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At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1979

Adenocarcinoma of the vagina in a patient with gonadal dysgenesis.

Adenocarcinoma of the vagina is an uncommon tumor. Many theories have been postulated for its etiology and tissue origin. Its occurrence in young women exposed in utero to diethylstilbestrol has pointed to estrogen influence as a possible etiologic factor. A case of adenocarcinoma of the vagina in a patient with gonadal dysgenesis is presented, and histologic and electron-microscopic observations are discussed. This patient is unique in that development of the vaginal neoplasm occurred in the absence of estrogen influence.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1979

Severe dysplasia and carcinoma in situ of the vagina.

Papanicolaou smears for early detection of carcinoma in situ of the cervix has been a well-recognized method of screening patients for over 30 years. The necessity for Papanicolaou smears following hysterectomy, especially for benign disease, has been a controversial subject. Twenty-two cases of carcinoma in situ of the vagina, over a period of 18 years, at the Huntington Memorial Hospital in Pasadena, California, are presented. Ninety-five percent of the lesions were first suspected by use of the Papanicolaou smears. Approximately half of previous hysterectomies were performed for benign disease. The various methods of treatment employed and the complications in these patients are discussed.

Carcinoma in Situ↗
PubMed1978

Squamous cell dysplasia and carcinoma in situ of the cervix and vagina after prenatal exposure to diethylstilbestrol.

Squamous cell abnormalities of the vagina and cervix were evaluated in 1424 women exposed to diethylstilbestrol (DES) in utero. The prevalence of dysplasia was 2.1% and the incidence 0.85/100 person-years of followup. The dysplastic epithelial changes were almost always mild in women with no prior history of dysplasia and was slightly more frequent in the cervix than the vagina. Severe dysplasia and carcinoma in situ (CIS) were encountered only in those subjects specifically referred because of those abnormalities. The most common problem in the diagnosis of these squamous cell changes was the misinterpretation of mature and immature metaplastic cells for dysplastic squamous cells. Discordance between biopsy and cytology was common-place in the detection and followup of dysplasia, especially when it was mild. There were no instances in the study where cytology and biopsy samples from the vagina were both abnormal concurrently. Colposcopically directed biopsies did not increase the frequency of confirmation of cytologic findings. These data suggest that both cytology and biopsy of abnormal segments of the vagina and cervix remain an integral part of the examination of the DES-exposed female during long-term follow-up studies.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1979

Colposcopy.

Colposcopy is the ideal method of establishing the site, nature and extent of abnormal areas of the uterine cervix or vagina. Use of the three modalities of cytology, colposcopy and histology will enable an accurate diagnosis to be made. Appropriate, well documented treatment can be planned and confirmed under anaesthesia. Follow-up of treated lesions can also be accurately performed.

Colposcopy↗
PubMed1978

Squamous cell carcinoma in situ of the vagina and cervix after intrauterine DES exposure.

Two patients exposed in utero to maternal DES ingestion presented with adenosis. Each developed intraepithelial neoplasia in an area of active metaplastic change. The question is raised whether a continuum exists beginning with DES exposure and proceeding through the occurrence of adenosis and active squamous metaplasia to dysplastic alteration and finally squamous neoplasia. Since the cytologic smear is negative in 50% of cases during the dysplastic phase, it is recommened that all cases of adenosis be followed by colposcopy.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

Development of DES-associated clear-cell carcinoma: the importance of regular screening.

Because the rate of malignancies in young women exposed in utero to diethylstilbesterol (DES) is low, appropriate population screening methods have not been established. A case is presented that is believed to represent the first reported instance of a DES-exposed daughter who developed clear cell adenocarcinoma of the vagina after initially negative examinations. The patient was followed with Papanicolaou smears, pelvic examinations, and colposcopy every 6 months for 2 years prior to the discovery of malignancy. Initially negative, Papanicolaou smears successfully predicted the presence of an early adenocarcinoma. Palpation aided by colposcopy allowed directed biopsy of the small asymptomatic lesion. This case underscores the necessity for frequent vaginal cytologic smears and pelvic examinations at intervals no greater than 6 months. Colposcopy is indicated to direct biopsies when an abnormal cytologic smears is reported or when abnormal bleeding or discharge occurs. Biopsy of any palpable lesion is mandatory.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1976

Müllerian adenosarcoma of the uterine cervix with heterologous elements: a light and electron microscopic study.

