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Biomedical subjects

B Blaive

Publications and source records attributed to B Blaive.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1987

[Intravenous theophylline in the treatment of asthma attacks].

Intravenous administration of theophylline for acute asthmatic attacks treatment requires statistical adjustment of the dosage. In the absence of a residual level the former one is of 6 mg/kg for the loading dose and 0.6 mg/kg/h for the maintenance dose. In case of non estimated residual rate, it's possible either not to use the loading dose, or to use a reduced dosage of 3 mg/kg. In both cases, the maintenance dose is 0.7 mg/kg/h. In future, rapid theophylline dosage technics should allow a more appropriate adaptation in emergency treatment.

Asthma↗
PubMed1986

[Surgery of microcellular bronchial cancer: retrospective multicenter study apropos of 110 cases].

The results of a multicentric retrospective study of 110 cases of small cell bronchial cancer are reported. In 57 of these patients the histological diagnosis was unknown before surgery. Among the remaining 53 patients, 22 were operated upon immediately and 31 after chemo-and/or radiotherapy (12 full responders, 10 partial responders, 5 no change and 4 in relapse). Operative data were as follows: 100 excisions and 10 exploratory thoracotomies; 19 perioperative complications, including 12 deaths; excision considered complete in 78 cases; pericardial involvement in 14 cases; invasion of the hilar lymph nodes in 57 cases, of the mediastinal lymph nodes in 39 cases; positive bronchial section in 16 cases. Overall median survival was 13.8 months for all patients and 18.3 months (perioperative deaths excluded) for patients whose tumour had been excised. At the moment, 46 patients have relapsed with recurrence at the initial site of malignancy alone in 6 cases (13%) and both at this site and at one or several metastatic sites in 10 cases (21.7%). Nineteen patients have survived for more than 2 years. An analysis of the subgroups in this population showed that the longest survivals were obtained in patients who had undergone preoperative chemotherapy.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

[Significance and evaluation of theophyllinemia in clinical medicine].

The theophyllinemia variations depend upon some factors: -observance of treatment, time of blood swab posology, laboratory technic, concomitant drugs, method of adaptation selected and the mean of administration. The theophylline title is a very important biologic parameter, necessary to the asthma treatment survey through such drug. Daily posology may be adapted to this titrate.

Asthma↗
PubMed1985

[Dyspnea with hypoxemia in a case of cirrhosis with portal hypertension].

Following insertion of a Leveen's valve after surgical portocaval anastomosis, a male patient with alcoholic cirrhosis developed dyspnoea with hypoxaemia. An interstitial syndrome was present in the lower lobes. Other findings were: polycythaemia (Hb 20 g/100 ml), subnormal spirometric values, decrease in CO transfer capacity, normal pulmonary compliance, absence of intracardiac shunt and pulmonary arterial hypertension and absence of bronchial or alveolar lesions on a surgical lung biopsy. Blood gas measurements and radioisotope explorations led to the conclusion that the patient had an anatomical shunt predominant in the lower parts of the lungs, associated with a shunt effect and a transfer disorder. The anatomical shunt was due to pulmonary arteriovenous microfistulae, some of which were visualized by superselective angiography. Catheterization of the portocaval anastomosis eliminated any shunt between the portal system and the pulmonary veins.

Arteriovenous Fistula↗
PubMed1985

[Therapeutic importance and tolerance of coated 50 mg Vectarion tablets (almitrine bismesylate) at a dosage of 100 mg/day. Study of blood gas, clinical and biological results after a year of long-term treatment].

