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Biomedical subjects

E Gandolfo

Publications and source records attributed to E Gandolfo.

9 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1992

Photoablative filtration surgery with the excimer laser for primary open-angle glaucoma: a pilot study.

We have performed ab-externo photoablative filtration surgery on 19 patients affected by uncontrolled primary open-angle glaucoma. All cases had wide open angles, were previously treated with argon laser trabeculoplasty and were considered good candidates for trabeculectomy. After topical and peribulbar anesthesia, a limbus-based conjunctival flap was dissected. Photoablation of a rectangular area at the limbus was performed with an argon fluoride excimer laser (193 nm), at 180 mJ x sq cm fluence. The beam was shaped in the appropriate fashion using a custom-made metal mask. Photoablation was continued until aqueous appeared percolating through the juxtacanalicular tissue at the bottom of the crater; a water-tight closure of conjunctiva was then performed. Postoperatively, the anterior chamber reaction was minimal; in no case a flat chamber or choroidal detachment was observed. In 18 of the 19 cases the IOP was significantly lowered, and a filtering bleb developed. Mean preoperative IOP was 26.4 (+/- 7) mmHg. At a median follow-up of 9 months (range 4-15) the IOP is < or = 18 mmHg on no medications in 16 (84%) of the eyes, with a mean value of 13.3 (+/- 6) mmHg. Our short-term results support excimer laser photoablative filtration as a relatively safe and effective procedure for primary open-angle glaucoma.

Aged↗
PubMed1990

Contribution of manual and computerized perimetry to the differential diagnosis of optic neuropathies.

The contribution given by manual perimetry to differential diagnosis of optic neuropathies is described. The advantages and the disadvantages of automated perimetry in respect to manual perimetry are examined. The programs to use for a more precise diagnosis and according to different pathology are also examined. The problems connected to perimetric interpretation are discussed. The value of global indices in evaluating the visual field as well as the importance of statistical program in comparing more than one test performed are reported. The review stresses the usefulness of automated perimetry in early diagnosis and in the follow up of optic nerve diseases.

Diagnosis, Computer-Assisted↗
PubMed1987

Electrophysiological detection of "silent" plaques in the optic pathways.

The incidence of a delayed P100 component of the VEP after checkerboard stimulation in probable or possible multiple sclerosis (MS) without history, signs or symptoms of optic neuritis is not significantly different from that found in other neurological disorders in which the visual system is unaffected. This reduces the diagnostic validity of a delayed P100 as evidence of "silent" plaques in the optic pathway, at least in suspected MS. The use of grating increases the VEP sensitivity in the MS group, but it still leaves more than a 30% chance of error in attributing a delayed P100 to a demyelinating disorder. In this respect the discordant behaviour of checkerboard and grating responses may represent a useful clue.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

The nasal step in normal and glaucomatous visual fields.

We used an original method of kinetic and static analysis to examine the nasal visual field. When the nasal step is less than 4 degrees wide and its depth is less than 0.5 log units it may be merely a physiological sign of the anatomic and functional asymmetry of the retina. Sometimes it is an artifact. The nasal step can also be a glaucomatous defect. In this case it is often an early sign and it is wider than 4 degrees and its depth is greater than 0.5 log units. Because of its typical shape and invariable location it is easy to discover by kinetic perimetry and easy to check by static perimetry. If it is an early glaucomatous defect, it can be reversed. In practice the nasal step is an early and characteristic glaucomatous field defect like the isolated scotomas in the Bjerrum area, and it is easily detected and can be used as a sensitive marker in the follow up of glaucomatous damage.

Glaucoma↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Decreased corneal complications after no-reflux, low-dose 5 fluorouracil subconjunctival injection following trabeculectomy.

In order to reduce corneal complications in 27 glaucomatous eyes that underwent trabeculectomy and postoperative subconjunctival injection of 5-fluorouracil we tried 1) a low-dose administration of 5-fluorouracil and 2) a modified subconjunctival injection technique. The mean total 5-fluorouracil dose was 18.0 +/- 6 mg. A life-table analysis showed a success rate, at 15 months, of 78% (+/- 7 S.E.). Four of the 27 eyes (13%) had corneal complications, limited to punctate keratopathy, with no corneal epithelial defects and/or abrasions. Our study shows that corneal complications decreased when the contact between 5-fluorouracil and the ocular surface was reduced.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Computerized system for static and kinetic automatic perimetry.

A new automatic perimeter has recently been developed under the supervision of the Perimetry Study Group of the Genoa University Eye Clinic. The main characteristics of this instrument are the following: projected targets; accurate calibration of stimulus size and shape; preliminary measurement of visual acuity and pupillary diameter; automated fixation control based on an optimized television system; static, kinetic, and mixed procedures; screening and diagnostic threshold and suprathreshold strategies; standard and non-standard parameters for stimuli, background, and procedures; user-friendly software; large disk memory for data storage and analysis.

Diagnosis, Computer-Assisted↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Automatic perimetry and visual P300: differences between upper and lower visual fields stimulation in healthy subjects.

Human visual-evoked potentials (VEPs) from upper and lower hemifield stimulation are thought to reflect the anatomical and functional differences between the hemiretinas and corresponding visual pathways. Conflicting results have, however, been reported in topographic studies on the putative cortical generators. We have estimated by automatic perimetry (Octopus 2000R, Program 32) and compared the sensitivity thresholds of lower and upper hemifields of the retina in 12 healthy subjects with no history or evidence of visual or neurological diseases. A visual P3 that is linked to cognitive function was recorded in an odd-ball paradigm with presentation of high-contrast checkerboards at two different spatial frequencies at 20 degrees eccentricity in each hemifield. VEP and P3 were recorded at O1 and O2 and at Cz according to the 10/20 international system. Lower sensitivity thresholds were found, and higher VEP and event-related potential (ERP) amplitude values were obtained when stimulating the lower, compared with the upper, visual hemifield. The results are consistent with previous findings and anatomical and physiological evidence in animals and man. Interactions between perceptive process in the visual system and higher cognitive functions are a possible explanation for this finding.

Adult↗