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Biomedical subjects

C Möller

Publications and source records attributed to C Möller.

At least 109 records · Page 6Linked to original sources
PubMed1988

Cellular distribution of somatogenic receptors and insulin-like growth factor-I mRNA in the rat liver.

Parenchymal and non-parenchymal cell fractions isolated from rat liver were analysed for the distribution of somatogenic receptors and for insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I) mRNA. The effect of hypophysectomy either alone or in combination with a single injection of human GH (hGH) on the levels of IGF-I mRNA was also studied in the two cell fractions. The contamination of parenchymal cells in the non-parenchymal cell fraction was in the range of 2-3%. Somatogenic receptors were found only in the parenchymal cell fraction. IGF-I mRNA was detected in both cell fractions, although the level of this mRNA was about fivefold higher in parenchymal cells. When RNA was studied by Northern gel analysis no major differences were observed in the size distribution of IGF-I transcripts in the two cell fractions. In hypophysectomized animals, the IGF-I mRNA level was decreased to 10 and 30% of control values in the parenchymal and non-parenchymal cell fractions respectively. Treatment of hypophysectomized animals with a single dose of hGH restored IGF-I mRNA in parenchymal and in non-parenchymal cells to the extent found in intact animals. In conclusion, our data indicate that somatogenic receptors are exclusively, and IGF-I mRNA predominantly, expressed in liver parenchymal cells compared with a total non-parenchymal cell fraction. The most marked effect of GH, correlating with the presence of somatogenic receptors, was seen in the parenchymal cells. The minor non-GH dependent expression of IGF-I mRNA suggests that this peptide may elicit effects in addition to the well-established GH-dependent activity.

Animals↗
PubMed1988

Vestibular and audiologic functions in gentamicin-treated Menière's disease.

Fifteen patients with disabling Meniere's disease were treated with local intratympanic administration of gentamicin once daily. They had suffered from frequent attacks of vertigo and vomiting, the hearing in the affected ears was decreased permanently, and spontaneous nystagmus was observed. The number of treatment days ranged between 3 and 11. Follow-up time was 1 to 6 years. For evaluation of the treatment, audiologic and vestibular examinations were used, including the broad frequency-band rotatory test (0.4-4.5 Hz). Fourteen patients were free from vertigo after treatment. In 5 patients, there was an increased hearing loss, and in 10 it remained unchanged. Tinnitus and fullness sensations were diminished. After treatment, all ears were unresponsive to caloric stimulation. The clinical examination and rotatory testing in light with sinusoidal stimulation revealed good central compensation of the vestibular loss. However, with pseudorandomized oscillations in darkness, the broad frequency-band rotatory test quantified the loss of peripheral vestibular function and was able to detect the side of the lesion in eight of nine patients.

Administration, Topical↗
PubMed1987

Immunotherapy to deciduous tree pollens: specific IgE and IgG antibody patterns.

Thirty-nine children with birch pollinosis were given immunotherapy (IT) for 3 years with a purified, characterized and biologically standardized pollen preparation made from either birch or a mixture of birch, alder and hazel. Levels of IgE antibodies against birch, alder and oak increased early during IT (P less than 0.01) and then decreased below the initial level (P less than 0.01). Birch-specific IgG antibodies also increased (P less than 0.01) but not as rapidly as birch-specific IgE antibodies and the levels remained increased throughout IT. There were only weak correlations between immunochemical findings before IT or during early IT on one hand and the improvement during IT on the other hand. The ratio birch-specific IgG:IgE after 1.5 and 2.5 years of IT correlated with symptom scores the following season (P less than 0.01). In 60% of the children below 13 years of age, new IgE specificities developed during IT as demonstrated with crossed radioimmunoelectrophoresis. No such new IgE specificities were found in older children. These 'new sensitivities' did not appear to have any clinical implication.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1987

The prevalence of renal amyloidosis of the AA-type in a series of 1,158 consecutive autopsies.

To determine the prevalence of renal amyloidosis of the AA-type in a defined population, formalin-fixed specimens from the kidneys of all the cases autopsied in 1983 at The General Hospital of Malmö, Sweden, were investigated using immunohistochemical techniques. Amyloid deposits of protein AA were found in 10 of 1,158 investigated cases and the calculated prevalence was 0.86 per cent. The mean age at death of the individuals with the AA-type of amyloidosis was 79 years. Six of the cases with amyloidosis had rheumatoid arthritis. The avidin-biotin-peroxidase complex technique was found to be superior to the immunofluorescence method and a high sensitivity and specificity was achieved when sequence-specific antibodies against a synthetized nonapeptide corresponding to a hydrophilic segment of the polypeptide chain of protein AA were used in the assay. Nine cases with other types of amyloid deposits in the kidneys were also detected. None of these cases showed any AA immunoreactivity but all of them demonstrated Congophilic deposits which were immunohistochemically stained by antibodies against the amyloid P-component. The prevalence of renal amyloidosis comprising all types of amyloid protein deposits was 1.64 per cent.

