Biomedical subjects
B Leroy
Publications and source records attributed to B Leroy.
[Fetal response to stimuli].
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Biodynamics of the wrist: radiologic approach to scapholunate instability.
A study of 126 normal wrists has allowed us to determine the normal laxity of the scapholunate complex (36 degrees) by measuring and comparing the range of movement of each of these two bones on sagittal views on x-ray films. There was no difference between dominant and nondominant hands. A study of eight cadaver wrists and 13 pathologic wrists has shown greater SL in the presence of scapholunate ligament lesions. The measurement of SL on dynamic sagittal views on x-ray films can detect a pathologic laxity between these two bones. A minimal 15 degrees difference between a normal and a pathologic wrist is reliable.
[Congenital factor XII deficiency: a rare cause of increased activated cephalin time].
The fortuitous detection of an increased activated cephalin clotting time is often dependent on defects of the blood-clotting factors synthesized by the liver, haemophilia or von Willebrand's disease, circulating anticoagulants or specific deficiencies of various factors necessary for blood-clotting mechanisms. Much more rarely, it may be due to an isolated Hageman factor defect. This deficiency does not lead to an increased bleeding tendency and surgery has proved surprisingly uneventful. On the other hand, thromboembolic events may appear. Being and inherited disease with autosomal recessive transmission, the discovery of Hageman factor deficiency must lead to a complete family investigation.
[Atracurium and cirrhosis: clinical study of the curariform action].
Hepatic function influences the action of muscle relaxants. Among these drugs, the elimination of atracurium does not depend on liver function. The clinical effects of atracurium were studied in ten patients with portal hypertension and some degree of liver dysfunction and in ten normal patients. The cirrhotic patients underwent resection of oesophageal varices while control patients underwent abdominal surgery. All patients received 0.6 mg X kg-1 atracurium as a first intravenous bolus injection and 0.2 mg X kg-1 incremental doses. The delay of action, the degree of neuromuscular block and the delay of reversal of the block were compared. No statistically significant differences were observed. It is suggested that non significant differences observed could be attributed to an increased volume of distribution of drugs in the cirrhotic patient. These results would suggest that atracurium may be the best relaxant in patients with severe liver failure.
Radiological study of the mobility of the scapho-lunate joint.
Based on the study of 126 wrists, it was possible to determine that 36 degrees of normal laxity exists in the scapholunate complex. This was documented by the comparative measurements of the total range of movement of these two bones on sagittal plane X-rays. No difference between the dominant and non dominant hands was observed. Cadaveric experimental studies as well as the records of 13 pathological wrists showed that scapholunate laxity was greater when the scapholunate ligament was involved. Measuring scapholunate movements on sagittal motion roentgenographic views can detect pathological laxity between these two bones, considering that 15 degrees is the minimal difference permitted.
[Immunologic thrombopenic purpura in children: therapeutic trial with high dose of intravenous gamma globulins].
Fifteen children with immunological thrombocytopenic purpura were treated by first intention with high dose intravenous gammaglobulins (Venoglobulins and Sandoglobulins). Nine children recovered after the first injection with platelet counts greater than 50,000/mm3 after 2 days' treatment, so countering the risk of haemorrhage. One child required a second course of treatment and was then cured. Three children had temporary rises in their platelet counts and then relapsed; two children did not react at all to the treatment. The most interesting feature of this new therapeutic approach is the possibility of preventing serious haemorrhagic complications in cases of severe thrombocytopaenia (less than 10,000/mm3) by inducing a rapid rise in the platelet count.
[Transient anomaly of coagulation in a viral disease. Association of acquired factor II deficiency with antiprothrombinase anticoagulant].
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[Induction of thymidine kinase synthesis by 5-androstene-3 beta,17 beta-diol in the uterus of the immature rat].
In uteri from immature female rats, thymidine kinase activity was largely increased by administration of 5-androstene-3 beta, 17 beta-diol. Kinetic studies showed that the enzyme activity reached its maximum level 30 h after hormone administration. That increase in thymidine kinase activity was dose-dependent and could be related to the synthesis of new molecules of enzyme. Moreover, it was exclusively observed in target-organs for estrogens. It was concluded that 5-androstene-3 beta, 17 beta-diol which results from the metabolism of dehydroepiandrosterone had estrogen-like properties with regard to the induction of thymidine kinase.
[The value of ultrasonography in the diagnosis of uterine malformations].
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[Bupivacaine-fentanyl combination in obstetric epidural anesthesia. Apropos of 203 cases].
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[Early jejunal feeding by transanastomotic catheter after cephalic duodenopancreatectomy. 75 cases].
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Uterine height and umbilical perimeter curves in twin pregnancies.
From previous research, which gave standard curves for the evolution of uterine height and umbilical perimeter according to gestational age in the case of single pregnancies, the authors propose curves which show the variations of these two parameters in twin pregnancies. The observed differences are sufficient to allow a diagnosis of twin pregnancy as soon as the 18th week of amenorrhea. This observation is interesting because, until now, a systematic early B-scan examination has not been performed as a rule.
Intrauterine growth charts for twin fetuses.
In addition to centile curves for birth weight and height of single infants, the authors offer similar biometric references for twins derived from a large French data base. The aim of the work is to assist in discovering small-for-date twins. In the actual prenatal environment, the curves show a decrease in the evolution of these growth parameters in comparison with the single pregnancy standards as early as the 30th week of pregnancy.
[Prevention of hepatic encephalopathy by perfusion of a solution of branched-chain amino acids in the surgical cirrhotic patient].
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[The influence of pethidine on uterine activity and dilatation of the cervix in spontaneous labour (author's transl)].
Two series of patients, randomly selected, 29 of whom had pethidine and 29 of whom had a placebo, were compared in order to study the influence of intra-muscular pethidine on uterine activity and on the speed with which the cervix dilated. The experiment was a double blind one. A significant increase in the basal tone of the uterine muscle was found 40 minutes after the injection in the group that received pethidine, although there was no other significant difference in the other parameters which were intensity, frequency, length, surface of the contractions [half the height multiplied by (X times) the base on the monitor recording], uterine activity in Montevideo and in Toulouse units and the speed of dilatation. These results do not bear out the classical hypotheses of the muscle relaxing effect of pethidine, and in particular that the uterus relaxes better between contractions, nor that there is relaxation of the cervix in labour. The indication for the use of pethidine is perhaps justified because of its analgesic effect, but as far as favouring dilatation of the cervix in labour is concerned is at best worthy of discussion.
[Antithrombin III during pregnancy and puerperium (author's transl)].
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[Contraception through the use of intravaginal spermicides during the post-partum period].
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