PubMed Health⌕ Search

SEARCH · PubMed Health

Results for “Genista”

Explore indexed PubMed citations for clinical trials, systematic reviews and public health research. Read source abstracts and follow each citation to its original PubMed record.

Quote a phrase for an exact phrase match. Source license links do not imply unrestricted reuse.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2004

Phenotypic and genomic characteristics of rhizobia isolated from Genista tinctoria root nodules.

Forty three rhizobial strains isolated from root nodules of Genista tinctoria growing in England, Ukraine, and Poland were compared with 21 representatives of the recognized rhizobial species and two unclassified Bradyrhizobium sp. (Lupinus) strains by performing a numerical analysis of 102 phenotypic features and with the reference bradyrhizobia by simplified AFLP analysis with one restriction enzyme PstI and one selective primer PstI-A. All Genista tinctoria microsymbionts were slow-growing bradyrhizobia with generation time of 10-14 h, acid tolerant, salt sensitive, and antibiotic resistant. Cluster analysis based on the phenotypic properties of all bacteria included, grouped dyer's broom rhizobia together with Bradyrhizobium strains, and classified them into three major phena according to their geographic origin. Genista tinctoria nodule isolates were separated into three clusters with the strain composition as in a phenogrouping by AFLP patterns. The presented results, suggest the relationship of G. tincoria microsymbionts to Bradyrhizobium species and show the usefulness of AFLP analysis for differentiation and classification of the studied rhizobia.

Acids↗
PubMed2003

Determination of genistein in the Turkish Genista L. species by LC-MS.

In this study, Genista species growing in Turkey were analysed for their total and free genistein content by using LC-MS method. The highest amount of total and free genistein was found in Genista tinctoria as 1.05% and 0.27% respectively and trace amount in G. libanotica. Total and free genistein content of the aerial parts of other Genista species varied from 0.01 to 0.18% and from 0.01 to 0.13% respectively.

Anticarcinogenic Agents↗
PubMed2006

Capillary electrophoresis-mass spectrometry characterisation of secondary metabolites from the antihyperglycaemic plant Genista tenera.

Genista tenera is endemic to the Portuguese island of Madeira, where an infusion of the aerial parts of the plant is used in folk medicine as an antidiabetic agent. Consequently the medicinal properties of the secondary metabolites of this plant have been the subject of an ongoing study. A recently reported LC-MS method using a 100 min separation allowed identification of five flavonoid components in an extract of the aerial parts of this plant. In order to obtain additional information on the range and complexity of the plant's secondary metabolite components a CE-MS method has been developed and applied for the analysis of an extract of G. tenera. Twenty-six different components are distinguished in an analysis time of only 10 min. Results demonstrate that CE-MS/MS rapidly generates data complementary to those obtainable by LC-MS/MS and is particularly suited to the analysis of plant metabolites where concentration is not limiting.

Electrophoresis, Capillary↗
PubMed2006

Phylogeny of nodulation genes and symbiotic properties of Genista tinctoria bradyrhizobia.

Pairwise comparisons of Genista tinctoria (dyer's weed) rhizobium nodA, nodC, and nodZ gene sequences to those available in databanks revealed their highest sequence identities to nodulation loci of Bradyrhizobium sp. (Lupinus) strains and rhizobia from other genistoid legumes. On phylogenetic trees, genistoid microsymbionts were grouped together in monophyletic clusters, which suggested that their nodulation genes evolved from a common ancestor. G. tinctoria nodulators formed symbioses not only with the native host, but also with other plants of Genisteae tribe such as: Lupinus luteus, Sarothamnus scoparius, and Chamaecytisus ratisbonensis, and they were classified as the genistoid cross-inoculation group. The dyer's weed root nodules were designated as indeterminate with apical meristem consisting of infected and uninfected cells.

