The use of fingerprints in identification.
Explore the source record for details and available documents.
Computers↗
SEARCH · PubMed Health
Results for “Fingerprint identification”
Explore indexed PubMed citations for clinical trials, systematic reviews and public health research. Read source abstracts and follow each citation to its original PubMed record.
Quote a phrase for an exact phrase match. Source license links do not imply unrestricted reuse.
The automated identification of fingerprints.
Explore the source record for details and available documents.
Automation↗
Quantitative assessment of the fingerprint evidential value using machine learning.
Fingerprints as physical evidence have long supported criminal investigation and adjudication. In practice, however, fingerprint identification relies mainly on examiners' experience. Furthermore, expert opinions tend to be categorical, even though the opinions with the same conclusion could differ substantially in evidential strength. To quantitatively assess fingerprint evidential value, this study proposes a machine learning-based framework as an interpretable decision-support tool. A lightweight residual one-dimensional convolutional neural network was constructed, incorporating channel recalibration and a similarity-driven attention mechanism to learn adaptive contribution weights for different matched minutiae (minutiae for short). Controlled experiments revealed that the predicted evidential value increased with the number of minutiae and was significantly influenced by the quality of minutiae. With 10 minutiae, the mean predicted scores were 4.49, 7.00, and 9.09 for blurred, moderately blurred, and clear minutiae, respectively. Multiple regression analysis indicated that replacing a pair of blurred minutiae with a pair of clear minutiae increased the score by 0.492, whereas replacing it with a pair of moderately blurred minutiae increased the score by only 0.216. By mapping predicted scores to graded levels of evidential strength, the framework contributes to a paradigm shift from categorical expert opinions to graded ones, helping courts evaluate fingerprint evidence more scientifically.
Humans↗
Studies on the specificity of preribosomal RNA transcription in nucleoli after selective deproteinization.
Fidelity of preribosomal RNA transcription in vitro was studied after selective deproteinization of nucleoli using either sequential salt extraction or sodium deoxycholate treatment. Homochromatography fingerprinting and identification of marker oligonucleotides from a T1 ribonuclease digest of the transcripts were used to evaluate the RNA products. These studies indicated that: (1) nucleoli retained their endogenous RNA polymerase I activity and the specificity of transcription up to 0.6 M NaCl extraction; (2) exogenous RNA polymerase I transcribed nucleolar chromatin only after 1.0 M NaCl extraction and the transcription pattern, like that of totally deproteinized DNA, was completely random; (3) extraction of nucleoli with deoxycholate resulted in a DNP complex in which the endogenous RNA polymerase I transcribed pre-rRNA specifically; however, it also initiated random transcription, producing a "mixed" fingerprint pattern on the homochromatogram. The random transcription was selectively inhibited either by deoxycholate or rifampicin AF/013. These studies indicate that the selectivity of pre-rRNA transcription is due both to the endogenous RNA polymerase I molecules that were involved in transcription in vivo and are tightly bound to the template and to factors in intact nucleoli which prevent random transcription by the released RNA polymerase I molecules.
Animals↗
Transmission of herpes-simplex virus type 1 in a nursery for the newborn. Identification of viral isolates by D.N.A. "fingerprinting".
The occurrence of herpes-simplex-virus type-1 infections in two newborn infants in a nursery within a one-month period suggested the possibility of transmission in the nursery. One infant may have been infected by his father, who had active herpes labialis at the time of the child's birth. The source of the second infant's infection was not apparent. Viruses isolated from the two infants were "fingerprinted" by cleaving the virus-specific D.N.A. with several restriction endonucleases and comparing the electrophoretic patterns. Isolates from the two infants were identical and differed from other isolates from epidemiologically unrelated cases. This observation confirmed the possibility of transmission of herpes-simplex virus type 1 in the nursery, but did not define the mode of transmission. Type-1 infections are serious in neonates: one of the infants died and an oesophageal stricture developed in the other. The "fingerprinting" technique provides a useful epidemiological technique for tracing the transmission of herpes virus infections.
Adult↗
An aid for identification of dermatoglyphic patterns in subjects difficult to fingerprint.
Explore the source record for details and available documents.
Dermatoglyphics↗
The identification of developmental fields using digital distributions of fingerprint patterns and ridge counts.
