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Biomedical subjects

B R Møller

Publications and source records attributed to B R Møller.

At least 73 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1981

Attempts to produce gynaecological disease in grivet monkeys with Ureaplasma urealyticum.

Attempts were made to infect grivet monkeys with Ureaplasma urealyticum, including strains freshly isolated from patients with infection of the genito-urinary tact, laboratory reference strains and simian strains. The organisms were inoculated directly into the uterine tubes exposed at laparotomy, or through the cervical canal into the uterine cavity before endometrial curettage; but only colonisation, of up to 5 months' duration, was achieved, without evidence of inflammation in the genital tract or elsewhere, and without an antibody response.

Animals↗
PubMed1981

Antibodies to Chlamydia trachomatis, Mycoplasma hominis, and Neisseria gonorrhoeae in sera from patients with acute salpingitis.

Paired sera from 60 consecutive patients with acute salpingitis, confirmed by laparoscopy, were examined for serum antibodies to Chlamydia trachomatis, Mycoplasma hominis, and Neisseria gonorrhoeae. By a microimmunofluorescence (MIF) test IgM or IgG antibodies to C trachomatis or both were present in sera from 80% of the patients' by indirect haemagglutination (IHA) tests antibodies to M hominis and N gonorrhoeae pilar antigens were present in 40% and 18% respectively. In a control group of 50 pregnant women antibodies to the same three organisms occurred in 8%, 8%, and 6%. Evidence of current chlamydial infection was found in 35 (58%) and of current gonococcal infection in five (8%) of the 60 patients by culture or serological tests or both. The results of chlamydial antibody tests correlated with the severity of the tubal inflammation (as shown by laparoscopy) and the duration of the lower abdominal pain before attendance. The predictive values of a positive and a negative MIF test result were 44% and 83% respectively and of the IHA gonococcal antibody test 36% and 100% respectively. Significant rises in titre of antibodies to M hominis were found in 12% of patients. A four-fold or greater rise in titre indicated probable double infections with chlamydia and mycoplasmas in 7% of patients. Thus, at present gonococcal salpingitis appears to form only a small proportion of all cases of salpingitis in southern Sweden, and in patients with nongonococcal salpingitis infections with C trachomatis and M hominis commonly occur.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1981

Endometritis caused by Chlamydia trachomatis.

Chlamydia trachomatis was found to be the aetiological agent of endometritis in three women with concomitant signs of salpingitis. All patients developed a significant antibody response to the organism. Chlamydia were recovered from aspirated uterine contents of two patients and darkfield examination of histological sections showed chlamydial inclusions in endometrial cells in one patient. Thus, C trachomatis can be recovered from the endometrium of patients in whom the cervical culture result is negative. In one patient curettage showed endometritis with a characteristic plasma-cell infiltration. The occurrence of chlamydial endometritis may explain why irregular bleeding is a common finding in patients with salpingitis. It also suggests a canalicular spread of chlamydia from the cervix to the Fallopian tubes.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1981

Comparison of serological tests for detection of Mycoplasma hominis antibodies in female Grivet monkeys with experimentally induced salpingitis.

Four serological tests, viz. indirect hemagglutination (IHA), metabolism inhibition (MI), immunofluorescence (IMF), and a modification of the growth-inhibition (GI) test have been compared for the detection of antibodies against Mycoplasma hominis in female grivet monkeys with experimentally induced pelvic inflammatory disease. Moreover, cold hemagglutinins (CHA), and immunoglobulins, M, G, and A have been determined. The IHA test was found to be superior to the other methods used. The antibodies were present in all inoculated monkeys two weeks after the inoculation and a maximum in titre occurred one week later. Antibodies detected by the modified GI test occurred in all monkeys inoculated with the organism together with the IHA antibodies, but the maximum in titre was less marked. The IMF test was less sensitive than the GI test; the antibodies generally occurred later and disappeared faster. Using the MI test, no antibodies could be detected in any of the monkeys during the experimental period and no CHA antibodies were found in any of the sera. IgM rose earlier and declined more rapidly than IgG. It is concluded that the IHA test is most suitable for the measurement of serum antibodies caused by infection with M. hominis in grivet monkeys. The modified GI test, although less sensitive, may also be useful because of its simplicity in performance.

Animals↗
PubMed1980

Experimental pelvic inflammatory disease provoked by Chlamydia trachomatis and Mycoplasma hominis in grivet monkeys.

