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Biomedical subjects

C C Lin

Publications and source records attributed to C C Lin.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1991

Anatomical and histological studies of Bupleuri radix.

Three kinds of Bupleuri Radix were found in Taiwan. To clarify their origins, histological studies were carried out to identify their internal and external structures. It was found that Bupleuri Radix or "Chai-hu" of Taiwan is derived from roots of the following species" 1, Bupleurum chinense which was imported from China, 2, Bupleurum falcatum var. komarowi a cultivated production of Japanese origin, and 3, Bupleurum kaoi which is indigenous to Taiwan. These Bupleuri Radix were easily assigned by anatomical characteristics and their qualitative analysis of active principle - saikosaponin were established by TLC.

Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal↗
PubMed1991

Preliminary study on antiradiation effect of kuei-pi-tang.

In order to evaluate the potential action of Kuei-Pi-Tang as an antiradiation agent, colony forming units of bone marrow cells in the spleen (CFUs) were used. Different sequences of X-ray irradiation with or without Kuei-Pi-Tang administration in the groups of ICR strain mice were intraperitoneally injected 10mg/20g or 20mg/20g, once a day, for consecutive seven days before or after 4Gy X-ray irradiation. After the different treatments, whole blood was collected from the tail endings to observe the fluctuation of leukocytes, erythrocytes and thrombocytes. The administration of 20mg/20g was more effective than that of 10mg/20g. Lower radiosensitivity was observed with the treatment of 20mg/20g of Kui-Pi-Tang than that of 10mg/20g. The injection of Kuei-Pi-Tang accelerated the recovery of blood cell counts of leukocytes, erythrocytes and thrombocytes in mice irradiated with 4Gy, especially for leukocytes under the treatments with 20mg/20g of Kuei-Pi-Tang administered after irradiation.

Animals↗
PubMed1991

Effects of inhibition of nitric oxide formation on basal vasomotion and endothelium-dependent responses of the coronary arteries in awake dogs.

The role of nitric oxide in basal vasomotor tone and stimulated endothelium-dependent dilations in the coronary arteries in chronically instrumented awake dogs was studied by examining the consequences of inhibiting endogenous nitric oxide formation with the specific inhibitor of nitric oxide formation, NG-monomethyl-L-arginine (L-NMMA). In four awake dogs, coronary dimension crystals were chronically implanted on the circumflex artery for the measurement of epicardial coronary diameter, and Doppler flow probes were implanted for quantitation of phasic coronary blood flow (vasomotion of distal regulatory resistance vessels). Basal epicardial coronary diameter, acetylcholine-stimulated endothelium-dependent dilation, and flow-induced endothelium-dependent dilation of the epicardial arteries and phasic blood flow were recorded before, and after 5, 15, 50, and 120 mg/kg of L-NMMA. L-NMMA induced a dose-related increase in basal epicardial coronary vasomotor tone. There was an accompanying increase in aortic pressure and a decrease in heart rate. At doses greater than or equal to 50 mg/kg, rest phasic coronary blood flow was also decreased. Left ventricular end-diastolic pressure and contractility were not significantly changed. In contrast, the flow-induced or acetylcholine-stimulated endothelium-dependent responses were attenuated only after infusion of the highest does of L-NMMA (120 mg/kg). The changes in the basal vasomotor tone and acetylcholine-stimulated endothelium-dependent responses returned towards the control states in the presence of L-arginine (660 mg/kg). These data support the view that nitric oxide plays a significant role in modulating basal vasomotion and endothelial-dependent dilation stimulated by acetylcholine or increase in blood flow in epicardial coronary arteries and also influence the regulation of coronary blood flow during physiologic conditions.

Acetylcholine↗
PubMed1991

Surgical treatment of chronic otitis media and Menière's syndrome.

Menière's symptom-complex in conjunction with chronic otitis media (COM) has occasionally been encountered in otologic practice. This study compares the effects of various surgical techniques on patients with COM and Menière's syndrome, primarily on incapacitating vertigo. One group of patients with incapacitating vertigo received endolymphatic system drainage procedures, either endolymphatic sac surgery (83 patients) or cochleosacculotomy (12 patients) simultaneously with surgery for COM. Another group (14 patients) had surgery for COM only. A comparison of the results for vertigo control between the two approaches indicates a significant difference in success rate in favor of endolymphatic system drainage procedures (80% versus 20%). COM is regarded as one of the causes of endolymphatic hydrops (EH). The results of this study seem to indicate both 1. the likelihood of the cause-and-effect relationship between COM and EH, and 2. the effectiveness of endolymphatic shunting procedures on control of incapacitating vertigo, thus supporting the contentions of other authors with regard to pathogenesis and sac enhancement in patients with COM and Menière's syndrome.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1991

Revision endolymphatic sac surgery for recurrent Meniére's disease.

