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Biomedical subjects

F Ebner

Publications and source records attributed to F Ebner.

At least 91 records · Page 5Linked to original sources
PubMed1988

Computed tomography in partial epilepsies in childhood.

The CT investigations of 156 children with partial epilepsies are analyzed. Pathological findings appeared in 39%, particularly atrophic changes and porencephalic lesions. According to the seizure type their incidence was higher in children who had secondary generalized seizures (46%) than in children with isolated partial seizures (30%) or complex partial seizures with or without secondary generalization (16%). Furthermore, pathological findings occurred more frequently in children with perinatal etiology (37%) than in familial (26%) or idiopathic cases (10%). A symptomatic epilepsy due to a cerebral tumor or a vascular lesion was found in 10%. There was a high correlation between neurodevelopmental disturbances and abnormal CT findings, however also 17 neurological normal children had pathological CT findings.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1988

[The computed tomographic spectrum of pulmonary aspergillosis].

The authors describe the CT findings in 10 cases of pulmonary aspergillosis which include allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis, aspergilloma and invasive pulmonary aspergillosis. CT reveals a more distinct radiologic-pathologic correlation than plain films and shows suggestive features of pulmonary aspergillosis earlier and in a more detailed fashion. Thus the use of CT in the appropriate clinical setting should allow earlier diagnosis than conventional radiography.

Aspergillosis↗
PubMed1988

[Magnetic resonance tomography confirms the diagnosis of Hallervorden-Spatz disease].

We present the second description of an early diagnosed state of Hallervorden-Spatz disease (HSD) verified clinically and by means of magnet resonance imaging. Since the magnet resonance shows HSD specific transformations brain biopsy can be relinquished. In our case the early confirmation of a neurodegenerative disease (versus the presumption of a severe adjustment disorder as the case was presented) brought much relief in respect of the feelings of guilt to the family, although the long term prognosis is poor. The distinction between neurodegenerative diseases, demyelinisating diseases and HSD was possible considering the clinical signs and using the magnet resonance, which showed various pigments within the globus pallidum.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1987

How fast do cardioactive steroids act independently of diffusion in guinea-pig myocardium?

1 The rate of onset of the inotropic effect of different cardioactive steroids (in order of increasing potency: dihydroouabain, digoxigenin, digoxin, ouabain, digitoxin) was studied in guinea-pig papillary muscles stimulated at 0.5 Hz. For an estimate of diffusion rate the time to defined levels of effect was evaluated in relation to the diameter of cylindrical muscles. 2 The dependence of onset rates on muscle diameter was more pronounced with a highly potent steroid, e.g., digitoxin, than with a less potent compound, e.g., dihydroouabain; that is, the apparent rate of diffusion was inversely correlated with the inotropic potency. Reduction of the ratio of receptor to steroid concentration with increase of ouabain or K+ concentration enhanced the apparent rate of diffusion. 3 Extrapolation to negligibly short diffusion distance indicated that the effects of the various steroids develop faster in the absence of diffusion. The effect of 50 mumol l-1 of dihydroouabain appeared more quickly than with ouabain in the perfused heart. The time courses of the inotropic effect in perfused hearts and in papillary muscles of diameters less than 0.75 mm were superimposable, indicating that the onset of the dihydroouabain effect was not controlled by diffusion. 4 After the interference of diffusion had been excluded, the rates of onset of action correlated inversely with the inotropic potencies of the steroids. The dissociation rate of the drug-receptor complex appeared to be related to the different receptor affinities.

Animals↗
PubMed1987

[Late radiation-induced necrosis of the brain--a follow-up study using computerized tomography].

One case of cerebral tumor is presented in order to describe the radiogenic alterations demonstrated by computed tomography of the brain. The possible radiogenic alterations of the brain substance, the time interval between radiotherapy and first manifestation, and the influence of radiation dose and fractionation are discussed. In order to distinguish between radiogenic alterations and tumor recurrences when performing a checkup examination by computed tomography, the knowledge of irradiation scheme, focal dose, and distribution of isodoses is necessary.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

[Effectiveness of tumor follow-up in gynecology].

Tumor recurrences can be detected earlier than in former times by new biochemical and radiological methods. Recurrences could be suspected in 35 (30.4 per cent) of 115 oncological patients 6 months before their clinical manifestation by determination of elevated levels of tumor markers in the serum. In the following time in all cases the suspicion could be proved with computed tomography.

Carcinoembryonic Antigen↗
PubMed1987

[Multiple lymphomatous polyposis of the intestinal tract].

The authors report on a patient suffering from centrocytic non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. Double contrast examination of the colon showed multiple, partially pedunculated polyps in the terminal ileum and colon. As cause of these lesions involvement of the bowel by lymphoma could be proved by biopsy. The differential diagnosis against other types of polyposis is discussed and the variable radiographical manifestations of the disease known as "multiple lymphomatous polyposis" are pointed out.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

[Cerebral manifestations in non-Hodgkin lymphoma and in lymphogranulomatosis on the CT image].

