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Biomedical subjects

A I Pirogov

Publications and source records attributed to A I Pirogov.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1985

[Postoperative mortality and means of reducing it in patients with lung cancer].

The report discusses a 20 year-old experience with surgical treatment for lung cancer. In 1961-1980, the following surgical procedures were carried out in 1,100 cases of lung cancer: pneumonectomy--417 (38%), lobe- and bilobectomy--506 (46%), and exploratory thoracotomy--117 (16%). The range of indications for surgical treatment has been extended within the last 10 years; the percentage of surgical cases older than 60 years has grown from 17 to 35%, with patients older than 70 amounting to 12%. Risk of surgery for lung cancer has been reduced thanks to complex and pathogenetically-grounded therapy given before and immediately after operation as well as application of improved surgical and anesthesiologic support procedures. Among the most frequent death-causing post-operative complications were thromboembolism of the pulmonary artery, bronchial fistula, empyema of the chest and cardiopulmonary failure.

Aged↗
PubMed1984

[Primary multiple cancer of both lungs].

The study summarizes the experience gained in the treatment of 46 cases of bilateral primary multiple cancer of the lung (synchronous cancer--17 and metachronous--29). Criteria for establishing primary multiple cancer and choice of treatment procedure are suggested. Surgery for bilateral cancer was carried out in 15 cases (metachronous tumor--11; synchronous--4). Radiation treatment was given to 8 patients (synchronous tumor--4, metachronous--4) and chemotherapy--to 7 patients (synchronous tumor--2, metachronous--5). The advantages offered by active surgical intervention in management of primary multiple bilateral cancer of the lung are discussed.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1983

[Combined (surgical and drug) therapy of lung cancer].

The paper deals with an evaluation of the immediate and end results as well as the rates of lung tumor progression in the course of surgical and combined therapy including different schedules of long-term administration of preparation CCNU. Combined therapy was shown to be followed by a longer remission and survival, as compared with cancer patients in control. The said effect was particularly pronounced is cases of squamous-cell carcinoma and in patients treated with levomycetin.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1983

[Therapeutic approach in cancer of the esophagus with special reference to its potential metastasis].

A long-term experience with dissemination of tumor of different parts of the esophagus was evaluated using the results of resected material examination and post-operative follow-up. Schemes of treatment for different degree of metastatic spread of esophageal cancer are discussed. Diagnostic laparatomy is recommended prior to surgery, radiation or combination treatment of tumor of the median or lower thirds of the esophagus; laparatomy should remove paracardial lymph nodes, nodes of the lesser omentum as well as retroperitoneal nodes located along the left gastric artery, those in the vicinity of the bifurcation of gastric artery and along the upper boundary of the pancreas. If retroperitoneal lymph nodes are involved, resection of the esophagus is useless and radiation treatment may be recommended as palliation only. Cases of metastases in paracardial lymph nodes or those of the lesser omentum should be provisionally referred to a group of candidates for surgery, while the actual expediency of surgical, radiation or combined treatment of such cases is subject to further evaluation, as more data accumulate. In cases of cancer of the lower third of the esophagus, revision and surgery (radiation) should be carried out in the mediastinal lymph nodes located along the esophagus up to the bifurcation of the trachea; when the median third is involved--along the entire thoracic part of the esophagus; in cases of cancer of the upper third--along the esophagus up to the bifurcation of the trachea, including the cervicosubclavicular lymph nodes.

Esophageal Neoplasms↗
PubMed1983

[Modern possibilities of the surgical treatment of lung cancer].

The twenty-year experience gained in the surgical treatment of 1,100 cases of lung cancer at the Clinic of Thoracic Oncology and Reanimation Department of the Center is summarized. Surgical and anesthetic procedures, premedication and methods of postoperative intensive care following resection or removal of the lung are discussed. The paper contains a detailed description of age-associated and concommitant diseases. Factors contributing to extension of indications for surgical treatment of lung cancer are analysed. Prevention and treatment of postoperative complications are considered.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1980

The potentialities and prospects for surgical methods of diagnosis of cancer of the lung.

Surgical methods of diagnosis make it possible to determine in patients with lung cancer the actual local extension of tumour and its metastatic foci. The diagnostic thoracotomy plays an important role in the complex diagnosis of lung cancer. Diagnostic thoracotomy has been performed in 109 out of 1215 patients with lung cancer and other lung lesions suspicious for cancer. Primary lung cancer, mostly at early stage, was detected in 50 out of 109 patients. Among 308 patients who had been subjected to Daniels operation, metastases were revealed in 130 cases (42.2%); prescalene lymph nodes were found inpalpable in 12.4% and palpable in 64.4% of cases. Mediastinoscopy carried out in 262 patients revealed metastases in 36.2% of cases. Parasternal mediastinotomy allowed definition of the degree of tumor extension in 49.5% of cases. Application of laparoscopy and laparotomy revealed metastases in the organs of the abdominal cavity and retroperitoneal space in 13.5% of patients. Results of studies show a definite relationship between the frequency of metastases development in the lymph nodes and distant organs and tumor site as well as clinico-anatomical forms and morphological structure of tumor. Application of surgical diagnostic methods should be done according to strict indications.

Abdominal Neoplasms↗