The objectives of this study, in which Almitrine bismesylate was administered for one year in chronic bronchitics with obstructive hypoxia, were to assess its clinical and gasometric efficacy and its clinical, laboratory, spirometric and electrocardiac acceptability. The blood gas results show a significant rise in PaO2 (p less than 0.001) rising by 5.5 mmHg after 6 months (T6) and by 6.0 mmHg after 12 months (T12) in comparison with the value at the study's onset. The PaCO2 fell by 3.3 mmHg at T6 and 2.7 mmHg at T12 (p less than 0.001). The dyspnoea of the patient, scored by the doctor on a scale of severity from 0 to 5 was situated on a mean of 3.3 points at the beginning of the study. It was significantly reduced by 0.8 points at T6 and by 0.9 points at T12 (p less than 0.001). The percentage of patients hospitalised during the course of the study fell significantly in comparison with the previous year, from 68% to 49% (p less than 0.001). The improvement in clinical status and in blood gases bore no relation to changes in respiratory function. The clinical acceptability of the product was good; few side effects were observed and the respiratory, digestive and neurological problems were often pre-existing. They only led to cessation of treatment in three cases. The electrocardiogram was unchanged. The laboratory investigations was unchanged, with the exception of a fall in red blood cells in relation to the correction of the hypoxaemia in polycythaemic patients.

Almitrine↗
PubMed1985

[Double-blind study of Biostim in the prevention of superinfection in patients with chronic bronchopathy].

In a multicenter trial conducted with patients suffering from chronic bronchopathy, Biostim, an immunomodulating compound of biological origin has been studied using the double-blind placebo-controlled method for prevention of respiratory tract infections. One hundred and ten patients from 10 french pneumology health centers entered the study. The treatment was administered at random in three sequences of 8 days a month for 3 months (2 mg/day the first month, 1 mg/day the second and third months). Patients were separated into 2 groups regarding severity of the disease: group I (non complicated chronic bronchitis); group II (obstructive chronic bronchitis with or without respiratory failure). Patients were examined during 6 months with a monthly appraisal of number, duration and treatment clinically defined infectious episodes. The study of propensity to infections with respect to severity of the disease in patients given placebo showed a significantly lower number of infectious episodes in group I when compared to group II. In the group I (patients suffering from simple chronic bronchitis), no significant difference could be noted between placebo and Biostim but, at all events, the low frequency of episodes makes it difficult to evidence a protective effect in such a group. In contrast, with patients presenting a high infectious risk (group II), one can observe in Biostim treated patients compared with placebo group a significant decrease of infectious episodes and a larger number of patients standing free of episodes throughout the whole period of trial. Tolerance to Biostim has revealed itself satisfactory.

Adjuvants, Immunologic↗
PubMed1985

[Intravascular bronchiolo-alveolar tumor. Study of a form with angiosarcomatous tendency].

Intravascular bronchiolo-alveolar tumor (IVBAT) is a rare pulmonary neoplasm of assumed endothelial nature. We report a new case of peculiar interest because of the association of a diffuse pulmonary involvement with multiple visceral localisations, which has scarcely been proved during life. We found out a striking endothelial differentiation on microscopic examination. The presence of F VIII RAg in many tumor cells as well as the ultramicroscopic findings support the endothelial differentiation. Thus, we regard our case of IVBAT as an aggressive form of the disease behaving as a real angiosarcoma.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

[Compliance with long-term respiratory assistance in patients with chronic respiratory insufficiency].

The domiciliary treatment of severe chronic respiratory failure (I.R.C.) by oxygen or assisted ventilation was accomplished by members of a recently created national organisation (ANTA-DIR, 1980). This work reports the results of a survey carried out in Nice on 19 patients (12 men and 7 women) followed for more than a year. A questionnaire was filled in at the home of each patient, primarily to assess the functional outcome and the level of compliance of the therapy prescribed. We noticed and 86% drop in the number of days spent in hospital over a 2 year period. An analysis of the diary cards on the use of respiratory equipment, as well as oxygen consumption compared to the therapy initially prescribed, allowed an analysis of the degree of patient compliance. This was very good in only 3 out of 19 subjects and on average the prescribed therapy was followed for only two thirds of the time. However, a functional evaluation using simple clinical criteria showed a discernible improvement in 11 patients, who had a better quality of life and a greater autonomy since coming under supervision.

Aged↗
PubMed1984

[Indwelling transtracheal sound for oxygen administration in the patient with hypoxic chronic respiratory insufficiency].