Explore the source record for details and available documents.
Dermatoglyphics↗
Fingerprinting bacterial chromosomal DNA with restriction endonuclease EcoRI: comparison of Rhizobium spp. and identification of mutants.
Total cellular DNA from Rhizobium trifolii, R. melitoti, and R. japonicum strains 110 and 117 were prepared. DNA fragments generated with restriction endonuclease EcoRI from these DNA samples were compared in agarose gels after electrophoresis. DNA cleavage patterns generated from R. japonicum strain 110, R. trifolii, and R. meliloti were clearly distinguishable from each other. Restriction endonuclease cleavage patterns of DNA from R. japonicum strain 110 and presumptive R. trifolii mutant strains that nodulate soybean were found to be similar. Rhizobium trifolii mutant strains were also lysed by a phage specific for R. japonicum strain 110. These results show that "R. trifolii mutant strains" are indeed derivatives of R. japonicum strain 110 and not R. trifolii.
Chromosomes, Bacterial↗
Limited Impact of Column Chemistry and Length on Proteome Coverage Under High-Speed DIA.
The evolution of mass spectrometry (MS)-based proteomics has been driven by continuous technological advances in sample preparation, liquid-phase separations, instrumentation, and data acquisition. Chromatographic performance has been recognized as a contributing factor to identification depth, particularly on earlier-generation MS platforms. Recent advances in MS sampling speed and sensitivity now raise the question of how strongly chromatographic quality continues to determine overall proteome coverage. We investigate how column chemistry and length influence proteome coverage and chromatographic selectivity under modern data-independent acquisition conditions, and whether traditional optimization priorities still apply. Spanning a matrix of experiments with five distinct stationary phases, including C18 chemistries, C8, and Phenyl-Hexyl, across eight column lengths (40-140 mm), we evaluate protein identification performance using data-independent acquisition on the Orbitrap Astral mass spectrometer. Despite differences in stationary-phase chemistry and column length, we observed remarkably convergent proteome coverage metrics. All C18 and C8 phases consistently achieved over 150,000 precursor- and approximately 9000 protein group identifications, regardless of column length variations. While retention fingerprints persisted across chemistries, these chromatographic differences did not translate into meaningful variations in proteome coverage under high-speed acquisition conditions at 200 Hz. Within the range of modern sub-2 μm reversed-phase materials tested, identification depth showed limited dependence on column chemistry and length, suggesting that for state-of-the-art stationary phases, method development priorities may increasingly favor operational robustness, throughput, and reproducibility over traditional separation optimization.
Proteome↗
Isolation and characterization of large transfer ribonucleic acid precursors from Escherichia coli.
Several transfer RNA precursors which accumulate in a strain of Escherichia coli temperature-sensitive for RNase P have been described. These precursors range from 135 to 690 nucleotides in length. Their tRNA content has been determined by digestion of the precursors to 4 S RNA, followed by Sanger fingerprint analysis of the purified 4 S material. Identification of some of these tRNAs, as well as an estimate of the number of copies of tRNA in each precursor has been achieved. Many of these precursor RNA molecules contain multiple copies of the same tRNA sequence, indicating a tandem arrangement of the corresponding tRNA genes in the E. coli genome.
Escherichia coli↗
CamK-DB: A k-mer MinHash fingerprint database for reference-free genotyping of Camellia accessions.
Tea (Camellia sinensis L.), a major global economic crop in Asia, poses challenges for genetic identification because its highly heterozygous, repetitive genome reduces the efficacy of conventional single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) and microsatellite markers, and interspecific hybridization further complicates the situation. To address these issues, CamK-DB was developed as a reference-free Camellia fingerprinting database built on MIKE MinHash sketches. We curated 418 candidate resequencing datasets, and built a database using standardized 5× genome-coverage fingerprints. Each accession is stored as a MIKE. jac fingerprint generated with k = 21 and recommended sketch/pre_cnt = 2000. CamK-DB provides a command-line interface for data management and a custom C++ query engine that computes top-10 matches using Jaccard similarity, complemented by a QT-based graphical interface for interactive analysis. This resource offers a robust and scalable framework for precise and routine germplasm identification, genomic phylogenetic inference, and strategic breeding program design. CamK-DB (database and code) is publicly available at https://github.com/sc-zhang/CamK-DB. CamK-DB binaries are provided for Windows 10/11 and Linux (x86_64, glibc ≥ 2.27).
