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Biomedical subjects

G Fritsch

Publications and source records attributed to G Fritsch.

At least 109 records · Page 6Linked to original sources
PubMed1985

[Computed tomographic and clinical follow-up studies in intraventricular hemorrhage].

The investigation comprises 41 children with intraventricular hemorrhage (IVH). The CT-findings were divided into 4 groups, according to Papile. A CT and clinical follow-up study was performed on the survivors. The grade of IVH correlated with the rate of mortality and with neurological deficits. It is demonstrated in 3 cases that the CT-scan is only part of a prognostic aspect which is remarkable influenced by clinical events.

Cerebral Hemorrhage↗
PubMed1984

Transient encephalopathy during the late course of treatment with high-dose methotrexate.

An acute episode of encephalopathy after the infusion of 16 g methotrexate is reported in a 12-year-old girl with osteogenic sarcoma. The complication occurred during the 11th treatment course, when severe vomiting and diarrhea were followed by a low urine output with consecutive toxic concentrations of methotrexate in serum and cerebrospinal fluid leading to severe systemic and central nervous system toxicity. The onset of the central nervous system toxicity was acute with slurred speech, paresis of the external rectus eye muscles, ataxia, and hemiparesis, and symptoms resolved completely after 30 hours by treatment with calcium leucovorin and forced diuresis. After management of the cerebral and systemic toxicity, high-dose methotrexate treatment could be reinstituted, and was followed by no further complications. In contrast to the transient cerebral dysfunctions, probably caused by embolization of tumor tissue in the early course of high-dose methotrexate treatment, the acute neurologic syndrome observed in the current case after the prolonged use of methotrexate seemed to be related to direct central nervous system toxicity of the drug.

Bone Neoplasms↗
PubMed1984

[Myoclonic encephalopathy (Kinsbourne syndrome)].

Three children with myoclonic encephalopathy (Kinsbourne's disease) are described, in which one of them was shown to have ganglioneuroblastoma. Symptoms were opsoclonus, polymyoclonia of the striated muscles and cerebellar ataxia. Treatment consisted in corticosteroids and adrenocorticotropic hormone respectively in all patients, the patient with ganglioneuroblastoma also had a resection of the tumor. All patients responded to therapy, however recurrence of myoclonia and of the opsoclonus were seen after discontinuation or reduction of the corticosteroid dose, as well as following the course of intercurrent viral infections. Neurologic symptoms eventually disappeared after 3 1/2-5 1/2 years, however in two children behavioural abnormalities and disorders of speech and cognitive development remained.

Adrenal Cortex Hormones↗
PubMed1984

Acute infantile hemiplegia caused by cerebral ischemic infarction. Etiology, clinical features and investigations.

In 19 children with acute infantile hemiplegia an ischemic cerebral infarct was found clinically and by serial computertomography. In 11 patients an angiography has been performed in addition. 9 of the children had chronic diseases which are known as predisposing factors for cerebrovascular disease (congenital heart disease in 7 and chronic renal failure with hypertension in 2). One child had a severe hypernatremic dehydration due to infantile diarrhea and in 1 child thrombosis of the internal carotid artery occurred 3 days after a perforating trauma of the soft palate. No obvious reason for the ischemic stroke could be evaluated in 8 children. The onset of symptoms was either acute or slowly progressive. An altered state of consciousness was present in 11 children. Hemiparesis was found in 18 patients (13 right, 5 left) accompanied by facial palsy in 12 and aphasia in 6. Seizures occurred in 6 patients. One patient with incomplete occlusion of a vertebral artery showed acute cerebellar ataxia. In children without predisposing factors the prevalence of girls was higher (2 : 6) and there was a history of a preceding acute febrile illness in 5 of 8 patients. Laboratory investigations showed polycythemia in 4 children with cyanotic heart disease and additional hypochromia in two. Blood sedimentation rate was increased in 6 out of 8 patients without a known predisposing factor. Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) showed a slight increase of erythrocytes (36-88/cmm) in 4 children, in two others purulent CSF was obtained after the infarct had developed into a brain abscess. The etiology of ischemic stroke in childhood and the possibility of an inflammatory vascular disease are discussed.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1984

[Mortality and morbidity of newborn infants in intensive care (birth weight less than 1,501 grams)].