A new technique for administering oxygen to patients with severe chronic respiratory failure is reported. It consists of introducing a catheter, 2 mm in diameter, into the trachea between the second and third tracheal rings under local anesthesia. The technique was used in a 70-year old patient with severe chronic obstructive lung disease and resulted in significant reduction of dyspnoea, improvement in general condition with a weight gain of 6 kg in 6 months, and a 15 mmHg increase in arterial partial oxygen pressure for the same oxygen flow rate. This technique appears to be indicated for patients with chronic respiratory failure whenever dyspnoea is not adequately reduced by oxygen given through a nasal tube.

Aged↗
PubMed1984

[Diagnostic and therapeutic approach in thromboembolism disease. Reflexions apropos of 105 cases].

105 patients suffering from thrombo-embolic disease (MTE) were explored by venography of the lower limbs, ilio-vena cavography and pulmonary angiography at the time of the initial diagnostic work up. These examinations served as a control for the different therapies, anticoagulants, thrombolytics, curative and preventive surgery, separately (77 controls) or in association (92 controls). From the base-line vascular investigations it appears that the gravity of the pulmonary emboli was not correlated with either a proximal or distal site of venous thrombosis. From the results of controlled therapy there were significant differences between the efficacy of medical treatment at the level of the pulmonary artery and at venous level where the progression of phlebo-thrombosis was often seen. Recurrence of emboli and overall prognosis of the disease usually depended on the persistence of thrombi at venous level. Such a phlebo-thrombosis is rarely aggravated by techniques of partial interruption of the inferior vena cava (IPVCI) which ensure effective protection of the pulmonary circulation. The IPVCI often appears to be the only effective method of preventing recurrent pulmonary emboli, which has led us to reconsider its indications.

Angiography↗
PubMed1983

[Prevention of pulmonary embolism by the Kimray-Greenfield filter. 22 cases].

At present, the Kimray-Greenfield filter appears to be the best intraluminal method for preventing thromboembolism, as it is simple, effective and innocuous. The authors report their experience in the first 22 cases. They were surprised by the frequent problems encountered in installing the filter, especially by the femoral route. Two accidents occurred during the procedure: a filter introduced through the jugular vein migrated as soon as it was released, and a patient developed sudden and irreversible coma during passage of the guiding instrument behind the clavicle. Cavographies performed in 10 patients after one month or more disclosed two thromboses of the inferior vena cava and a tipped-over filter. Eight filters remained permeable. No recurrence of pulmonary embolism was observed.

Aged↗
PubMed1983

[Value of the test of unilateral pulmonary artery blocking in the preoperative evaluation of bronchial cancer].

Results of the test of unilateral blockage of a pulmonary artery (UBPAT) were compared with those of respiratory function tests in the pre-operative investigation of 31 patients with bronchial cancer. Results were also compared with functional tolerance of patients treated by pneumonectomy. Follow-up hemodynamic explorations were performed postoperatively in eight of these patients. Values for pulmonary artery pressure obtained during the UBPAT appear to be much more discriminatory than the ventilatory parameters studied for predicting functional tolerance following pneumonectomy. Apart from some complexity in its performance this test appears to be a valid one, when associated with pulmonary angiography, for pre-operative investigation of bronchial cancer patients at high functional risk.

Aged↗
PubMed1982

[The theophylline test. Indications for the effective daily dosage (author's transl)].

The great variability in the metabolism and degradation of theophylline in different people demands an individual dosage to be effective; this is to maintain the theophylline levels between the threshold of therapeutic activity (10 mg/L) to the upper limit of tolerance (15 to 20 mg/L according to different studies). The effective individual doses may be determined before commencing treatment by a Theophylline Test. This allows the dose over 24 hours to be specified as well as the number of tablets necessary to maintain the theophylline levels in the chosen range. The principle of the Theophylline Test is to administer intravenously a test dose of theophylline, then with 5 successive samples for blood theophylline to assess the individual elimination of the drug. For each subject two pharmacokinetic parameters are determined: clearance and plasma half life. The plasma clearance allows the total dose over 24 hours to be calculated, the half life the number of doses and the type of preparation used: microkrystalline theophylline (Techniphylline), slow release theophylline (Theophylline Bruneau) and prolonged action theophylline (Armophylline).

Adolescent↗