[The mechanism of action of anti-human-lymphocyte globulin (AHLG)].
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Antibody Specificity↗
Biomedical subjects
G Frick
Publications and source records attributed to G Frick.
[Prophylaxis of thromboembolism using low dosage heparin (author's transl)].
In establishing a surgery free from thromboembolism low dosage-Heparin is a promising line. Its efficacy, regulation, control and side effects are surveyed. The results achieved justify its indication on a large scale.
Antithrombins↗
Consumptive coagulopathy during the Bromsulphalein test--indocyanine green as an alternative.
Liver function tests involving the use of Bromsulphalein can lead to hemolysis and consequent DIC. Latent forms can be detected by means of fibrinolytic degradation products and reduction in the number of leukocytes containing acid mucopolysaccharides of the heparin type, together with an increase in the total leukocyte count as a sign of stress. In comparisons between the bromsulphalein and indocyanine green tests, these parameters have sho4n that liver function tests using indocyanine green are harmless.
Adult↗
[Compatibility of antihuman lymphocyte globulin (AHLG). Possible side effects and complications].
The results in the antihuman lymphocytic globulines (AHLG) therapy of 25 patients with predominantly haematological and neurological diseases are reported. Extent and scope of the side-effects observed are discussed. A careful clinical, clinico-chemical and immunological observation of the patients during the AHLG therapy is indispensable for performing this biological immunosuppression and a strict selection of patients is also required. Under these conditions there are no higher risk and responsibility in an AHLG therapy than in other intensive kinds of therapy.
Anemia, Hemolytic, Autoimmune↗
[Use of antilymphocyte globulin in autoimmune nervous system diseases].
The pathogenetic bases for the indication of immunosuppression in multiple sclerosis are represented in a survey, rested upon experiences in the clinical compatability test of AHLG Dessau. The knowledge gained in animal experiments and epidemiology in recent years is considered and problems of membrane, slow-virus hypothesis, genetic problems and changes of immunoglobulins and lymphocytes are critically referred to.
Antibodies, Viral↗
Relaparotomy in advanced ovarian carcinoma.
Patients with Stage III ovarian carcinoma were treated either with extensive initial surgery and postoperative radiation therapy (17 patients) or with a less extensive initial laparotomy, postoperative radiation therapy and relaparotomy (19 patients). Better results were obtained among the patients in the latter group.
Adult↗
[A new method for the determination of thrombocyte function in patients and in preserved blood].
In a circulating thrombocytic plasma the pressure in front of a defined mesh filter depends on the combined capacity of adhesion and aggregation of thrombocytes. A new clinical in vitro test is based on this principle which comes nearest to the conditions to be found in hemostasis dependent on thrombocytes. Judging from the preliminary results of investigations performed on stored blood, blood donors, patients with thrombocytopenia, disturbances of blood flow and patients under anticoagulant therapy, the time until the pressure rise after administering ADP and the maximal pressure amplitude proved to be the most significant parameters of the new procedure.
Blood Preservation↗
[Results of a new platelet function test in various clinical diseases and in preserved blood].
In healthy persons, patients with thrombocytopenia and patients with arterial disturbances of blood flow with and without administration of Falithrom the pressure recording was carried out after the combined aggregation and adhesion of thrombocytes. The reaction time particularly observed after administration of ADP revealed marked differences in the groups examined, likewise the maximal pressure amplitude in front of the pumped through filter. When Falithrom was administered the thrombocyte functions were clearly impaired. The reduction of the capacity of platelets to obstruct filter pores can impressively be proved even in those thrombocytes stored in ACD-AG-plasma.
Adenosine Diphosphate↗
[Granulocyte kinetics with radioactive diisopropylfluorophosphate (DF32P) and radiochrome (51Cr)].
Determining granulocyte kinetics with DF32P allows various parameters to be gained during the in-vitro marking, such as the total blood granulocyte pool, circulating granulocyte pool, marginal granulocyte pool, daily granulocyte exchange rate and half decay period of granulocytes. The half decay period of granulocytes, bone-marrow reserve in myelocytes, metamyelocytes and band cells as well as polymorphonuclear neutrophils can be determined by in-vitro marking, with DF32P being intravenously injected. The combination of both procedures with DF32P will reveal the half decay period, pool sizes and exchange rates of the proliferating myelocyte compartiment in bone-marrow and mature blood granulocytes. If 51Cr is used for determining granulocyte kinetics the surface activities of various organs, such as heart, liver, spleen, and lungs, can mainly be determined in addition to the half-life of leucocytes, indicating the degradation or storage of cells in certain areas of the body. In addition to normal values those findings are principally presented which were obtained with in-vitro marking by DF32P and 51Cr in chronic myeloid leukaemia, osteomyelofibrosis or osteomyelosclerosis respectively and in hypersplenism.
Cell Survival↗
[State and development of liquid conservation of thrombocytes].
In the present investigation the storage effect of AcD-AG and CPD-AG-stabilizers on thrombocytes was tested. The platelets were stored in platelet-rich plasma (PRP) at 4 degrees C or room temperature for 3 days. The concentrates gained by it were marked with Na251CrO4 and reinjected. The thrombocytokinetic parameters were evaluated. The results show that storage with the help of the mentioned stabilizers can be made to a certain extent only. Platelets stored in AcD-AG stabilizerhad a survival time of 2.7 +/- 1.1 days towards 9.0 +/- 1.0 days of fresh whole blood concentrates. The survival time of CPD-AG thrombocytes stored at 4 degrees C for 3 days amounted to 2.0 +/- 0.5 days. Storage of CPD-AG platelets at room temperature showed favourable results. Their survival time amounted to 6.2 +/- 0.6 days. Measurements of surface activity above the spleen and the liver indicate that degradation of stored platelets is mainly performed in the spleen. Problems of liquids storing in view of the significance of therapeutic thrombocyte substitution for hospitals are referred to.
