference for 13 different structural elements are subjected to statistical tests. New data reported here for X-irradiation include the fact that cryptal cells do not respond uniformly, indicating that the crypt/microcolony cannot always be used as a standard unit in assessing radiation injury. Non-epithelial structures, such as submucosal arterioles, are also affected. The data display also includes control-referenced ratios, from which are calculated Tissue Indices and a final Morphological Index, which estimates total structural damage. The Indices are useful in drawing attention to unexpected changes in extent or range of data sets. In addition, the Epithelial Index appears to be a sensitive indicator of radiation damage, even at low doses and early time points. The data display includes a graph of the total Indices and summary tables of data, and encourages close study of the constituent data points.

Animals↗
PubMed1993

An object-oriented approach to data display and storage: 3 years experience, 25,000 cases.

Object-oriented programming techniques were used to develop computer based data display and storage systems. These have been operating in the 8 anaesthetising areas of the Adelaide Children's Hospital for 3 years. The analogue and serial outputs from an array of patient monitors are connected to IBM compatible PC-XT computers. The information is displayed on a colour screen as wave-form and trend graphs and digital format in 'real time'. The trend data is printed simultaneously on a dot matrix printer. This data is also stored for 24 hours on 'hard' disk. The major benefit has been the provision of a single visual focus for all monitored variables. The automatic logging of data has been invaluable in the analysis of critical incidents. The systems were made possible by recent, rapid improvements in computer hardware and software. This paper traces the development of the program and demonstrates the advantages of object-oriented programming techniques.

Anesthesia Department, Hospital↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Patients' and physicians' interpretations of graphic data displays.

To assess how patients' and physicians' treatment preferences are influenced by graphic data displays (five-year survival curves), a cross-sectional survey of patients, physicians, and medical students was done in a university-based Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center. Participants in the study were 119 patients seen in a general medicine clinic, 43 physicians, and 67 medical students. Three five-year survival graphs were used. Each graph contained survival curves for two alternative unidentified treatments for an unidentified medical condition. Graph 1 was a baseline graph used in previous studies of framing effects. Graph 2 contained one survival curve having an area under the curve that was 24% greater than that in graph 1. Graph 3 contained one survival curve that had an area under the curve that was 42% greater than that in graph 1. Respondents were asked to indicate which treatment they preferred for each graph and which aspects of the five-year survival curves most influenced their choices. Respondents did not receive numerical data about the difference between the areas under the two curves. Most patients did not change their preferences across the three graphs. A significantly larger (p < or = 0.0001) proportion of physicians and medical students than of patients changed their preferences across the three graphs.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adult↗
PubMed1997

An integrated graphic data display improves detection and identification of critical events during anesthesia.

OBJECTIVE: To show that an integrated graphic data display can shorten the time taken to detect and correctly identify critical events during anesthesia. METHODS: We developed a graphic display which presents 30 anesthesia-related physiologic variables as shapes and colors, rather than traditional digits and waveforms. To evaluate the new display, we produced four critical events on a computer-based anesthesia simulator and asked two groups of five anesthesiologists to identify the events as quickly as possible. One group observed the new display while the other group viewed a traditional cardiovascular monitor with digital and waveform displays. RESULTS: The group which observed the integrated graphic display saw changes caused by inadequate paralysis 2.4 min sooner, and changes caused by a cuff leak 3.1 min sooner than those observing the traditional display. The integrated display group correctly identified the reason for the change 2.8 min sooner for inadequate paralysis, 3.1 min sooner for cuff leak and 3.1 min sooner for bleeding. These differences were all statistically significant. CONCLUSIONS: The results show that some simulated critical events are detected and correctly identified sooner, when an anesthesiologist views an integrated graphic display, rather than a traditional digital/waveform monitor.

Adult↗
PubMed1995

Motivating staff through teamwork: process review and data display.

Outlines four interconnecting factors which are essential to motivating staff: an understanding of the "psychology of excellence in teams"; establishing cross-functional quality improvement teams; understanding and reviewing processes of care and service; and the use of data display.

Attitude of Health Personnel↗