Primary or secondary cerebral non-Hodgkin-lymphoma or Hodgkin's disease are very rare. The incidence varies from 0.2 to 4%. There is a predilection for the basal ganglia, corpus callosum, thalami and subependymal regions. Hodgkin's disease involving the brain usually infiltrates from the meninges. Solitary tumors are rare, multifocal tumors are extremely unusual. The typical CT appearances of intracranial lymphomas are described in three cases. These consist of isodense or hyperdense intracerebral lesions with marked increase in density on contrast enhancement. Periventricular tumor expansion in NHL is characteristic.

Aged↗
PubMed1987

[Serous cystadenocarcinoma of the ovary: unusual visualization of calcified intraperitoneal metastases in CT and bone scintigraphy].

In a 45-year old patient with serous cystadenocarcinoma of the ovary CT showed small calcifications in metastases along peritoneal surfaces. These "psammoma bodies" indicated abdominal implants, which in other respects would not have been demonstrable via CT scans because of their small size. During bone scintigraphy the calcifications caused unusual extraskeletal focal uptake of 99mTc-MDP in the abdomen.

Bone Neoplasms↗
PubMed1986

[Hemodynamic studies of nifedipine (Adalat) in pulmonary hypertension in childhood].

Under long-term oral treatment with nifedipine (N) 2 of 3 patients (2 children with VSD and Eisenmenger, 1 patient with Truncus I after corrective surgery) showed a remarkable improvement in exercise tolerance and reduction in the total pulmonary resistance. Therefore a single-dose testing with N was performed in 9 patients aged 2 to 20 years with primary pulmonary hypertension (n = 2), secondary pulmonary hypertension because of congenital heart disease with intracardiac shunts (n = 6) and after correction of Truncus Type I (n = 1). Before and after the injection of 0.5 mcg/kg of N into the main pulmonary artery, pulmonary artery pressure, cardiac output and systolic blood pressure were measured at 1 minute intervals during right heart catheterization. The maximal reaction occurred 3 to 4 minutes after the injection. The total pulmonary vascular resistance decreased significantly from 2684.2 +/- 1829.2 to 1300.2 +/- 1117.0 dyn.sec.cm-5.m2 (p less than 0.025), the cardiac index increased significantly from 3.1 +/- 1.65 to 5.73 +/- 1.95 l/min.m2 (p less than 0.01) concomitantly with a mild reduction in the mean pulmonary artery pressure. No significant change in heart rate and systolic blood pressure was seen; no side effects were observed. 4 of the 5 patients with the highest pulmonary vascular resistance showed the best positive reactions. Therefore these 9 patients may benefit from a long-term oral treatment with nifedipine.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1986

Frequent stimulation of the guinea-pig myocardium raises the inotropic efficacy of tissue-bound ouabain.

3H-Ouabain binding to frequently (1 Hz) stimulated papillary muscles from reserpine-pretreated guinea pigs was evaluated at ouabain concentrations of 18.5 and 200 nmol/l. Myocardial activity increased the amount of 3H-ouabain bound to the tissue in comparison with quiescent preparations. Since the shape of the time course of ouabain binding changed with frequent stimulation, a greater number of ouabain-accessible binding sites of the Na pump as induced by the rise in intracellular Na with frequent stimulation cannot be the sole mechanism of the frequency dependence. In view of their stimulatory properties on the Na pump the effects of intracellular Na and extracellular K could be equivalent. By contrast, both interventions were differently effective. The K antagonism on 3H-ouabain binding was independent from stimulation frequency. Furthermore, the shape of the time course of binding was not altered by [K]o. As evidenced by the dependence of half-times to steady-state effect on muscle diameter, the apparent rate of diffusion of ouabain was accelerated with the frequency of contractions. This acceleration could have interfered with the time course of binding at frequent stimulation. After correlating the time courses of positive inotropic effect and ouabain binding (concentration of ouabain in the medium 200 nmol/l), frequent stimulation was found to raise the inotropic efficacy of tissue-bound ouabain. The relation of excitation-dependent Na influx to the saturable, ouabain-inhibited, Na pump explained the frequency dependence of the intropic efficacy of ouabain; that is, the observed change of efficacy was consistent with Na-pump saturation in dependence on intracellular Na.

Animals↗
PubMed1986

The reaction of ouabain with the sodium pump of guinea-pig myocardium in relation to its inotropic effect.