Databases, Genetic↗
Mapping RNase T1-resistant oligonucleotides of avian tumor virus RNAs: sarcoma-specific oligonucleotides are near the poly(A) end and oligonucleotides common to sarcoma and transformation-defective viruses are at the poly(A) end.
The large RNase T1-resistant oligonucleotides of the nondefective (nd) Rous sarcoma virus (RSV): Prague RSV of subgroup B (PR-B), PR-C and B77 of subgroup C; of their transformation-defective (td0 deletion mutants: td PR-B, td PR-C, and td B77; and of replication-defective (rd) RSV(-) were completely or partially mapped on the 30 to 40S viral RNAs. The location of a given oligonucleotide relative to the poly(A) terminus of the viral RNAs was directly deduced from the smallest size of the poly(A)-tagged RNA fragment from which it could be isolated. Identification of distinct oligonucleotides was based on their location in the electrophoretic/chromatographic fingerprint pattern and on analysis of their RNase A-resistant fragments. The following results were obtained. (i) The number of large oligonucleotides per poly(A)-tagged ffagment increased with increasing size of the fragment. This implies that the genetic map is linear and that a given RNase T1-resistant oligonucleotides has, relative to the poly(A) end, the same location on all 30 to 40S RNA subunits of a given 60 to 70S viral RNA complex, (ii) Three sarcoma-specific oligonucleotides were identified in the RNAs of Pr-B, PR-C and B77 by comparison with the RNAs of the corresponding td viruses...
Avian Sarcoma Viruses↗
The binding site of Escherichia coli ribosomal protein S4 on 16-S ribosomal RNA from different bacterial species.
Ribosomal protein S4 of Escherichia coli was bound to 16-S ribosomal RNAs from several bacterial species and the complexes digested with pancreatic ribonuclease in an effort to isolate heterologous RNA binding sites for protein S4. 16-S RNAs from Aeromonas punctata, Pseudomonas fluorescens and Vibrio cuneatus each gave rise to protected fragments whose electrophoretic mobility was 7S, i.e. similar to that of the fragment generated from E. coli 16-S RNA using the same conditions. No comparable fragment was obtained from 16-S RNA of either Bacillus subtilis or Bacillus stearothermophilus, if E. coli protein S4 was present prior to digestion. The protected 7-S RNA fragment from A. punctata and the subfragments obtained from it by gel electrophoresis under denaturing conditions were characterized further by fingerprinting and nucleotide sequence analysis. The sequence of many of the T1 ribonuclease oligonucleotides was obtained and compared to those from the E. coli 7-S fragment. This has permitted a tentative identification of the sequences of A. punctata 16-S RNA which are protected by E. coli protein S4, namely, the regions homologous to the E. coli sequence from section M through C''. The fingerprints of the protected 7-S fragments from both P. fluorescens and V. cuneatus were sufficiently different from that of the E. coli 7-S fragment that no conclusions regarding sequence homologies could be drawn.
Aeromonas↗
Fingerprinting of carbohydrates of Streptococcus mutans by combined gas-liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry.
A modified method is described for the analysis, by gas-liquid chromatography, of various sugars as the trimethylsilyl derivatives of their methyl glycosides. The technique was employed for the analysis of the cellular carbohydrate of Streptococcus mutans NCTC 10832 and provided reproducible fingerprints, consisting of peaks due to glycerol, rhamnose, xylose, galactofuranse, glucose, N-acetylglucosamine and N-acetylmuramic acid. Absolute identification of the latter was by combined gas-liquid chromatography--mass spectrometry.
Carbohydrates↗
Approaches to sequence analysis of 125I-labeled RNA.
A method is described for the initial steps of sequence analysis of RNase T1-and pancreatic RN-ase-resistant oligonucleotides of RNA containing cytidylate residues labeled in vitro with 125I. In many cases an oligonucleotide sequence can be deduced from a consideration of (i) its relative position in the two-dimensional fingerprint (with DEAE thin layer homochromatographic second dimension), (ii) its electrophoretic mobility on DEAE paper at pH 1.9, and (iii) identification of its products of further enzymatic digestion by comparison with a set of marker oligonucleotides. Additional methods including analysis of oligonucleotides following chemical blocking of uridylate residues with CMCT and analysis of products of incomplete enzymatic digestion are also discussed.