A comparative analysis of the mortality and morbidity of premature infants with a birthweight below 1.501 g, born in the years 1974, 1978 and 1981, is given. The mortality rate has remained unchanged in the years 1974 (when a neonatal intensive care unit was installed at the University Children's Hospital Graz) and 1981 with 33% and 32% respectively. The total number of admissions rose from 36 (1974) to 67 (1978) and 91 (1981). Simultaneously the number of patients, who needed neonatal intensive care increased. Whilst in 1974 only 2 of 24 surviving infants needed artificial ventilation, in 1978 19 of 38 patients had respirator therapy. Despite the increasing severity of neonatal affections the number of severe handicaps caused by perinatal complications remained constantly low with altogether 5 cases in the years 1978 and 1981. Two children had a spastic tetraplegia, two others had a posthaemorrhagic hydrocephalus and one child was blind due to bilateral septic abscesses of the vitreous body. Only two of these children had long time artificial ventilation. Approximately 80% of the surviving children exhibited normal psychomotor development and showed no neurological sequelae. This rate was unchanged in the investigated periods.

Child↗
PubMed1984

CT diagnosis of thrombosis of dural sinuses in childhood.

This paper describes the CT findings in five cases of cerebral and cerebellar sinovenous occlusion. Characteristic CT findings are the visualisation of the thrombosed sinuses and veins, known as the "filled triangle" and the "cord sign" on the control scan, and the "empty triangle" with tentorial and gyral enhancement after contrast enhancement. The high incidence of thrombosed internal cerebral veins and superior cerebellar veins with sinus thrombosis in children is remarkable. CT with both control and contrast enhanced scans will probably provide the correct diagnosis in the majority of cases.

Child, Preschool↗
PubMed1984

[Cross sectional echoencephalography in infants].

Importance of echoencephalography increased during development of neonatal intensive care. In addition to investigations in neonates 2-D-echoencephalography even during pregnancy and infancy can be used for detection of intracranial pathology. A standardized method of investigation and the knowledge of the pathology of the expected lesions are of fundamental importance. During neonatal period and infancy intraventricular and subdural hemorrhage, brain tumors, postinfection sequelae, hypoxic brain damage, alteration of intracranial perfusion and cerebral malformations can be detected.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1984

[Tuberous sclerosis. Clinical and computer tomography findings in infancy and childhood].

Tuberous sclerosis was diagnosed in 21 patients (13 female, 8 male) at an age of 3 months to 17 years, 8 of them being younger than 1 year at the time of diagnosis. 14 cases occurred sporadic, 7 patients had a positive familial history of the disease. The diagnosis was based on typical cutaneous lesions (white spots in 19, adenoma sebaceum in 12), cerebral seizures (20 patients) and intracranial calcifications which were found in all 17 patients who were investigated by cranial computerized tomography, especially in all 5 patients who were investigated in the first year of life. In addition two patients showed tumors arising from the region of the frontal horns. Histological examination which was performed in one of them showed the typical picture of a subependymal giant cell astrocytoma. Seizures occurred within the first year of life in 15 of 20 patients. The most common seizure type were infantile spasms (11 patients), grand mal (10 patients) and partial seizures (7 patients). In two children Todd's palsies were observed. Mental retardation of variable degree was observed in 11 patients. Cystic renal lesions were found in one patient with severe haematuria and they were suspected in 3 others on ultrasonographic examination. Retinal phakoma was found in only one patient, cardial rhabdomyoma was suspected in another one who suffered from congenital multifocal atrial tachycardia. The diagnosis in the first year of life was based upon the typical trias of white spots, seizures and intracranial calcifications on CT examination.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1983

Intracranial haemorrhage in the term neonate diagnosed by computerised tomography--perinatal history, symptoms and outcome.

An intracranial haemorrhage was diagnosed by computerised tomography in 35 term neonates. Subarachnoid haemorrhage was found in 23, intracerebral haemorrhage in 9 and subdural haematoma in 3 patients. Perinatal risk factors indicating trauma or hypoxic events were evaluated in more than 50%. Clinical symptoms were independent of the site of the bleeding. An additional hypoxic-ischaemic brain injury seemed to be the cause of the observed clinical symptoms in many cases. The outcome was significantly better in patients with subarachnoid haemorrhage than in intracerebral haemorrhage or subdural haematoma. Respiratory arrest, increased muscle tone and seizures were frequently associated with an unfavourable outcome.

Asphyxia Neonatorum↗
PubMed1982

Pre- and perinatal risk factors in the etiology of infantile cerebral palsy.