[3H]ouabain binding (1.85-500 nmol/l) was evaluated in resting guinea-pig papillary muscles at 1.2-12 mmol K/l. The time course of binding was biphasic. This finding excluded a homogeneous population of non-interacting binding sites of ouabain, even though the identical susceptibility of both phases to K suggested the occupation of similarly operative receptors. Concomitant with ouabain binding, intracellular Na ion activity (aiNa) increased in the presence of 2.4 or 12 mmol K/l. Occupation of the receptor molecule by ouabain, therefore, conformed to Na-pump inhibition. Although K antagonized both ouabain binding and its effect on aiNa, the antagonistic effect on aiNa was more pronounced. The reduction of passive Na influx with depolarization as well as the stimulation of the Na pump by K presumably contributed to the antagonistic effect of K. The decrease in aiNa from 8 to 5 mmol/l, when in the absence of ouabain K was raised from 2.4 to 12.0 mmol/l, confirmed the relevance of Na fluxes. Simultaneous changes in aiNa and in the force of rested-state contractions were apparent upon addition of ouabain. At 2.4 mmol K/l, increase in aiNa raised the force of contraction by constant proportions. At 12 mmol K/l, the inotropic effect produced at comparable values of aiNa was approximately tenfold higher and was susceptible to a change in extracellular Ca concentration. Increase in aiNa, however, was differently effective on force of contraction of low as compared with high values of aiNa. The influence of resting membrane potential on electrogenic Na-Ca exchange is supposed to interfere with the inotropic effectiveness of aiNa after the cell membrane depolarized from -102 mV to -65 mV with the increase of K from 2.4 to 12 mmol/l. In view of the role of both membrane potential and aiNa not just a single mechanism appeared to be involved in the control of force of contraction.

Animals↗
PubMed1986

Sonographic demonstration of lumbar disc herniation.

In a limited series of examinations the capability of ultrasonography in the assessment of intervertebral disc herniation by a transabdominal approach is evaluated. Normal anatomical findings on transabdominal spinal sonography are demonstrated. Two cases of disc herniation proved either by operation or lumbar myelography and spinal computed tomography are reported. The potential capabilities and known limitations of ultrasonography in this field are discussed.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

[Spontaneous rupture of an infected kidney cyst].

Spontaneous or traumatic rupture of renal cysts is a rare occurrence. The contents of the cyst can perforate into the renal calyx system or into the perirenal space. Perforation into the peritoneal cavity has also been described (1, 2, 4, 5).

Abscess↗
PubMed1986

Radiological aspects of aspergillosis in the paranasal sinuses.

A retrospective radiographic study was performed on 142 proven cases of Aspergillosis in the paranasal sinuses. In all but two cases the mycosis was unilateral and in all cases the maxillary sinus was infected. A common radiographic presentation was a homogeneous opacity of the infected maxillary sinus, while about 50% of the cases showed nonspecific infectious changes of other paranasal sinuses additionally. Earlier stages of the disease showed an intraluminal soft tissue mass, representing the mycelium conglomerate. Bone destruction due to Aspergillosis could not be proven. 58% of the cases presented with intraluminal structures of metallic density. Histochemical studies proved these to consist mainly of tertiary Calciumphosphate. These concrements are considered to be pathognomonic of Aspergillosis.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

Inhibition of sarcolemmal Na, K, Mg ATPase from the guinea pig heart is not compatible with a homogeneous population of non-interacting ouabain receptors.

The inhibition of sarcolemmal Na, K, Mg ATPase from the guinea pig heart by ouabain was evaluated with a coupled enzyme assay. Models of negative cooperativity and of two independent receptors fitted the inhibition data equally well. The analysis was not compatible with a homogeneous population of non-interacting ouabain receptors.

Animals↗
PubMed1985

Diffusion-controlled receptor occupancy determines the rate of inotropic action of some cardioactive steroids.

In guinea-pig myocardium the rates of onset and offset of the inotropic effects of digitoxigenin-monodigitoxoside, digitoxin, ouabain, digoxin, digoxigenin, and dihydroouabain correlated negatively, and independently of the lipophilicity of the steroids, with their intropic and Na-K-ATPase inhibitory potencies. The intropic potency of ouabain was considerably higher than that of dihydroouabain whereas its inotropic effect developed much more slowly (T50 17 min v. 3 min). By contrast, the inhibition of sarcolemmal Na-K-ATPase by equieffective concentrations of these steroids appeared at similar rates within a few minutes. The homogeneity of the effects, as shown by parallel concentration-effect curves with similar order of potencies of the inotropic and the Na-K-ATPase inhibitory effects, excluded the different activation of inhomogeneous receptor populations. The correlation between the geometry of the papillary muscles and the rates of onset of the inotropic ouabain effect or tissue/medium ratios of 3H-ouabain indicated the relevance of diffusion. The discrepancy between the rates of action in sarcolemmal preparations and in papillary muscles could thus be related to the different diffusion distances. The apparently contradictory results in which receptor occupation (dependence of T50 on EC50) appeared as the rate-limiting step are explained by diffusion-controlled receptor occupancy: the reduced rate of diffusion due to an affinity-dependent reduction of the free drug concentration (receptor occupancy as a temporal 'site of loss') accounted for the slow onset of the inotropic effect of the highly potent cardioactive steroids.

Animals↗