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Biomedical subjects

A Demaille

Publications and source records attributed to A Demaille.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1985

Time dependency in plasmatic protein binding of cisplatin.

The rate of cisplatin binding on proteins was measured in plasma collected from the same patients at several different times of the day. Statistical analysis showed that binding on plasma followed a circadian rhythm with the acrophase occurring around 4 PM. The amplitude of the apparent circadian variation of the binding depends on each patient (mean value, 11%). The binding capacity of plasma was also found to be time-dependent when the patients were prehydrated. The existence of a circadian rhythm in total protein concentration of the plasma could explain the observed results. Since cisplatin is bound more quickly on proteins in the afternoon, the circulating levels of free cisplatin must be lower when the injection is given at this time of day and this may partly explain the reduction in nephrotoxicity for some patients when cisplatin is injected in the afternoon.

Blood Proteins↗
PubMed1985

[Aminoglutethimide-induced dyslipidemia. Experimental study].

Aminoglutethimide (AG) is a drug that inhibits steroid synthesis; it is used in advanced breast cancer. After the observation of abnormalities in lipid metabolism in patients, we realized an experimental study to try to look for a pathogenetic hypothesis. Three groups of rats received respectively AG, Hydrocortisone (HC) or both (AG + HC) and were compared to controls. Animals treated with AG (with or without HC) had a greater liver content of triglycerides, cholesterol and phospholipids than controls. Cholesterol plasma level was higher in animals treated with AG + HC. The bile flow was higher in rats receiving AG and AG + HC whereas biliary salt concentrations were lower. These variations could be the consequence of both an enzymatic induction and an inhibition of some cytochrome P450 dependent hydroxylases.

Aminoglutethimide↗
PubMed1984

[Cancer and pregnancy].

During the last decades, our ideas on the cancer-pregnancy association have been radically altered. Induced abortion, which has long been considered a prerequisite to successful treatment of cancer in such cases, is now performed only if requested by a fully informed mother or if embryotoxic chemotherapy is required. Many authors disagree that pregnancy has detrimental effects on cancer and believe that this only applies to breast cancers with axillary lymph mode involvement. Epidemiologists have shown that obstetrical factors are closely related to the risks of breast, endometrial and ovarian cancers. In some cancers, particularly in children and young adults, cure cannot be considered complete it has been obtained at the cost of infertility. To preserve fertility without reducing the prospects of cure is one of the major objectives of treatment in young cancerous patients.

Abortion, Therapeutic↗
PubMed1984

Characterization of prolactin receptors in human breast cancer.

In order to perform measurement of PRL binding and to improve the knowledge of pathophysiological variations in human mammary cancers, we have investigated in detail the binding characteristics of PRL in membranes prepared from these tumors. The optimization of the assay requires the selection of membranous components of light density (less than 1.17); the tracer could be either 125I-PRL after affinity purification on PRL receptors or 125I-hGH without a purification step. It is favorable to utilize a high amount of protein and 200 000 cpm (2 ng) of tracer. Demonstration of the presence of receptors for PRL with a high affinity (Kd= 3 X 10(-10) M) in breast cancer is presented. The hormonal specificity of these receptors is studied: only lactogenic hormones (hGH, oPRL, hPRL, and hPL) are able to compete for binding of 125I-hPRL whereas bGH or insulin are without effect. Considering the known effect of PRL on cell multiplication, it is tempting to suggest that this hormone could have a crucial role in the development of breast tumor in humans and that therapies which would suppress secretion of PRL and GH could be beneficial.

Breast Neoplasms↗
PubMed1984

[Our experience with the pectoralis major musculocutaneous flap. Apropos of 57 cases].

One of the most important technical advances in cervicofacial plastic surgery over the last few years is undoubtedly the use of the musculocutaneous flap from pectoralis major. A review of its application in 57 cases showed the flap to be of excellent viability (5% total necrosis of flap), and to offer multiple possibilities during primary surgery or that following radiation. Indications and excision limits can be extended, particularly in buccopharyngeal surgery, providing and appreciable functional gain (particularly disappearance of pain), even though long-term carcinologic advantages are deceiving.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

[Adjuvant chemotherapy of cancer: immediate costs and long-term risks].