Aged↗
PubMed1987

Effect of beta 2-adrenoceptor agonists on saliva proteins and dental caries in asthmatic children.

Twenty-four children, from 10 to 20 years old, with asthma treated with beta 2-adrenoceptor agonists were matched with healthy controls of the same age, sex, and social background. Stimulated whole and parotid saliva was collected, and decayed and filled tooth surfaces as well as oral hygiene habits were recorded. The dietary and sugar intake was carefully checked by a four-day dietary record. The asthmatic children had a 26% lower (p less than 0.05) value for secretion rate of whole saliva. Seventy percent of the children with Streptococcus mutans counts greater than 2 X 10(5) colony-forming units/mL of whole saliva belonged to the asthmatic group (p less than 0.05). The concentrations of total protein and amylase in parotid saliva were significantly lower for the asthmatic children. The concentrations of potassium, salivary peroxidase, bacteria-aggregating glycoproteins, and secretory IgA were not affected, but the secretion rate of parotid saliva was 36% lower in the asthma group (p less than 0.05). Oral hygiene and dietary habits did not differ between the groups. The asthmatic children had higher DFS scores, but these were not significantly different from those of the healthy controls (p = 0.07). We suggest that subjects with asthma treated with beta 2-receptor agonists should receive special prophylactic attention.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1987

Growth hormone induction of insulin-like growth factor I messenger RNA in primary cultures of rat liver cells.

Primary liver cells from adult rats were used to study the hormonal regulation of mRNA coding for insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I). IGF-I mRNA could be detected at a low concentration in liver cells prepared from hypophysectomized rats and cultivated for 3 days. When these cells were exposed to GH on the second day, a dose-dependent increase in IGF-I mRNA was observed. The continuous presence of serum was not a prerequisite for this response, since GH also induced IGF-I mRNA in a defined hormone-supplemented medium. It is concluded that GH can induced IGF-I mRNA in the liver by a direct mechanism.

Animals↗
PubMed1986

Cross-reactivity between deciduous trees during immunotherapy. I. In vivo results.

Thirty-nine children with rhinoconjunctivitis due to birch pollinosis were given immunotherapy for 3 years with a potent, purified pollen preparation made from either birch alone or from a mixture of birch, alder and hazel. The therapy was evaluated with self-evaluation after each season, daily symptom score during the season, conjunctival provocation test and skin-prick test. All children but one considered that their condition had been improved by the treatment. Symptom scores decreased slightly more in the group treated with the mixture than in the group treated with birch only due to symptoms decreasing faster in the mixture treated group after each pollen peak (P less than 0.001). The sensitivity of the conjunctiva and the skin decreased significantly in both groups but without any significant differences between the groups. After 3 years the conjunctival sensitivity correlated strongly to eye symptoms during the season. Immunotherapy with a mixture of birch, alder and hazel appears to be at least as effective as a preparation made from birch only when treating birch pollinosis even in a region where birch is totally dominating among the pollens from deciduous trees.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1986

Oral immunotherapy of children with rhinoconjunctivitis due to birch pollen allergy. A double blind study.

Thirty children with rhinoconjunctivitis due to birch pollinosis were treated in a double blind manner for 10 months with enteric-coated capsules containing either a birch pollen preparation (n = 14) with doses up to 1.4 X 10(6) biologic units per day or placebo (n = 16). Compared with the placebo group the actively treated children had less symptoms during the birch pollen season after 3 months of therapy (P = 0.035). Skin prick reactions decreased significantly more in the active group than in the placebo group after 10 months (P = 0.01). Conjunctival sensitivity was lower in the active group than in the placebo group after 3 months of treatment (P = 0.01) but not after 10 months. Compared with the placebo group the treated children more often increased their levels of IgG (P = 0.007) and pre-seasonal IgE (P = 0.001) against birch. There was a seasonal increase of IgE antibody level against birch in the placebo but not in the treatment group (P less than 0.001). None of the treated children developed asthma, compared with five of the untreated children. No general reactions occurred and few side effects were seen during the treatment period. We conclude that in children with birch pollinosis oral immunotherapy with high doses of a biologically potent preparation in enteric-coated capsules is effective, easy to perform, economic and safe.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1986

Intestinal permeability as assessed with polyethyleneglycols in birch pollen allergic children undergoing oral immunotherapy.

Twenty-four children with rhinoconjunctivitis due to birch pollinosis were treated in a double-blind manner with enteric-coated capsules containing either a high dose of a birch pollen preparation (n = 11) or placebo (n = 13). The permeability of the small intestine was analysed at three different occasions with a mixture of differently sized polyethyleneglycols (PEG 400 and PEG 1000), before the start of oral immunotherapy (OIT), at the moment of maximum allergen dose, and after 3 months of therapy which was at the beginning of the pollen season. The actively treated children did not significantly change their permeability characteristics as determined from PEG recovery in the urine. By contrast, in the control group of patients the recovery of larger PEG molecules was decreased after 3 months of therapy, possibly due to the commencing pollen season. In addition, small bowel biopsies were taken at the time of maximum allergen dose from two children openly treated with OIT. Both specimens were normal.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1986

Clinical and immunological effects of oral immunotherapy with a standardized birch pollen extract.