Pelvic inflammatory disease was produced by inoculation with Mycoplasma hominis and Chlamydia trachomatis directly into the fallopian tubes of grivet monkeys. The effects of various routes of infection were examined. The method of inoculation with the infecting agent influenced the resulting clinical spectrum. In these monkeys significant changes in humoral antibodies occurred with inflammation caused by both M. hominis and C. trachomatis. Development of cellular antibodies against M. hominis could be demonstrated in all experimentally infected monkeys, whereas no such antibodies could be detected in monkeys with chlamydia salpingitis. M. hominis in female grivet monkeys may spread from the cervix or the uterine cavity, probably via blood vessels and lymphatics, producing parametritis and "exosalpingitis." C. trachomatis may spread from the cervix via the uterine mucosa, producing endosalpingitis with destruction of the epithelium. The infection caused by M. hominis in the genital tract of female grivet monkeys resembles "nongonococcal" salpingitis while C. trachomatis produces infection resembling "gonococcal" salpingitis.

Animals↗
PubMed1980

Experimental epididymitis and urethritis in grivet monkeys provoked by Chlamydia trachomatis.

Recently Chlamydia trachomatis has been indicated as a common cause of acute epididymitis in young men. In the present study, the grivet monkey was established as an experimental model for such infection. A yolk sac suspension of C. trachomatis, immunotype K, was inoculated into the left spermatic cords of two monkeys. On days 7 and 14 postinoculation (pi), the left testis of each monkey was enlarged to twice its normal size. The epididymis and the spermatic cord on the same side were swollen and reddened. All layers of spermatic cord were infiltrated with lymphocytes and polymorphonuclear leukocytes, and the lumen, which was filled with an exudate, was reduced in diameter. The luminar epithelium was destroyed. The ducts of the left epididymis were filled with an inflammatory exudate. The epithelium was flattened, but there were no lesions. The seminiferous tubules of the left testis were normal, but edema and hyperemia were observed in the interstitial tissue. The right spermatic cord was inoculated with noninfected yolk sac suspension. On the right side, no inflammatory reactions were seen in the testis, the epididymis, or the spermatic cord. The monkeys had a yellowish discharge 7 to 14 days pi. Urethral smears revealed an preincubation values were found.

Animals↗
PubMed1980

Experimental infection of the upper genital tract of female grivet monkeys with Mycoplasma fermentans.

Mycoplasma fermentans inoculated directly into the uterine tubes of female grivet monkeys produced a self-limiting acute salpingitis and parametritis. The inflammation was accompanied by a significant rise in titre of specific indirect haemagglutinating antibodies. Inoculation of M. fermentans into the uterine cavity through the cervical canal without dilatation of the cervix produced practically no signs of inflammation and no antibody response. However, when the intrauterine inoculation of mycoplasmas was followed by currettage of the endometrium, in animals whose uterine tubes had been closed by ligatures, pronounced upper genital-tract inflammation developed, together with a significant antibody response.

Animals↗
PubMed1980

Experimental acute pyelonephritis in grivet monkeys, provoked by Staphylococcus saprophyticus.

Urinary tract infection by Staphylococcus saprophyticus was provoked in two female grivet monkeys. A non-hemagglutinating strain of S. saprophyticus was injected into the renal pelvis of one of the animals (monkey I), while in the other (monkey II), a hemagglutinating strain of the same species was inoculated into the bladder by suprapubic puncture. In monkey I, massive hematuria and proteinuria were demonstrated during the post-inoculation (p.i.) week, after which the monkey was killed. In monkey II, which was killed after 2 weeks, hematuria and proteinuria were present during the first 5 p.i. days. In both monkeys, S. saprophyticus was isolated in numbers < 10(5) bacteria/ml bladder urine on each p.i. day. Autopsy of monkey I revealed acute pyelonephritis and inflammatory changes in the ureter on the same side on which S. saprophyticus had been inoculated. In monkey II, both kidneys were enlarged and there were signs of acute pyelonephritis. The histopathological examination revealed microabscesses, interstitial infiltration and numerous leukocytes in the tubules. Both the ureters of monkey II were congested and microscopically an acute inflammatory reaction was found. Inflammatory signs were also present in the bladder. Scanning electron microscopy revealed cocci adhering to the epithelial lining of the urinary tract.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1979

Experimental acute salpingitis in grivet monkeys provoked by Chlamydia trachomatis.