Acyltransferases↗
PubMed2005

Liquid chromatography-diode array detection-electrospray ionisation mass spectrometry/nuclear magnetic resonance analyses of the anti-hyperglycemic flavonoid extract of Genista tenera. Structure elucidation of a flavonoid-C-glycoside.

The anti-hyperglycemic flavonoid extract obtained from Genista tenera was first studied by liquid chromatography (LC)-diode array detection (DAD) which showed the presence of two major compounds. One of them was identified as genistein-7-O-glucoside. Luteolin-7-O-glucoside was detected as a minor constituent, while luteolin-7,3'-di-O-glucoside and rutin were found in trace amounts. LC-DAD-ESI-MS and NMR were used to confirm the structure of these compounds and allowed the elucidation of the structure of the unknown major compound, which is the flavonoid 5,7,4'-trihydroxyisoflavone-8-C-glucoside.

Carbohydrate Conformation↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Genista tinctoria hairy root cultures for selective production of isoliquiritigenin.

Hairy root cultures were established after inoculation of Genista tinctoria in vitro shoots with Agrobacterium rhizogenes, strain ATCC 15834. In transformed roots of G. tinctoria grown in Schenk-Hildebrandt medium without growth regulators the biosynthesis of isoflavones, derivatives of genistein and daidzein, and flavones, derivatives of luteolin and apigenin, characteristic for the intact plant, was completely inhibited. The only compound synthesized in G. tinctoria hairy roots was isoliquiritigenin (2.3 g/100 g DW), a daidzein precursor absent in the intact plant. This compound was stored entirely within cells and it was not until abscisic acid was added (37.8 microM supplement on day 42) that approx. 80% of it was released into the experimental medium. The paper discusses the effect of abscisic acid on the growth of G. tinctoria hairy root cultures, the biosynthesis of isoliquiritigenin and the way it is stored. A prototype basket-bubble bioreactor was designed and built to upgrade the scale of the G. tinctoria hairy root cultures. With immobilized roots and a new aeration system, large amounts of biomass were obtained (FWmax 914.5 g l(-1)) which produced high contents of isoliquiritigenin (2.9 g/100 g DW). The abscisic acid-induced release of the metabolite from the tissue into the growth medium greatly facilitated subsequent extraction and purification of isoliquiritigenin.

Bioreactors↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Two-stage system for micropropagation of several Genista plants producing large amounts of phytoestrogens.

A two-stage method for in vitro propagation of six Genista species from shoot tips was developed. Multiple microshoot cultures were obtained by growing the shoot tip explants on Schenk and Hildebrandt medium supplemented with 9.84 microM 6-(gamma,gamma-dimethylallylamino)-purine and 0.99 microM thidiazuron. The best shoot elongation was achieved on Schenk and Hildebrandt medium containing 4.92 microM indole-3-butyric acid. The rooting of shoots brought best effects (100%) on Schenk and Hildebrandt medium with 2.68 microM 1-naphthaleneacetic acid. HPLC analysis indicated that six-month-old regenerated plants as well as the herb of intact plants produced a rich set of simple flavones (derivatives of luteolin and apigenin) and isoflavones (derivatives of genistein, daidzein, formononetin and biochanin A). Multiple microshoot cultures of all species produced no simple flavones at all. In vitro shoots accumulated selectively a rich group of phytoestrogens in the form of aglucones, glucosides and esters (derivatives of genistein and daidzein). Cultures obtained in vitro synthesized many times more isoflavones than the intact plants. In all shoots which were micropropagated the dominating compound was genistin (e.g. shoots of G. tinctoria--ca 3281.4 mg per 100 g dry weight). Possible influence of tissue differentiation on isoflavone content under in vitro and in vivo conditions is discussed.

Acclimatization↗
PubMedDate not supplied

A phytochemical study of the quinolizidine alkaloids from Genista tenera by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry.

Gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry has been used to analyse the alkaloids present in the aerial parts of Genista tenera. Anagyrine, cytisine, N-formylcytisine, N-methylcytisine and lupanine were the major compounds, the last two alkaloids being known for their hypoglycaemic activity. Dehydrocytisine, 5,6-dehydrolupanine, rhombifoline, aphylline and thermopsine were the minor alkaloids. The characterisation of the constituents was based on comparison of their Kovats retention indexes and electron impact-mass spectrometric data recorded on-line with those of reference compounds and literature data.

Alkaloids↗
PubMed2001

Structural characterisation of flavonoids and flavonoid-O-glycosides extracted from Genista tenera by fast-atom bombardment tandem mass spectrometry.

Genista tenera is a plant native to the Madeira Island (Portugal). From the ethanol extract of its powdered aerial parts, two flavones, three isoflavones and one 7-O-glucosyl isoflavone were isolated. A mass spectrometric study of these compounds was performed using liquid secondary ion mass spectrometry (LSIMS) in combination with high-energy collision-induced dissociation (CID) and tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS). Characteristic fragmentation patterns were observed in all the investigated compounds; the loss of small neutral species from the protonated molecules was useful for identifying the presence of specific functional groups in the A- and B-rings. In order to help to establish the proposed structures, NMR and UV studies were also performed.

Flavonoids↗
PubMed2001

Quinolizidine alkaloids from Genista ephedroides.

Alkaloids retamine, anagyrine, lupanine, 17-oxoretamine, 12-alpha-hydroxylupanine were detected, along with four others unidentified compounds in the aerial parts of Genista ephedroides D.C.

Journal Article↗
PubMed1998

Flavonoids from genista ephedroides

Three new flavonoids (1-3) and 11 known compounds (genistein, isoprunetin, wighteone, laburnetin, alpinumisoflavone, genistin, genistein 8-C-glucoside, apigenin, isokaempferide, licoflavone C, and D-pinitol) were isolated from the aerial parts of Genista ephedroides. The structures of the new compounds were established as hydroxyalpinumisoflavone (1) [4', 5-dihydroxy-2"-methyl-2"-hydroxymethylpyrano(5",6":6,7)isoflavone], ephedroidin (2) [4',5, 7-trihydroxy-8-(2-hydroxy-3-methyl-3-butenyl)flavone], and genisteone (3) (7-O-glucosylwighteone) by means of spectroscopic methods.

Journal Article↗
PubMed2000

A new isoflavone from Genista corsica.

A new isoflavone (1), dihydroisoderrondiol [(3' 'S,4' 'R)-5,7,3' ', 4' '-tetrahydroxy-2' ',2' '-dimethyl-3' ',4' '-dihydropyrano(5' ',6' ';3' ',4' ')isoflavone], was isolated from aerial parts of Genista corsica, together with 11 previously known compounds [daidzein, isoprunetin, isoderrone (2), ficuisoflavone (3), luteolin, luteolin 4'-O-beta-glucoside, luteolin 7-O-beta-glucoside, taxifolin, 5-methoxytaxifolin, sucrose, and D-pinitol]. The structure of 1 was elucidated by spectroscopic methods.

Fabaceae↗
PubMed1992

Effects of genistein, an isoflavone isolated from Genista tridentata, on isolated guinea-pig ileum and guinea-pig ileal myenteric plexus.

The inhibitory action of the major constituent of Genista tridentata L. (Papilionaceae), 4',5,7-trihydroxyisoflavone (genistein), on contractions induced by agonists and electrical field stimulation of smooth muscle was analysed. Genistein inhibited twitches evoked by electrical-stimulation of strips of guinea-pig ileum with an IC50 value of 34 microM. Genistein (34 microM) inhibited contractions of the guinea-pig ileum by several agonists in a non-selective, antispasmodic action and had no effect on inhibition of 3H-ACh release from ileal myenteric plexus. Genistein (34 microM) produces an increase in cAMP levels of guinea-pig ileum which resulted in a smooth muscle relaxation which leads us to think that there must be a blockade of its phosphodiesterase.

Animals↗