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Biomedical subjects

E Nissen

Publications and source records attributed to E Nissen.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1983

[Measurements of ion concentrations with microelectrodes on vital tissue sections of human breast cancer].

The transmembrane potential (TMP) was described as a rapidly reacting and sensitive indicator for a great number of cell functions. The present paper reports on the measurement of ion concentration (IC) on vital microscopically controlled human mammary tissue slices. Satisfactory results have been achieved with changed on-light observation in comparison to other customary methods. Whereas a cytoxic effect has been observed with all treatments by means of 3H-thymidine uptake, IC-measurements showed only effects with Daunoblastin or distilled water in 4 out of 16 experiments. The effect of Daunoblastin measured by ion concentrations seems to be better visible if the tissue culture medium is exchanged by physiological NaCl-solution (0.9%). Nevertheless the described method cannot be recommended for drug sensitivity testing of human mammary carcinomas in organ culture.

Breast Neoplasms↗
PubMed1982

[Pretherapeutical testing of antineoplastic drugs in vitro (author's transl)].

Prediction tests were performed in vitro an organ cultures of different solid human tumors. The effectivity of the antineoplastic drugs was determined by means of the remained 3H-thymidine incorporation into DNA. DNA control values of different tumors (without drug) varying in a very high degree are analyzed and correspond to drug response rate in vitro. The correlation between results of sensitivity tests in vitro and therapeutic effectivity in vivo is discussed.

Antineoplastic Agents↗
PubMed1982

Biological characterization of cells derived from a human breast carcinoma. I. Some characteristics of cells cultivated in vitro prior to and after transplantation into nude mice.

Single cells from a patient (B. E., 65 years) have been isolated by collagenase treatment and cultivated in vitro. The human tumour of the mammary gland showed predominantly simple undifferentiated and also tubular structures. The 5th in vitro passage of these cells was characterized by DNA-distribution pattern, cell doubling time, chromosome number, ultrastructure, hormone and drug sensitivity. Cells of the 5th in vitro passage were i.p. transplanted into nude mice. The characteristics of in vitro cultivated cells (5th in vitro passage) were compared with both ascitic cells (1703/A) and cells of solid tumour material (1703/S) grown in nude mice for several passages (0, 10, 21). DNA-distribution patterns, chromosome numbers and cell doubling times are in good correlation. The number of polyploid cells is increased in ascitic cells. These malignant cells are best able to proliferate in vitro after transplantation into nude mice. Ultrastructure examination of the 21st passage has shown similarity between cultured cells, ascitic cells and cells of solid tumour material grown in nude mice. Virus particles could be observed in cells of solid only. Estrogen binding could be observed in the original tumour material only. All other cell or tissue preparations contained no receptors. Drug sensitivity was changed in the case of Vinblastin, Daunoblastin and Sarkolysin treatment of cells of solid tumour material more than in ascitic cells grown in nude mice. The environment dependence of cells and biological differences between in vivo-in vitro tumours and human neoplasms has to be taken into account when using cells as in vivo or in vitro model systems in experimental and clinical cancer research.

Aged↗
PubMed1981

Oral contraceptives and hepatic vein thrombosis.

The purpose of this paper is to report on three cases of the Budd-Chiari syndrome in young women who were taking oral contraceptives. Two patients survived, with gradual resolution of hepatomegaly and ascites following discontinuance of the birth control pills. One death occurred soon after the patient's admission to the hospital. The pathophysiology of this phenomenon involves two major aspects. Oral contraceptives are known to cause a hypercoagulation state as well as a direct effect on the blood vessels. In this series the combination of hypercoagulation and progressive occlusion of the vessels in patients on oral contraceptives appeared to lead to the development of thrombosis of the liver vessels.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

High risk breast cancer: long-term surgical adjuvant therapy based on predictive tests - preliminary report.

A surgical adjuvant therapy trial was started in 1974, in locoregionally advanced breast cancer. The adjuvant hormonal and cytostatic therapeutic regimen was administered according to the results of predictive tests: estrogen receptor (ER) assay and oncobiogram (group I); in the control group (0) no adjuvant therapy was given until relapse, but tests were performed like in group I. Preliminary results. In a subgroup with adjuvant chemotherapy, using one or more substances according to oncobiogram, with or without hormonal treatment, the treated women did highly-significantly better, compared with the untreated group. No advantage was seen from ovariectomy and/or anabolic steroids, either with or without Cytoxan (Test results: ER +, in vitro not growing tumours). Some doubt exists about the results: resistant, especially in testing cytostatics. This doubt and the rate of tumours, not growing in vitro, limit the use of predictive tests, concerning cytostatics. Further, one has to be cautious in the use of additive hormonal treatment in surgical adjuvant therapy: in some cases stimulation can not be excluded.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

Influence of pH and serum on the effectivity of antineoplastic agents in vitro.

pH and serum are important factors in cell cultures in vitro. Only 47.4% of 3H-uridine incorporation were measured in cells incubated with medium pH 6.8 in comparison to control cultures (mesothelioma cells, 30th passage; pH 7.4; 3H-uridine incorporation 100%). Changes of pH can also influence the cytotoxic activity of 5-Fluorouracil (2.9 X 10(-4) M). We measured greater inhibition of 3H-uridine incorporation with medium pH 6.8 (79.9%) in comparison to medium pH 7.4 (54.0%). Influence of serum (10%) on the cytotoxicity of Viknblastine (7.4 X 10(-9)M) were measured. Foetal calf serum (FS 883) and calf serum (KS 132) showed similar effects on the inhibition of 3H-thymidine incorporation, 78.1% and 87.4% respectively. But calf serum (KS 199) supplemented medium produced only 40.6% inhibition of disintegrations/microgram DNA. The possible factors (pH, osmotic activity, protein distribution) of these sera will be discussed.