Chlamydia trachomatis is a common cause of sexually transmitted diseases. Recently it has been shown that chlamydiae are also responsible for complications to such lower genital tract infections. In this study, isolates of C. trachomatis from the fallopian tubes of patients with acute salpingitis were inoculated direct into the fallopian tubes of two, and through the cervical canal into the uterine cavity of one grivet monkey. The experimental infections resulted in a self-limited acute salpingitis in the three animals. C. trachomatis was recovered from the monkeys 2 and 3 weeks post inoculation. As found at laparotomy, the infected tubes were swollen and reddened, and there was watery exudate in the abdominal ostia. Microscopically, cellular infiltrates--mainly lymphocytes--were seen in the mucosa, muscularis and subserosa of the tubes. Serologically, a primary antibody response with an IgM to IgG conversion was found. Salpingitis did not occur in a control monkey inoculated in the tubes with a medium lacking Chlamydia. The histological changes in the fallopian tubes of the infected monkeys were reminiscent of those described as being characteristic of "gonococcal" salpingitis in man. The fulfilment of Koch's postulates in the animal model used adds to the earlier evidence that C. trachomatis is capable of causing acute salpingitis in humans.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1979

Experimental infection of the genital tract of female grivet monkeys by Mycoplasma hominis: effects of different routes of infection.

In a previous study we produced acute salpingitis and parametritis in grivet monkeys by inoculation of Mycoplasma hominis directly into the uterine tubes. With the purpose of examining in the same animal model the effect of more natural routes of infection, six female grivet monkeys were inoculated, two by two, with M. hominis by the following methods: (experiment A) into the uterine cavity through the cervical canal; (experiment B) into the uterine cavity by the same route, but after ligature of the isthmus of the uterine tubes had been performed and followed by curettage of the endometrium; and (experiment C) into the cervical epithelium. Whereas the animals in experiment A developed no or only very slight signs of infection, all monkeys in experiments B and C developed pronounced gross and microscopic inflammatory lesions of the uterine tubes and parametria, together with a significant antibody response. It is concluded that ascending M. hominis infection of the genital tract must be preceded by mechanical injury of the epithelial barrier, and that subsequent spread of the infection occurs via blood and lymph vessels rather than by the canalicular route. The inflammatory genital tract disease produced experimentally with M. hominis in grivet monkeys is very similar in its pathogenesis and pathology to the type of salpingitis caused in humans by microorganisms other than Neisseria gonorrhoeae and Chlamydia trachomatis.

Animals↗
PubMed1979

Chlamydia trachomatis infection of the Fallopian tubes. Histological findings in two patients.

In two patients with acute salpingitis, C. trachomatis was isolated from the cervix. In one of the patients, the organism was also recovered from the Fallopian tubes, and in the other, chlamydial inclusions were found in Giemsa-stained tubal epithelial cells. A significant change in micro-immunofluorescence antibodies to C. trachomatis occurred in both patients during the course of the disease. The Fallopian tubes of both patients were removed and studied by conventional histological techniques and, in the case of one of them, by transmission electron microscopy.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

Effect of althesin anesthesia on blood loss during therapeutic abortion. A comparison with local and thiopental anesthesia.

During recent years, the use of steroid anesthesia has rapidly increased. In our hospital, a number of surgical procedures have been performed under Althesin anesthesia, and in some cases the peroperative bleeding seemed to be rather profuse. Blood loss was studied in 90 healthy women in the first trimester of pregnancy undergoing therapeutic abortion using different types of anesthesia. The patients were divided into three equal groups according to the duration of pregnancy. In each group, 10 patients underwent operation under local anesthesia, 10 under thiopental anesthesia and 10 under Althesin. In all three groups, blood loss was the smallest when local anesthesia was used (Fig 1). Amounting to only one third to one half of that occurring under thiopental anesthesia. Under thiopental anesthesia the blood loss gradually increased with increasing gestational age with moderate variations. Alternatively, in this investigation, Althesin anesthesia was characterized by pronounced blood loss, particularly in the ninth and tenth weeks of pregnancy, and in some cases by rather profuse bleeding. We find that Althesin anesthesia should be used for gynecological surgery only in departments which are equipped to control profuse bleeding and possible cardiovascular complications.

Abortion, Therapeutic↗
PubMed1978

Experimental infection of the genital tract of female grivet monkeys by Mycoplasma hominis.

Mycoplasma hominis, a common inhabitant of the mucosae of the genitourinary tract of human and nonhuman primates, was inoculated directly into the uterine tubes of five laparotomized grivet monkeys. A self-limiting acute salpingitis and parametritis developed within a few days in all animals. Although there were no clinical signs of overt disease, the gross pathology was characterized by pronounced oedematous swelling and hyperaemia of the tubes and parametria. Microscopically, cellular infiltrations of lymphocytes and some polymorphonuclear leukocytes were found in the acute phase in the subserosa and muscularis of the tubes and in the parametria. Granulation tissue and fat necrosis appeared at a later stage in the parametria. The infection was associated with a marked antibody response and a moderate rise of the erythrocyte sedimentation rate and leukocyte counts. The capability of M. hominis to produce salpingitis and parametritis in a nonhuman primate would seem to add rather significantly to the available evidence suggesting an etiological role of this organism in inflammatory diseases of the internal female genitals of humans.

Acute Disease↗