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Biomedical subjects

F Casper

Publications and source records attributed to F Casper.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1992

[Genital tuberculosis in the woman--only of interest in medical history?].

Genital tuberculosis still occurs and is difficult to diagnose. The symptoms are mostly uncharacteristic, whereas infertility and chronic pelvic infections are frequently diagnosed. In the period between 1970 to 1990, we found 21 women with this diagnosis. The occurrence seems to have shifted to greater age and milder clinical disease and are mostly observed within the framework of the sterility complex. We conclude, that primary treatment should be conservative. Intrauterine pregnancies after treatment are very rare, but, in one case, a normal pregnancy and delivery was occurred.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

[Amniocentesis in prenatal diagnosis for psychological reasons].

By means of a questionnaire and three personality tests, we investigated, whether there were any differences in the personality structure between patients who underwent an amniocentesis because of psychological indications, and a matched pair group of pregnant woman without amniocentesis. The results of the personality inventories showed no significant differences in the personality structure between both groups of pregnant women. In particular, they showed no difference with respect to the anxiety factor. As a result of our questionnaire we can state, that factors like education, the handicapped child in the environment, profession and the lack of commitment to bring up a handicapped child, influence the decision to undergo an amniocentesis.

Adaptation, Psychological↗
PubMed1992

The role of eicosanoids in reproduction.

The central role of eicosanoids in reproduction was studied in areas of important clinical interest. First, their involvement in pregnancy-induced hypertension was investigated. Urine of normotensive and hypertensive pregnant women was analysed for 6-keto-PGF1 alpha, TXB2 and PGE2 by HPLC/RIA. PGE2 and 6-keto-PGF1 alpha excretion was markedly reduced in the preeclamptic subgroup of hypertensive patients during the last two trimesters. A reduced urinary excretion of 6-keto-PGF1 alpha, TXB2 and PGE2 was also found in a hypertension animal model (rat). Further, tissue cultures of human placentas, deciduas and fetal membranes from hypertensive pregnancies displayed a reduced prostaglandin production. Secondly, in the same in-vitro model the central role of PGE2 of fetal membrane origin for the beginning or parturition was shown. Thirdly, concerning endometrial function, the enhancement of PGF2 alpha and PGE2 formation in secretory endometrial cells by estradiol-17 beta and progesterone was documented. Fourthly, lipoxygenase product content in peritoneal fluid of endometriotic patients did not differ from controls.

Animals↗
PubMed1991

[Risk assessment in twin pregnancy].

248 twin pregnancies had been examined retrospectively between 1980 and 1988. Each case of twin pregnancy was confronted with a singleton pregnancy of similar age and parity as matched-pair. Aim of the study was to examine the course of delivery as well as fetal outcome. Main reasons of prematurity have been preterm uterine contractions and rupture of fetal membranes. Rates of cesarean sections had been 41.2 per cent in twin pregnancy and 18.8 per cent in singleton ones. Apgar score had been better in singletons. Ph of umbilical artery had similar values in singleton pregnancy and first twin, but lower values in the second twin. Also nowadays twin pregnancy is a risk pregnancy with a 2.3 fold higher perinatal mortality compared with singleton pregnancy in our matched-pair-group.

Apgar Score↗
PubMed1990

[HELLP syndrome].

Explore the source record for details and available documents.

Alanine Transaminase↗
PubMed1990

[The course of pregnancy following cerclage. 1. Singleton pregnancies].

In a retrospective study about value of cerclage 160 patients with singleton pregnancies had been studied in two subgroups dependent from the moment of operative cervix closure and opposed a matched pair control group without cerclage. In both subgroups there is a more loaded obstetric history with reference to previous abortions. Preterm labour and premature rupture of membranes and tocolysis could be observed significantly more frequent in both subgroups than in the controls. Obstetric results are worse in the cerclage group with respect to birth weight, height and pregnancy duration, especially correlations between prognosis and opening of the womb at the moment of cerclage could be proved. Amniotic infection syndrome was three times more frequent in the cerclage group than in the controls. Contrary to the literature no increased frequency of cervical laceration or caesarean sections could be observed. In conclusion our results are contrary to the optimistic view on cerclage, important not only for indication, but also for instruction of patients before therapy.

Cervix Uteri↗
PubMed1990

[Pregnancy outcome following cerclage. 2. Multiple pregnancy].

In a retrospective study pregnancy and labour after cerclage had been studied in comparison to 160 patients with singleton pregnancies and a matched pair control group of multiple pregnancies without operative cervix closure. Cervical incompetence in multiple pregnancy observed more frequently than in singleton ones is not correlated to obstetric history, but has a bad prognosis because of necessity of tocolysis during pregnancy, marked shortening of duration of pregnancy, lowering of length and weight of newborns. An increase in frequency of amniotic infections had to be calculated following cerclage in multiple pregnancies, too. Our results especially in multiple pregnancies are not so optimistic. This statement is valid also for the indication to its prophylactic use.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

[Primary aldosteronism in pregnancy].

