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Biomedical subjects

B R Møller

Publications and source records attributed to B R Møller.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1985

Pivampicillin in treating genital infection with Chlamydia trachomatis.

Pivampicillin was used to treat urogenital colonisation with Chlamydia trachomatis in 41 women and 24 men who yielded chlamydiae but not gonococci. They were treated for 10 days. All but one patient gave negative chlamydia cultures 10 days after the start of treatment, and all 65 patients gave negative results at the second examination seven days later. Ten days of treatment with pivampicillin seems to be the optimum to eradicate C trachomatis from the lower genital tract in man.

Ampicillin↗
PubMed1985

Serological evidence that chlamydiae and mycoplasmas are involved in infertility of women.

Women with a history of infertility for 2 or more years were examined by hysterosalpingography (HSG) and antibodies against Chlamydia trachomatis, Mycoplasma hominis and M. genitalium were measured by a microimmunofluorescence technique in sera obtained immediately before HSG. Of 45 women with abnormal HSG findings, 15 (33%) had antibodies to C. trachomatis and 16 (35.5%) to M. hominis. In contrast, of 61 women with normal HSG findings, only 8 (13%) and 7 (11.5%) had antibodies to these micro-organisms, respectively. Antibody against M. genitalium was found in 26 of the patients (20% abnormal HSG and 28% normal HSG), indicating the need for further investigation of the significance of this mycoplasma in female infertility. The present results do confirm, however, that C. trachomatis is an important cause of infertility in women and suggest strongly that M. hominis is implicated.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

Chlamydia, mycoplasmas, ureaplasmas, and yeasts in the lower genital tract of females. Comparison between a group attending a venereal disease clinic and a control group.

162 women were investigated. Group I consisted of 85 women, who were partners to men with non-gonococcal urethritis (NGU) or presented macroscopic signs of cervicitis; patients who had harbored Neisseria gonorrhoeae were excluded from the study. Group II was a control group of 77 women without any complaints from the urogenital tract and with normal findings at pelvic examination. All the women were tested for infection with Chlamydia trachomatis, Mycoplasma hominis, Ureaplasma urealyticum, and Candida albicans. In group I, chlamydiae and mycoplasmas were recovered in 44% and 36%, respectively, the corresponding figures for the control group (group II) being 5% and 19%. The difference is highly significant. No such difference between the two groups was found for ureaplasmas. Sixteen percent of the patients in group I were positive for C. albicans; 12% were positive in group II. Fifty per cent of asymptomatic NGU-partners were chlamydia-positive, and about one-third of patients with either dysuria or vaginal discharge harbored the organism. No difference in the isolation frequency of mycoplasmas was observed between asymptomatic partners to male NGU carriers and women with increased vaginal discharge, whereas the organism was isolated more frequently from patients with dysuria. Fifty-nine per cent of patients with cervicitis were chlamydia-positive, compared with 30% of patients with normal cervical appearance and normal vaginal discharge. Samples obtained from the cervix were more often positive than samples from the urethra. In conclusion, if samples can be taken from only one of the two sites in patients with lower genital tract infection, the cervix is the optimal sampling site.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1985

Acute upper genital-tract disease in female monkeys provoked experimentally by Mycoplasma genitalium.

The oviducts of two grivet monkeys and three marmosets, all sexually mature animals, were inoculated with Mycoplasma genitalium at laparotomy. The mycoplasma was not recovered from the grivet monkeys, nor from the oviducts of the marmosets although it was isolated intermittently from the vagina of two of the latter animals up to 4-6 weeks after inoculation. In contrast, all of the animals developed antibody to M. genitalium measured by a micro-immunofluorescence technique. It developed rapidly in the grivet monkeys but slowly in the marmosets, being detected first about 1 month after inoculation with a maximal response by 2 months. Furthermore, despite an absence of vaginal discharge or cytological response, all the animals developed a moderate to severe endosalpingitis characterized by the infiltration of acute inflammatory cells into the tubal epithelium, together with a lumenal exudate and adhesions between the mucosal folds. The changes are similar to those produced by Chlamydia trachomatis in simian models and naturally in women.

Animals↗
PubMed1984

Serological evidence implicating Mycoplasma genitalium in pelvic inflammatory disease.