A total of 44 cases of revision endolymphatic sac surgery (RESS) were studied. Overall, results of RESS were comparable to the primary endolymphatic sac surgery (PESS). Furthermore, early failure rate (around 6 months after PESS) is significantly higher compared to late failure (approximately 2 years after PESS). In addition, important revision findings which showed saccular fibrosis and new bone growth in the long-term make possible the theory that there is a difference in pathological locus between early and late failures of PESS. Bulky implant devices (such as inner ear valve) had the effect of retarding new bone growth, which may explain their greater efficacy in PESS. They also preserve sac shape and lumen and thus replacement with a new device is facilitated during RESS. These results emphasize the importance of wider decompression during endolymphatic sac surgery (ESS). A new modified version of the inner ear device is proposed to overcome major drawbacks of the current devices, thus further enhancing the success of ESS.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

Endolymphatic sac surgery for Meniére's disease. A cumulative study of twelve years' experience.

This paper analyzes a total of 861 endolymphatic-mastoid shunt procedures (ELS) during 12 years. The review of long-term results following surgery for patients with intractable Meniére's disease indicates that ELS often provides temporary remission of severe disabling symptoms. Overall results, according to AAOO criteria, showed long-term vertigo control in 71.90% of cases. Using AAO-HNS guidelines, vertigo was completely or substantially controlled in 85.89% of the cases. In addition, hearing gains were frequently sustained and hearing deterioration often prevented over the years. A positive dehydration test and/or fluctuating hearing indicate a greater likelihood of hearing improvement after surgery. Furthermore, these findings augment our previous studies that comparable results can be obtained regardless of method employed. Thus, ELS is still indicated as a primary choice of surgical treatment when surgery is mandatory. Finally, there seem to be chronological peaks of recurrence of symptoms at about 2 years and again at 6 or more years after ELS. This not only accentuates the efficacy of revision surgery, but opens new areas of investigation into the underlying etiology of this elusive disease.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1991

A bronchial response comparison of exercise and methacholine in asthmatic subjects.

The authors compared the inhaled methacholine and exercise responses in 22 stable unmedicated asthmatic patients. The exercise and methacholine challenges were performed at one to three week intervals. Bronchial responsiveness to methacholine was measured in relation to the concentration of methacholine (PC20M). The response to exercise was expressed as the percentage of fall in FEV1 from the pre-exercise FEV1. The findings showed that 21 of 22 subjects demonstrated a fall in FEV1 of more than 20% after methacholine challenge, while only 9/22 subjects experienced a similar decrease in FEV1. All 9 of these positive response exercise cases completed three consecutive exercise challenges prior to the methacholine challenge. Of these cases, five were refractory to the repeated exercise challenge, and the PD20M at the nonexercise stage was significantly lower than the postexercise state. In fact, the methacholine challenge sensitivity actually decreased (PD20 increased) after repeated exercise. The authors concluded that methacholine seems to be a more sensitive bronchial provocation test than exercise. Second, only 55.6% of the exercise test-positive subjects were refractory to the second exercise challenge. Therefore, other factors besides the release of mediators should be considered in exercise-induced asthma. Third, methacholine sensitivity actually decreased (PD20 increases) after repeat exercise challenge.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

Polymorphonuclear neutrophil function in Kartagener's syndrome--report of two cases.

The clinical triad of Kartagener's syndrome (KS) includes situs inversus, sinusitis and bronchiectasis or at least chronic bronchitis. Immotile cilia with various ultrastructural defects have been seen in KS. Because the enhanced susceptibility to infections seen in KS it had been suspected due to significant abnormality of neutrophil function in addition to a defect of ciliary function. In this report, neutrophil functions such as PMN phagocytosis, PMN chemotaxis, Migration inhibition test and PMN bacterial killing test were studied in two cases of KS at a time when they were free of infection. The defects observed by us were only slight. We conclude that although neutrophil motility of patients is normal, the bactericidal activity is depressed in the early stage. Whether this abnormality enhances patient susceptibility to bacterial infections is not yet clear. The significance and actural mechanism for his delayed killing are now under investigation.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

[Effects of nasal continuous positive airway pressure on patients with obstructive sleep apnea syndrome].