Antineoplastic Agents↗
PubMed1981

[The effectivity of carminomycin in combination with dibromodulcitol on human tumor cells in vitro (author's transl)].

In parallel to the clinical study CMEA 0102 and an experimental study with animal models the effectivity of carminomycin (CRM) in combination with dibromodulcitol (DBD) was tested on human mesothelioma cells in vitro. The cytostatic effect was evaluated by means of 3H-thymidine incorporation into DNA compared to controls. The used mesothelioma cells are more sensitive to CRM than to DBD in relation to their effective drug concentrations. 1.2 x 10(18) mol/l CRM inhibited 3H-thymidine incorporation to 30.6% +/- 9.3 and 3.9 x 10(-6) mol/l DBD to 35.3% +/- 18.3%. In 14/27 experiments the combination of CRM plus DBD in these low concentrations increased effectivity more than the summarized inhibition value, caused by single applied agents in vitro. However, the statistical evaluation of all results didn't confirm these observations. Alternating addition of the second antineoplastic agent three hours after the first did not result in additional effectivity compared to simultaneous one.

Carubicin↗
PubMed1980

[Polyamines and their significance for control of cancer chemotherapy (author's transl)].

Determination of polyamines (putrescine, spermidine) can be useful for evaluation of treatment efficacy. The amount of putrescine and spermidine were estimated for 10 patients (breast carcinoma; stage IV; T0--4 N0--3 M1) prior to, during and after different combination chemotherapy (carminomycin-dibromodulcitol; cyclophosphamide-methotrexate-5-fluorouracil). Hydrolysis with hydrochloric acid showed best results. Automated ion exchange chromatography is a sensitive and reproducible method. 6 out of 10 patients did not show both clinical changes and changes in polyamine content comparable to values prior to combination chemotherapy. One example demonstrated both clinical progression and an increase of polyamine content. A correlation between decrease of putrescine and spermidine level and clinical remission were found in 3 out of 10 patients. These results support the usefulness of polyamine determinations to evaluate cancer chemotherapy.

Breast Neoplasms↗
PubMed1979

Biological characterization of a mesothelioma line in the nude mice. II. Some characteristics of cells cultivated in vitro prior to and after transplantation in nude mice.

Ascitic tumor cells from a female patient with a peritoneal carcinomatosis have been cultivated in vitro. The 25th in vitro passage of these cells were characterized by gowth curves. DNA-distribution patterns, chromosome patterns and drug sensitivity. Cells of the 25th in vitro passage were i.p. transplanted in nude mice. The 14th and 18th passage of ascitic cells and the 3rd passage of the solid tumor material grown in nude mice were compared with cells of the 25th in vitro passage. Changes in DNA-distribution patterns, chromosome patterns and drug sensitivity were observed: The G1/0-peak of the ascitic tumor cells (AP 14, AP 18) revealed a shift to the left. This is in coincidence with the chromosome number reduction found. Differences in sensitivity to Methotrexate and 5-Fluorouracil after transplantation in nude mice were observed. The possible reasons of instability of these biological properties are discussed.

Animals↗
PubMed1979

Biological markers of human tumors and monitoring of cancer treatment.

The development of human tumors is accompanied very often by tumor-associated phenomena such as production of tumor-derived substances, production of certian substances in response to the tumor or immunological reactions. Up to now no of these phenomena can be used as a diagnostic cancer test but biological markers are increasingly used for monitoring progression and regression of human tumors. Basing on a number of own studies the value of the determination of CEA-serum level and urinary excretion of hydroxyprolin, spermidin and putrescin for monitoring the tumor behaviour particularly during cancer chemotherapy is demonstrated.

Alkaline Phosphatase↗
PubMed1978

[Results of directed cytoctatic therapy for ovarian cancer].

The paper presents the comparison of the results of individualized postoperative chemotherapy and non-individualized treatment with Trenimon in ovarian cancer patients. Individual treated patients had a mean survival time of 9.7 months and the other group only 9.4 months, that means, there are no significant differences between the two treatment groups.

Antineoplastic Agents↗
PubMed1978

Recent results of in vitro drug prediction in human tumour chemotherapy.

To assess the clinical value of the organ culture drug prediction assay in the present study we summarize the results of two randomized trials in lung carcinoma (61 patients) and ovarian carcinoma (74 patients) comparing predicted and non-predicted or no surgical adjuvant chemotherapy. No real progress could be achieved by predicted cancer chemotherapy. The reasons of the negative results of our studies are discussed.

Antineoplastic Agents↗