31 women with acute pelvic inflammatory disease, in whom serum antibodies to Chlamydia trachomatis and Mycoplasma hominis could not be detected, were examined for antibodies to Mycoplasma genitalium by a microimmunofluorescence technique. About 40% of them had a fourfold or greater change in the titre of antibody during the one-month period after the onset of disease. This evidence implicates M genitalium in the aetiology of pelvic inflammatory disease.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1984

Pelvic inflammatory disease after hysterosalpingography associated with Chlamydia trachomatis and Mycoplasma hominis.

A total of 116 women were referred for hysterosalpingography because of primary or secondary infertility. Chlamydia trachomatis was isolated from the cervix of four (3.4%) of the patients whereas Mycoplasma hominis was isolated from 39 (33.6%) of them. Four patients developed acute pelvic inflammatory disease after hysterosalpingography; two of them were chlamydia culture-positive and developed a significant chlamydial antibody response during the course of the disease. One of the other two patients, who developed upper genital-tract infection, was culture positive for M. hominis and developed a significant antibody response to this micro-organism. The results indicate that C. trachomatis should be sought in patients before hysterosalpingography and, if detected, appropriate antibiotic cover should be instituted before the procedure.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

The grivet monkey as a model for study of vaginitis. Challenge with anaerobic curved rods and Gardnerella vaginalis.

The grivet monkey was used as an experimental model for vaginitis. Gardnerella vaginalis was used for challenge in one monkey. G. vaginalis plus a long variant (LCR) of a hitherto unclassified anaerobic curved rod (CR) in another 2 monkeys, this LCR alone in 2, a short variant (SCR) of CR in 2, and G. vaginalis plus SCR in one monkey. All the bacterial strains had been isolated from human vaginal specimens. In the 2 monkeys exposed to G. vaginalis plus LCR, distinct signs of bacterial vaginosis characterized by a thin, grey and translucent discharge appeared after 5 days and were still present at the end of the 6-week observation period. LCR alone produced, if anything, a slight increase in the vaginal discharge after about 4-5 weeks. In the remaining monkeys there was no increase of vaginal secretion. The CR could still be isolated at the end of the observation period. LCR persisted for 9 months in one monkey, without having produced any obvious signs of vaginitis, which, however, did appear when the monkey was challenged with G. vaginalis too. G. vaginalis could be recovered up to 12 days after incubation in the monkeys also infected with CR, but at no time from the monkey challenged with G. vaginalis only. Bacteria of the G. vaginalis morphotype could be observed in Gram-stained vaginal smears collected throughout the observation period. Although having certain limitations, the model would seem to be of use for the study of bacterial vaginosis. Such a model in primates has not hitherto been available.

Animals↗
PubMed1983

Leukocyte counts and microbiologic cultivation in the diagnosis of puerperal mastitis.

In order to study the value of leukocyte counts and quantitative microbiologic cultivation of milk in the diagnosis of puerperal mastitis, 491 milk samples from nursing women were examined. In milk samples from mammary glands without inflammatory symptoms, leukocyte counts were less than 10(6)/ml of milk, and the milk was sterile or harbored less than 10(3) bacteria/ml. Samples from mammary glands with inflammatory symptoms could be divided into three groups. In one group, leukocyte counts were less than 10(6)/ml of milk, and cultivation results were similar to those of mammary glands without symptoms. The symptoms persisted for an average of 2.1 days. These cases were considered as milk stasis. In another group, the leukocyte counts were greater than 10(6)/ml of milk, but the milk was sterile or contaminated by skin flora bacteria. Average duration of symptoms was 5.3 days. These cases were considered as noninfectious inflammation of the breast. In the third group, leukocyte counts were greater than 10(6)/ml of milk and bacteria occurred in numbers of greater than 10(3)/ml, which suggests the presence of infectious mastitis. In these cases only antibiotic treatment should be recommended.

Animals↗
PubMed1983

Treatment of dysplasia of the cervical epithelium with an interferon gel.

Human leukocyte interferon was incorporated into a hydrophilic gel and applied to the cervix of six patients suffering from moderate to severe dysplasia or carcinoma in situ of the cervix. Only patients showing no spontaneous regression during at least 27 consecutive weeks were admitted to the trial. The diagnoses were established by Papanicolaou smears and biopsy specimens of the cervix. The gel was applied directly on the cervix twice weekly for six weeks, and only minor clinical improvements were seen. However, after an additional six weeks, six of six patients responded positively; three of them regressed completely. No side effects were noted.