To evaluate the efficacy of nasal continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) on patients with obstructive sleep apnea syndrome, 20 patients with moderate to severe obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (respiratory disturbance index greater than or equal to 20) were studied. The patients were evaluated using the Grass polysomnograph model 78 during an overnight sleep one to two weeks apart with and without a nasal CPAP produced by 10 to 15 cm of water. The results showed that nasal CPAP significantly reduced the respiratory disturbance index (RDI) (p less than 0.001) and the desaturation index (p less than 0.001), and significantly raised the lowest oxygen saturation level. Nasal CPAP not only reduced RDI, but also improved the respiratory patterns during obstructive apnea events by shifting the obstructive apnea events to hypopnea events. Nasal CPAP also significantly decreased the relative time spent in stage 1 NREM sleep (p less than 0.001), and increased the relative time spent in stages 3+4 NREM and REM sleep (p less than 0.05). Most of the patients also felt better the morning after using nasal CPAP. Nasal CPAP significantly reduced the frequency and duration of apnea and the degree of nocturnal oxygen desaturation, and improved the respiratory patterns during obstructive apnea events, as well as the sleep architecture in obstructive sleep apnea patients. We conclude that nasal CPAP is effective in moderate to severe obstructive sleep apnea syndrome patients.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

Double uterus with an obstructed hemivagina and ipsilateral renal agenesis: report of 5 cases and a review of the literature.

Maldevelopment of the Müllerian duct system can result in various uterine, vaginal, and renal abnormalities. Complete or partial absence of Müllerian duct fusion and/or canalization results in a septate, bicornuate or didelphys uterus with various types of hemivaginal obstruction. In addition, unilateral renal agenesis is a common association. Five patients with uterine anomalies and an obstructed hemivagina are described according to the complete or incomplete obstruction between the double vagina and uterus. Early and accurate diagnosis is important, but difficult, due to the variable clinical pictures. Sonographic evaluation can provide valuable diagnostic information. Early diagnosis and excision of the obstructed vaginal septum can completely relieve the symptoms and prevent further sequelae.

Abnormalities, Multiple↗
PubMed1991

Endolymphatic sac surgery for refractory luetic vertigo.

The clinical symptoms of otitic syphilis, either congenital or acquired, are indistinguishable from Meniere's disease. In most cases the symptoms can be controlled by long-term and intensive medical treatment with penicillin and steroids. However, in some cases, luetic vertigo is refractory to such medical regimens, and surgical intervention may become necessary. We report on endolymphatic sac procedures performed on 37 patients with presumed luetic vertigo refractory to medical treatment, between March 1980 and December 1987, with follow-up ranging from 2 years to 9 years and 9 months. Results show that vertigo was completely and substantially controlled in 81 percent of cases, with 2 patients showing improvement in hearing, as assessed with AAO-HNS criteria. It is concluded that endolymphatic sac surgery is appropriate in treating refractory luetic vertigo when intensive medical therapy is unsuccessful, particularly in cases of late or tertiary-acquired lues, such as in this series.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

Cloning of a gene that encodes a new member of the human cytotoxic cell protease family.

A family of unusual serine proteases that are believed to be involved in the effector mechanism of cell-mediated cytotoxicity have previously been described in the mouse. However, in the human only one gene encoding a member has been isolated. By use of a mixture of murine cDNAs as probes, a second human gene has now been isolated. The primary structures of the gene and the predicted protein are very similar to those of the mouse. In addition, in keeping with the postulated involvement in cytolysis, transcripts were detected only in cytotoxic cells. The organization of the coding and noncoding regions of the gene, the clustering of family members, and the chromosomal location, close to the alpha chain of the T cell antigen receptor, are all conserved between human and mouse.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1990

Determining the origins and the structural aberrations of small marker chromosomes in two cases of 45,X/46,X, + mar by use of chromosome-specific DNA probes.

A 17-year-old girl (S.M.) and a 13-year-old girl (C.L.) both with Ullrich-Turner syndrome (UTS) were found to have 45,X/46,X, + mar mosaicism. The marker chromosomes in both patients were very small in size. In S.M. the marker chromosome was present in 80% of phytohemagglutinin-stimulated lymphocytes, 28% of skin fibroblasts, and 11-20% of gonadal fibroblasts. In C.L., the small marker chromosome was found in 50% of stimulated lymphocytes. S.M. is of normal height, but C.L. is short. Molecular hybridization with a number of Y-specific DNA probes demonstrated their presence in S.M. but absence in C.L. In situ hybridization with Y-specific and X-centromere-specific DNA probes confirmed the Y origin of the marker chromosome in S.M. and the X origin of the minute chromosome in C.L. Biotinylated centromere and telomere probes were also used for in situ hybridization to show the presence of centromeric and telomeric sequences in the Y-marker chromosome, suggesting that the deletion of this marker chromosome is interstitial.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

The effect of antacid and cimetidine on the oral absorption of the antifungal agent SCH 39304.