Medical, psychologic, socio-professional and economic side effects of adjuvant chemotherapy are frequent. Some of these are not easily recognized with accuracy. They influence directly the life of treated patients and perhaps later their medical future. They involve the quality of life for cancer patients, after initial curative treatments. Indications for adjuvant chemotherapy cannot be extended without comparative evaluation of their advantages and disadvantages. It is necessary to select patients with the highest probability of improvement in the duration and the quality of life and to give them so active but the least toxic treatments possible.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1984

[Adjuvant chemotherapy of cancer of the ovary].

The aim of adjuvant chemotherapy is to cure micrometastatic disease and to prevent relapses after apparently complete surgical exeresis. It is almost always administered after initial surgical treatment, except for stage IA1 malignant epithelial tumours and stage I-II pur dysgerminomas. Chemotherapy combines anthracycline, an alkylating agent, a plant alkaloid and cis-platinum, for 4-8 months. After second-look laparotomy, if no more macro or microscopic tumor have been discovered, adjuvant chemotherapy does not seem necessary. However it is when all residual tumor has been excised or cyto- and/or histologic controls are positive. Optimal schedules are not yet perfectly defined. In some cases, a third look laparotomy should confirm the absence of tumor in order to stop treatment. Side effects (hematologic, gastrointestinal, neurologic, renal) are frequent. It is necessary to recognize patients able to benefit from chemotherapy and to define the least toxic treatment.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

In vitro interactions of TNO6 with human plasma.

The ability of TNO6 to react with human plasma was investigated by in vitro incubation of plasma or plasma fractions with injectable TNO6. HPLC, ultrafiltration and flameless atomic absorption spectrophotometry were used to separate the platinum-containing chemical species and to measure the platinum content. The initial concentration of TNO6 in plasma declines very rapidly. The kinetics of the loss of initial TNO6 is very different from that of cisplatin loss. Most of the TNO6 is bound more quickly to proteins, while a little is transformed to less reactive or nonreactive platinum species. The level of final nonreactive platinum species depends on the particular plasma concerned. In addition, the reactivity of TNO6 towards proteins is very sensitive to Cl- concentration. The usefulness of HPLC for the study of TNO6 kinetics is demonstrated.

Cisplatin↗
PubMed1983

Cis-platinum complex with retained prolactin receptor specific binding.

Two complexes of prolactin and platinum have been synthetized and their biological activity was assayed by radioreceptor assay. Only the cis-platinum prolactin complex retains the capacity of native prolactin to bind to cell receptor membrane. Prolactin could be used to increase the specificity of cis-platinum to cells with prolactin receptors.

Cisplatin↗
PubMed1983

Lymphocytes T and pharmacokinetics after a single oral dose of levamisole in healthy and cancer subjects.

Levamisole, an anthelmintic drug with immunopotentiating activity, is shown to have variable effects on cell-mediated immunity. We have studied the effect of a single oral dose (2.5 mg/kg or 5 mg/kg) on early and spontaneous E rosettes percentages in healthy and cancer patients. Pharmacokinetic study of this compound was conducted in parallel. The results indicated that single administration of levamisole (2.5 mg/kg) in healthy men can promote an increase of early E rosettes with mean peak plasma level of 0.8 micrograms. ml-1. On the other hand, there was no change in the proportion of early E rosettes in cancer patients and in the proportion of spontaneous E rosettes in healthy and cancer subjects.

Humans↗
PubMed1983

[Nasopharyngeal epitheliomas: experience of the Regional Cancer Control Center in Lille (79 cases 1970-1982)].

From 1970 to 1982, 79 cases of nasopharyngeal carcinomas were treated at the Regional Cancer Center of Lille (France). At the term of the study, it appears that patients of Central Europe origin have a rather high risk of NPC (17% of cases, that ethnic population representing about 8% of all superior aerodigestive tract carcinomas). The classical differences between well and undifferentiated tumors are founded, the first presenting local spread the other general involvement.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1981

Dihydropteridine-reductase activity in breast cancer. Preliminary report.

The dihydropteridine-reductase activity was measured in 206 breast cancers. Large variations were found: 6% of tumors showing high values closed to those noted in liver, whereas the main group has activities of same magnitude of that in cultured fibroblasts. Significant correlation appeared between dihydropteridine-reductase activities and hormonal dependence, as measured by cytosolic estrogen receptor sites.

Breast Neoplasms↗