Primary hyperaldosteronism (Conn's syndrome) rarely occurs during pregnancy. The concurrence of hypertension combined with hypokalemia and revealing subjective symptoms such as paresthesia, muscular weakness and lassitude can suggest this infrequent diagnosis. The diagnosis is confirmed on the one hand by chemical tests demonstrating an aldosterone level far above normal and clearly suppressed renin activity, and on the other hand through ultrasound for a morphological diagnosis. We consider causal surgical treatment with adrenalectomy as the therapy of choice during early pregnancy.

Adenoma↗
PubMed1987

Pelvic floor stress response: reflex contraction with pressure transmission to the urethra.

There is still controversy regarding the active role of striated intramural and periurethral muscles and their relative share of function for urinary continence under stress conditions. To evaluate the function of the periurethral muscles, we subjected a dog model to the physiologic stress condition created by sneezing. Simultaneous measurements of intravesical and three urethral pressures were obtained in the intact urinary tract and in a noncontractile substitute urethra, which was pulled through the pelvic floor and studied with and without additional pelvic floor suspension. The data clearly confirm the active role of striated sphincteric muscles for continence under stress conditions. The reflex contraction of the striated sphincteric muscles constitutes the majority of the distal urethral closure mechanism under stress conditions and generates intraurethral pressures, which exceed those of passive transmission of intra-abdominal pressure. The intramural striated sphincter contributes a share of less than 10% to this stress response, while the vast majority of the pressure rise is generated by the periurethral striated muscles. Surgical suspension of the pelvic floor can enhance effectivity of this stress mechanism, and thus seems to be a sound physiological concept in surgical treatment of incontinence.

Abdomen↗
PubMed1987

Role of striated sphincter muscle in urethral closure under stress conditions: an experimental study.

The three-component mechanism for urethral closure under stress conditions is composed of urethral tension, passive pressure transmission and reflex pressure transmission. The reflex pressure transmission is regarded as a global result of the striated muscles of the urethra and the pelvic floor. In this experimental study, the question of what peak the reflex pressure reaches and which parts of the striated sphincter muscles produce the reflex pressure transmission is examined. The urodynamic and operative experiment was carried out on 12 female German shepherd mutts, whereby the passive and the reflex pressure transmissions were brought about by the Credé maneuver and by induced sneezing, respectively, in differentiated experimental phases. It was shown that the amount of reflex pressure transmission alone totals 89%, which is added onto the given urethral tension and passive pressure transmission. Furthermore, this animal experiment demonstrates that the reflex pressure transmission is created almost solely by the periurethral striated sphincter muscles, whereas the participation of the intraurethral striated sphincter muscles lies at a low 4%.

Abdomen↗
PubMed1986

[Thrombocytopenia following intracervical prostaglandin priming].

Thrombocyte aggregation with normochromic anaemia occurred in a gravida III of 27 years of age with sonographically confirmed foetal hydrocephalus, after prostaglandin E2 cervical priming. The authors discuss the differential diagnostic possibilities, but the actual genesis of the changes remains unclear. Hence, it is recommended to check with particular care especially in induction of abortion, the coagulation system with the thrombocytes, over and above the well-known prostaglandin side effects. Special attention must be paid to the occurrence of allergic reactions, and it must always be borne in mind that induction of abortion after the 14th week of gestation is a risky matter (1).

Abortion, Induced↗
PubMed1986

[Are small urodynamic evaluation units competitive?].

Urodynamic investigation allows a classification and differential diagnosis of disorders of the lower urinary tract. The number of parameters registered is fixed by patient selection and then economical feasibility of the urodynamic unit. Differentiating stress urinary incontinence and urge incontinence or neurogenic disorders, which is of clinical importance, small two-channel recorders showed to be a competitive screening-method.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1985

[Ureteral endometriosis].

In the literature, figures quoted for the involvement of the urinary tract range between 1% and 11%, adenomyosis being the exception rather than the rule. The problems of preoperative diagnosis are illustrated with reference to five of the author's cases. In four-fifths of the cases definitive confirmation of the findings was only obtained by intraoperative examination with a rapid incision. In cases with preserved renal function, ureteroneocystostomy employing the psoas hitch technique with subsequent hormone treatment was the treatment of choice. Summarizing, endometriosis should be considered in differential diagnosis in premenopausal women with unclear complaints and micturition disorders in the distal one-third of the ureter.

Diagnosis, Differential↗
PubMed1985

[Value of flowmetry in disorders of bladder emptying].

After definition of the 'rate of increase in urinary flow' uroflowmetry still does not seem to be of any value for the differentiation of abnormalities of micturition in women as a screening method. Correlating several parameters of uroflowmetry with different subjective and objective data and the final urodynamic diagnosis in 1113 sophisticated urodynamic studies we did not find a discriminatory value of any of the parameters described.

Adult↗