Oral immunotherapy (IT) was evaluated in a pilot study in two centres in children aged 8-15 years with allergic rhinoconjunctivitis. High doses (up to 20 X 10(6) BU monthly) of a defined freeze-dried birch pollen extract administered in enteric-coated gelatine capsules were given either daily for seven consecutive days every month or once weekly. Symptom scores, as assessed by sneezing, dripping and blockage of the nose, and redness, itching and swelling of the eyes, were significantly lower in treated patients compared to untreated, or placebo treated controls after 3 to 5 months of therapy. In all the 16 treated, but only in three of eight untreated patients, the scores were lower during the pollen season 1982 than during the pollen season preceding the treatment period, despite comparable pollen counts during the two seasons. One year after beginning treatment the reactivity in conjunctival provocation tests was decreased about 10-fold (P less than 0.001) in the patients receiving more than 2 X 10(5) BU monthly compared to about two-fold in patients receiving lower doses, or placebo. Increased levels of IgE antibodies directed against birch pollen were recorded in the serum and saliva of most patients after 3-4 months of active IT. In contrast, IgG antibody responses were poor in most of the patients. Side effects, particularly from the gastrointestinal tract, appeared in all treated children. In one of them a systemic reaction occurred during IT. The study indicates that properly performed oral IT with a potent birch allergen extract in enteric-coated capsules may be effective.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1985

A lignocaine-prilocaine cream reduces venipuncture pain.

A new, topical anaesthetic formulation, EMLA 5% cream (Eutectic Mixture of Local Anaesthetics), and placebo have been compared in a randomized double-blind study of 51 children. The objectives were to test if EMLA diminishes pain from venipuncture, to evaluate possible adverse reactions, and to determine if there is any influence upon the ease with which the insertion procedure is carried out. Pain was evaluated using a three-graded verbal rating scale. EMLA relieved pain significantly better than placebo (p less than 0.001), and the procedure was considered to be easier after EMLA treatment. No oedema occurred, but a few cases of local redness and paleness were observed after EMLA treatment. However, these reactions were clinically insignificant. It is concluded that EMLA significantly reduces pain from venipuncture, and side effects are mild and transient.

Anesthetics, Local↗
PubMed1984

Blood lymphocyte proliferation response to pollen extract as a monitor of immunotherapy.

In a study of immunotherapy 41 children with seasonal rhinoconjunctivitis due to deciduous tree pollen allergy were monitored by means of symptom scoring, patient self-evaluation, conjunctival provocation tests and lymphocyte proliferation in vitro to the allergen. The lymphocyte responsiveness to birch pollen decreased significantly during the first year of immunotherapy. However, neither the lymphocyte responsiveness before treatment nor changes in lymphocyte reactivity during the immunotherapy correlated with the clinical efficacy of the therapy as evaluated by changes in symptom scores, self-evaluation or conjunctival provocation test changes in the individual patients. The results indicate that lymphocyte responsiveness to an allergen cannot be used to select patients for immunotherapy, i.e. to predict whether a patient would benefit from immunotherapy or not, or to evaluate the effects of immunotherapy after beginning the treatment. However, lymphocyte proliferation response to an allergen indicates clinical sensitivity.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1984

The precision of the conjunctival provocation test.

Repeated conjunctival provocation tests (CPT) were done in 20 children with rhino-conjunctivitis due to birch pollen allergy. Compared with the first open challenge, three successive blinded CPTs were reproducible within an allergen strength difference of one 10-potency in 92% of the tests. Based on the data, a power function was constructed, making it possible to determine the number of patients needed to discriminate CPT sensitivity of a given magnitude between two populations. During the study period specific serum-IgE increased in only three of 19 patients, indicating that stimulation of IgE antibody production is not a common consequence of repeated tests. We conclude that CPT is useful in clinical research. When indicated in clinical routine, CPT is a safe and easy test with good precision.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1984

Psychic factors determining the long-term adaptation of colostomy and ileostomy patients.

The long-term psychosocial adaptation of 34 colostomy patients, operated on for rectal or colonic cancer, and 32 ileostomy patients, operated on for colitis ulcerosa, was examined on average 6.5 years after the operation. The methods used were Heidelberg Colostomy Questionnaire, Beck's Depression Inventory, Block's Ego Resiliency Scale and the Rorschach Inkblot Test. The results showed that the first pre- and postoperative psychic reactions were particularly strong and similar in both groups but the later adaptation was in every respect better in the ileostomy group. The necessity of guidance and psychic support was obvious.

Adaptation, Psychological↗