Base Sequence↗
SSR marker development for analysis of the genetic diversity and identification of species and infraspecific ranks in the genus Phyllostachys.
Bamboo plants possess important ecological, economic, and cultural values. However, it is difficult to accurately identify them on the basis of their morphological traits alone. Here, based on the whole-genome data of moso bamboo (Phyllostachys edulis) and its 20 forms, we conducted preliminary identification and comparative analyses of simple sequence repeats (SSRs) to develop molecular markers. In total, 3,835,632 SSR loci were identified from 31,537.81 Mb of genomic sequences, among which dinucleotide SSRs were the most abundant. Most SSRs were located in intergenic regions, whereas relatively fewer were in genic regions. In addition, we found that SSR-containing genes involved in plant hormone signal transduction may be associated with the morphogenesis of moso bamboo, which was speculated to be related to differential gene expression patterns among different forms. Furthermore, 206 SSR primer pairs with polymorphisms were obtained to analyse the genetic diversity of moso bamboo and its forms, which exhibited moderate polymorphism. The proportion of genetic variation among species within the genus Phyllostachys was 58%, while that within species was 42%. Moso bamboo and its 20 forms had relatively close genetic relationships and low genetic differentiation, while 20 species of the genus Phyllostachys were clustered into three groups with distinct levels of genetic diversity. Finally, DNA fingerprints and molecular identity cards were constructed for 20 moso bamboo forms and 20 species of the genus Phyllostachys using core SSR markers. These results provide novel SSR markers for bamboo identification, germplasm conservation, and molecular marker-assisted breeding.
Microsatellite Repeats↗
Transconjugant analysis: limitations on the use of sequence-specific endonucleases for plasmid identification.
We used the sequence-specific endonucleases EcoRI, SmaI, BamHI, HsuI, and HaeIII as identification tools in following the conjugal transfer of the well-studied R plasmids Sa, R388, RP4, and R6K. Transfers were both intergeneric and intrageneric. Plasmid fingerprints were generated from both single- and combination-enzyme digests. The Sa transconjugants yielded plasmids showing consistent fingerprints for each of the respective endonucleases used, whereas the three other R-plasmid transconjugants showed fingerprint changes.
Base Sequence↗
DeepMASS v.2: An enhanced deep learning platform for large-scale discovery and structural annotation of unknown plant metabolites.
Determining the structures of unknown metabolites remains a fundamental bottleneck in plant metabolomics, as the vast chemical diversity of plant secondary metabolites far exceeds the coverage of existing spectral libraries. Here, we present DeepMASS v.2, a substantially enhanced platform for annotating unknown metabolites from liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry data, designed to address this challenge at scale. DeepMASS v.2 leverages a semantic spectral representation model trained on millions of spectra from GNPS, NIST, and in-house resources. By integrating Spec2Vec-based embeddings with HNSW (hierarchical navigable small world) graph retrieval and a unified chemical space defined by molecular fingerprints, DeepMASS v.2 identifies structurally related neighbors of unknown spectra and ranks candidate structures according to their proximity to the predicted structural neighborhoods within chemical space. Benchmarking against Critical Assessment of Small Molecule Identification datasets and a curated natural product collection demonstrated that DeepMASS v.2 outperforms state-of-the-art in silico annotation tools, including SIRIUS, CFM-ID, MetFrag, and MS-Finder. Importantly, DeepMASS v.2 maintains strong performance for metabolites absent from spectral libraries, highlighting its capacity to annotate genuinely unknown compounds. Application of DeepMASS v.2 to large-scale plant metabolomics datasets demonstrated its ability to expand accessible metabolome coverage. Implemented as an intuitive web platform, DeepMASS v.2 provides the community with a scalable, interpretable, and high-throughput solution for structural annotation, enabling more comprehensive characterization of plant chemical diversity and accelerating natural product discovery in molecular plant science. The DeepMASS v.2 web server is publicly available at http://deepmass.cn.
Metabolomics↗