Administration, Topical↗
PubMed1982

Autoantibodies in patients with acute salpingitis caused by Chlamydia trachomatis.

Autoantibodies were investigated by the indirect immunofluorescence method in 10 women with salpingitis caused by Chlamydia trachomatis and in 22 controls. Smooth-muscle antibodies (SMA) of the IgG and IgM class and IgM-antinuclear antibodies (ANA) were found more frequently in patients with salpingitis than in controls (p = 0.024, p = 0.001 and p = 0.015, respectively), but the titres were low (10-80) in both groups. Other antibodies (IgG-ANA, glomerular antibodies, parietal cell antibodies and reticulin antibodies) were uncommon in both patients and in controls. An in virus and mycoplasma infections IgM-SMA occurred most often in the beginning of the disease.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1982

Demonstration of chlamydial inclusions in exfoliated cells.

Microscopic demonstration of chlamydial inclusions within cells offered the first laboratory procedure supporting the clinical diagnosis of chlamydial infection. The cytological test for the detection of chlamydial inclusions in genital tract infection, through not as sensitive as isolation in cell cultures, is still of diagnostic value. The present study discusses the collection of clinical specimens for microscopic examination, the preparation, fixation and staining of slides by Giemsa stain, iodine, and immunofluorescence.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

Animal models for the study of Chlamydial infections of the urogenital tract.

Various experimental animal models have been used for the study of chlamydial infections of the urogenital tract. Experimental urethral and vaginal inoculation of guinea pigs with the guinea-pig inclusion conjunctivitis agent provoke urogenital infection. Direct inoculation of this agent into the uterine horns of guinea pigs induced an acute self-limiting salpingitis. In cats, urethritis and vaginitis have been produced with the feline keratoconjunctivitis agent. The results obtained by using the grivet monkey as an animal model for the study of chlamydial infections of the urogenital tract indicate that Chlamydia trachomatis is able to cause inflammation of the urethra, the spermatic cord, and the epididymis of male grivet monkeys. In female grivet monkeys, the organism can cause inflammation of the cervix, the endometrium, and the fallopian tubes. In some cases, tubal occlusion can be demonstrated several weeks after the inoculation.

Animals↗
PubMed1982

Chlamydia trachomatis in acute and chronic endometritis.

The present report describes microbial, serological, and histological findings in chlamydial endometritis. Irregular bleeding, frequently seen in salpingitis patients, suggests endometritis, being a common manifestation of that disease. Chlamydia trachomatis is known to be a principal etiological agent of acute salpingitis. Chlamydiae can be recovered from the uterine cavity of such patients. A dense plasma-cell infiltration is seen in patients in whose endometrial epithelial cells chlamydial inclusions are found. A significant antibody response may be demonstrated in such patients. In acute salpingitis, the presence of chlamydial endometritis supports evidence from experimental animal studies that indicate a canalicular spread of chlamydiae from the cervix to the fallopian tubes.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

Pelvic infection after elective abortion associated with Chlamydia trachomatis.

Two groups in Denmark and Sweden, totalling 943 healthy women in the first trimester of pregnancy who were undergoing elective abortion, were examined in a prospective study. Group 1 consisted of 432 women from Denmark, all examined prior to and 2 weeks after the operation. At the first examination, samples were taken from the cervix for the isolation of chlamydiae and gonococci. Chlamydia trachomatis was isolated from 23 (5.3%) of the women. Postoperatively, 15 patients developed acute pelvic inflammatory disease (PID). Five of these patients harbored C trachomatis before the operation, and all 5 developed a significant change in the titer of immunoglobulin G microimmunofluorescence antibodies to the organism. In group 2, 25 (4.9%) of the 511 women from Sweden harbored C trachomatis before the intervention. Patients with chlamydiae were treated, before or in conjunction with the operation, with antibiotics active against chlamydiae. None of the women with cultures positive for chlamydiae showed signs of PID postoperatively. The difference in the postoperative frequency of PID in chlamydia-positive patients between groups 1 and 2 was significant (2P = .0393, Fisher exact test). Gonorrhea was diagnosed in 1% of the women in both groups. Only 1 of these patients developed PID postoperatively, but no pili antibodies to Neisseria gonorrhoeae were found during the course of the disease. It is concluded that women applying for abortion should be examined and treated not only for gonorrhea but also for infection with C trachomatis either before or, at the latest, in conjunction with the abortion.

Abortion, Induced↗