A müllerian adenosarcoma with heterologous elements having the gross appearance of a sarcoma botryoides occurred in the uterine cervix of a 14-year-old girl. Histologically, the tumor was composed of an admixture of benign-appearing glands and a sarcomatous stroma, the latter containing areas of undifferentiated sarcoma and endometrial stromal sarcoma, as well as heterologous elements consisting of rhabdomyosarcoma and hyaline cartilage. No malignant epithelial component was observed. The distribution of benign müllerian-type glands throughout the tumor simulated a malignant mixed müllerian tumor in appearance. Ultrastructural studies of the stromal elements of the neoplasm suggest origin from primitive müllerian stroma, and the glands have features of primitive müllerian epithelium. This study supports the concept that the malignant mixed müllerian tumor and related müllerian sarcomas originate from a common undifferentiated multipotential müllerian stem cell.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1976

The ultrastructural morphology of gynecologic neoplasms.

Our knowledge of the morphology and pathogenesis of malignant neoplasms of the female genital tract has traditionally depended heavily on their light microscopic characteristics. The introduction of transmission, and most recently, scanning electron microscopy, into the field of gynecologic pathology has resulted in a considerable improvement in the diagnosis of genital cancers that are difficult to classify and has provided valuable information for a better understanding of their subcellular dynamics and pathogenetic development. This paper describes and illustrates the ultrastructural alterations that are considered specific for the most common malignant and potentially malignant neoplasms of the genital system in this context. The value of electron microscopy in the morphologic study of genital cancers warrants its increased use in routine diagnostic pathology, as well as further evaluation of it in basic research in this challenging area of investigation.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1976

Viruses and cancer of the lower genital tract.

The importance of viruses as oncogenic agents in animals is well established. Recent work suggests that viruses may also be etiologically related to some human cancers. Herpes simplex virus type 2 (HSV-2) and the genital wart virus are prime suspects in carcinomas involving the female lower genital tract. In particular, a close association has been found between HSV-2 infection and cervical neoplasia in cytohistopathologic and seroepidemiologic studies. Preliminary results of prospective studies show further that women with genital herpetic infection are at increased risk of developing cervical neoplasia. Additional studies are also in progress on animal models, including subhuman primates, and efforts continue in the attempt to confirm the presence of viral genetic material or its expression in human cervical cancer cells. The possibility that human wart viruses have an oncogenic potential is suggested by clinicopathologic and electron microscopic observations. Further research is needed to ascertain the precise role of viruses in genital cancer.

Adenoviridae↗
PubMed1976

The management of stage III carcinoma of the endometrium.

Ten percent of all patients with endometrial carcinoma have Stage III disease at the time of presentation. The management, the features of their disease, and their prognosis are quite different than those of patients with Stage I disease. This report is based on 37 patients with Stage III carcinomas. For their treatment, a program of definitive radiation therapy was applied. Eleven patients had a prior total abdominal hysterectomy (TAH) and bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy (BSO). On the basis of the tumor extension, three main patterns were identified: 1) downward into the vagina or the vagina and the cervix; 2) lateral into the parametrium and the pelvic wall; and 3) to the ovaries. This classification carries therapeutic and prognostic significance. Ovarian extension has the best prognosis when treated by TAH and BSO followed by postoperative radiotherapy. Extension to the vagina or to the vagina and the cervix can be treated successfully by a combination of external beam and local radium placements. Patients with pelvic wall extension have the poorest prognosis. They comprise maore than 50% of all cases with Stage III tumors and have exhibited persistent or recurrent disease even when treated at high dose levels. The cumulative survival rates for the entire stage were 50% at the end of the first year, 32% at the end of the second year, and 25% at the end of the fifth year.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1977

Benign blue nevus of the vagina.

Pigmented lesions of the vagina are very rare. A benign blue nevus of the vagina in a 73-year-old woman, diagnosed clinically as malignant melanoma, is presented. Although 15 cases of blue nevi of the uterine cervix have been reported, this is the first case of blue nevus located exclusively in the vagina.

Aged↗