The single-dose pharmacokinetics of the antifungal agent SCH 39304 (Schering-Plough Corp., Kenilworth, NJ) were assessed alone and in combination with antacid and cimetidine. On three separate occasions nine healthy men received a single oral 50 mg dose of SCH 39304 either alone, with 60 mL antacid, or with oral cimetidine 300 mg four times a day for 4 days. Concomitant antacid or cimetidine administration had no significant effect on any of the SCH 39304 pharmacokinetic parameters studied. The oral absorption of SCH 39304, as assessed by the area under the plasma concentration-time curve (AUC) and the amount of drug recovered unchanged in the urine, was not affected by either antacid or cimetidine. The AUC0-1 for the drug given alone was 80.5 +/- 15.8 micrograms.hr/mL, compared to 81.4 +/- 12.7 and 79.7 +/- 9.6 micrograms.hr/mL with concomitant antacid and cimetidine, respectively. The amount of drug excreted in the urine (Ae0-1) was 22.7 +/- 5.1, 24.2 +/- 9.2, and 23.6 +/- 7.6 mg when the drug was given alone, with antacid, and with cimetidine, respectively. Antacid coadministration delayed absorption as evidenced by an increase in the tmax in 7 out of 9 subjects, although this did not reach statistical significance (P = .082, Wilcoxon test). We conclude that concomitant antacid or cimetidine does not alter the oral absorption or pharmacokinetic disposition of single-dose SCH 39304.

Absorption↗
PubMed1990

A new method of thoracoscopic sympathectomy in hyperhidrosis palmaris.

Although hyperhidrosis palmaris is a benign condition, it may cause considerable psychological, social, and occupational disturbances. There are many conservative measures used to treat hyperhidrosis, but surgical sympathectomy is the only permanent cure. Of the various surgical approaches to the upper thoracic sympathetic ganglia, one must select the approach that combines good functional results and a satisfactory cosmetic outcome with only minor complications. Twenty-one patients (10 men and 11 women) with hyperhidrosis palmaris underwent synchronous bilateral T2 sympathectomy between 1 October 1989 and 30 April 1990. These patients underwent a new method of thoracoscopic sympathectomy without preoperative pneumothorax. All were relieved of excessive sweating in their upper extremities immediately after the operation. In addition, the technique led to significant savings in operation and hospitalization time. We recommend thoracoscopic sympathectomy as the best approach for sympathectomy in cases of hyperhidrosis palmaris.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

Medicinal plants used for the treatment of hepatitis in Taiwan.

In an extensive ethnobotanical survey of the folk medicines of Taiwan, 69 kinds of crude drugs and 107 species of medicinal plants were found to be used for hepatitis treatments. The present paper is to update a list of medicinal plants used in the treatment of hepatitis and evaluate their liver protection by ethnopharmacological and pathological studies. Results show that some of these drugs have prominent therapeutic effects. Further investigation regarding the anti-hepatotoxic principles will be made.

Botany↗
PubMed1990

Radioprotective effect of Ganoderma lucidum (Leyss. ex. Fr.) Karst after X-ray irradiation in mice.

Six to seven week old male mice of ICR strain were exposed to 500 or 650 cGy of X-ray during experiments to determine if Ganoderma lucidum could be a factor in modification of radiation damage. Continuous intraperitoneal injection of the extract from Ganoderma lucidum before or after irradiation of 500 and 650 cGy of X-ray was found to improve the 30-day survival fractions of ICR mice, but wasn't significant by statistical analysis. The administration also enhanced the recoveries of the body weights and increased the recovery of hemograms of irradiated mice from radiation damage by injecting before or after radiation exposure, especially for the treatment of 500 cGy irradiation. The 10-day CFUs was significantly higher for Ganoderma lucidum treated groups than for untreated groups. However, the differences of radioprotective effect between the X-ray irradiated groups with Ganoderma lucidum pretreated and post-treated were not significant (p greater than 0.05).

Androgen Antagonists↗