Blood Cell Count↗
[Studies of thrombocyte function in CPD blood].
The CPD stabilizer according to Gibson with an addition of 1.25 mMol adeninesulfate and 2.50 mMol guanosine is used in blood storage for better preserving 2.3-bis-phosphoglycerate of erythrocytes. Here platelet-rich CPD plasma was investigated before and during a 3 days storage at 4 degrees C or room temperature with regard to preserving the global thrombocyte function. The latter consists in the ability to seal blood vessels and is tested by means of pressure registration in combined thrombocyte-aggregation-adhesion (DKTA method) as an ability to close the pores of a sieve by adding 10(-5) mM/l of ADP. At room temperature this thrombocyte function is approximately 0 following 3 days of storage in CPD plasma excess without shaking. When stored at 4 degrees C it is preserved to a slight degree. Loss of thrombocyte function will depend on pH, thus being particularly evident at room temperature.
Blood Platelets↗
[Postoperative changes of the thrombocyte number and function].
In 30 patients the number of thrombocytes was determined 24-48 hours after surgical interventions and compared with the normal range. The function of thrombocytes was determined by the method of pressure registration in combined thrombocyte-aggregation-adhesion (DKTA method). In spite of the occurring thrombocytosis there is a tendency towards a decrease of response in most cases and thus of haemostatic function of blood platelets. The influence of the thrombocyte function caused by fibrinolytic split products or by a change of prostaglandine metabolism is discussed.
Blood Cell Count↗
[Thrombocyte kinetic results as expression of the functional situation of RES (author's transl)].
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Blood Platelets↗
[The effect of the AcD-AG stabilizer on the survival time and surface properties of fluid preserved platelet concentrates compared to concentrates from fresh blood].
In the present investigations the storage effect the AcD-AG stabilizer on thrombocytes is examined. The thrombocytokinetic parameters of 9 fresh blood concentrates and 15 concentrates of AcD-AG plasma containing platelets were determined. Storage time amounted to three days. The results show that storage with AcD-AG is only possible to a limited degree. On an average the survival time of the platelets was reduced to 2.7 +/- 1.1 days compared with 9.0 +/- 1.0 days of fresh blood concentrates. The recovery of the stored platelets amounted to 25.3 +/- 16.1%, that of the fresh blood concentrates to 63.3 +/- 23.6%. The spleen-heart quotients and those of the liver-heart or the surplus impulses over the spleen and liver respectively indicate that there is a predominant destruction in the spleen for those thrombocytes stored for three days. The liver is scarcely involved in this sequestration process. With 36.1% platelet yield was very low in concentrates gained from AcD-AG plasma containing platelets and having been stored for 3 days. In cases of emergency a clinical application of concentrates prepared in this way should not be given up. If being used, the greater requirement has to be taken into account. If the substitution therapy is continued, however, fresh blood concentrates have to be used as soon as possible.
Adenine↗
[On the causes of intra- and post-operative consumption coagulopathies and postoperative thromboembolism].
The determination of the onset of a disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) is examined shortly after its intraoperative andpost-operative dissolution with the help of easily performable haematological and physiological clotting tests in 20 patients. In this connection the operation is appreciated as a model even for other processes defined at the beginning, where DIC can be observed. Whereas the aethanol test, the determination of fibrinogen split products (FSP) and the euglobulin lysis time indicate the beginning of DIC more clearly in the form of average values, the aethanol test, partial thromboplastin time and thrombin time have a prognostic value for each patient. As it is too time consuming to determine FSP, the counting of basophilie granulocytes may be used for the diagnosis. In the initial phase of and post-operative DIC will determine the essential share of predisposition to post-operative thromboembolism.
Basophils↗
[Use of partial thromboplastin time and thrombin time in the diagnosis of disseminated intravascular coagulation].
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Blood Coagulation Tests↗
[Smoking and the change in leukocyte count].
In 20 smokers and non-smokers the effect of one cigarette on the total number of leucocytes, the absolute number of basophilic granulocytes and on the basophil-age-index was investigated. The reduction of the BAI was ascertained in smokers at the 5%-level and in non-smokers at the 1%-level. The number of leucocytes was significantly increased in smokers. The reduction of the total number of leucocytes by smoking was ascertained in smokers at the 1%-level, in non-smokers at the 5%-level. Adaptation mechanisms as well as the importance of the findings for the pathogenesis of arteriosclerosis and smoker bronchitis are discussed.
Adult↗
[Behavior of heparinocytes and fibrinolytic degradation products under sulfobromophthalein or indocyanine green in patients with liver diseases or persons with healthy liver].
Due to a slight haemooysis after the application of bromsulphalein an intravasal coagulation with reduction of the number of heparinocytes and an increase of fibrinolytic split products develops. These changes are to be observed in the vast majority of tests, also in such cases where no clinical signs of an incompatibility appear. Indocyanine-green does not cause these severe disturbances of coagulation. Slight changes are traced back to the examination technique. Patients with chronic liver disease already show increased values of fibrinolytic split products. In increased initial values of fibrinolytic split products bromsulphalein does not cause a further increase.
Adult↗