In order to specify the influence of pre- and perinatal factors in the etiology of the different forms of congenital cerebral palsy the anamnestic data of 178 children born between 1962 and 1976 were analysed. The main adverse factors for the whole group were perinatal asphyxia (40%), prematurity (37%) and bleeding in the first trimenon (11%). As expected asphyxia was of foremost importance in spastic tetraplegia and prematurity in spastic diplegia. No complications of pregnancy and delivery were found in 44% of the congenital hemiplegias and in 34% of the ataxic syndromes. Obviously a major part of the congenital hemiplegias is not caused by birth injury but is the consequence of prenatally acquired brain lesions. This group cannot be diminished by perinatal intensive care and early detection by risk programs is difficult since no risk factors exist.

Asphyxia Neonatorum↗
PubMed1982

Computer tomography in children with stroke.

31 children aged between 6 weeks and 15 years, who had suffered a stroke, were investigated by computer tomography (CT). 8 patients had suffered transient ischemic attacks (TIA), 17 had completed ischemic strokes and 6 had hemorrhagic strokes. The mean interval between the stroke and the first CT investigation was 5 days. In the group of 8 patients with transient ischemic attacks, 1 patient had a small infarct, 1 had atrophy and 2 exhibited A-V malformations. In the group of 17 patients with completed ischemic strokes, 14 showed an infarct, 5 had atrophy and in 1 an angioma was found. All 6 hematomas were detected by CT. In follow-up studies, 11 of 17 patients with ischemic stroke showed atrophy.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1981

[Valproic acid -- clinical efficiency and serum concentration in the treatment of petit mal epilepsy in childhood (author's transl)].

28 children with Petit mal epilepsy were treated with valproic acid either as drug of primary choice or because of resistance to other antiepileptic drugs. Efficacy of treatment was measured by reduction of seizure frequency and EEG-recordings. Serum concentration of valproic acid was measured in all patients. The best clinical efficacy was found in children with absence seizures, who also required the lowest dosages. Side effects of therapy were (in most cases) transitory.

Child↗
PubMed1981

[Computer tomography in the Sturge-Weber syndrome].

The CT criteria of the Sturge-Weber syndrome are described on the basis of 5 cases observed by the authors. Computerized tomography makes it possible to identify earlier - and in some cases more clearly - than by conventional roentgenography, the classical signs of the disease (calcification of the cerebral cortex, unilateral shrinking of the skullcap, distension of the frontal and sphenoidal sinus, thickening of the skullcap as a whole). Anomalies of vascularization, which had so far been demonstrable only by invasive methods, can also be demonstrated direct by means of computerized tomography.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1981

[Basic studies on ultrasonic surgery. II. Studies on the stability after ultrasonic osteosynthesis in various forms of fractures in vitro].

Investigations on the load capacity of an ultrasonic weld in transverse fractures, oblique fractures, and multiple fragment fractures by means of homologous bone fragments and Fimomed were taken up in vitro on 84 human femur diaphyses. It was possible to demonstrate the essential influence of the form of the fracture on the stability of the weld. The mechanical density was the highest in transverse fractures, small in oblique fractures, and the smallest in multiple fragment fractures. Conclusions were drawn up for the clinical use.

Acrylates↗
PubMed1980

[Agammaglobulinemia and eosinophilic gastroenteritis].

The case is reported of a 34-year-old patient with diffuse eosinophilic gastroenteritis in connection with agammaglobulinaemia and B-cell defect. The syndrome was manifested by malabsorption, and gastrointestinal protein loss, complicated by temporary pyloric obstruction and duodenal ulceration. As in the case of sprue-like changes in the small intestinal mucosa, and nodular lymphoid hyperplasia, this diffuse eosinophilic gastroenteritis may be a reaction of the stomach and small intestine to immunological abnormalities.

Adult↗
PubMed1980

Horner's syndrome after treatment of tension pneumothorax with tube thoracostomy in a newborn infant.

A premature infant who developed respiratory distress syndrome required artificial ventilation. A right-sided tension pneumothorax at the age of 78 h was treated by insertion of a P.V.C. chest tube reaching deep into the right upper chest. At discharge on day 51 a Horner's syndrome of the right eye was noticed. Detailed examination at the age of one year revealed a typical peripheral preganglionar Horner's syndrome. Because other causes could be ruled out we assume that the lesion of the sympathetic nerve fibers was caused by the tip of the chest tube near the first thoracic intervertebral space.

Horner Syndrome↗
PubMed1980

[BCG-infection in chronic granulomatous disease (author's transl)].

A 7 year old boy developed in the newborn period a chronic suppurative process after routine BCG vaccination beginning at the site of the injection and spreading to the adjacent areas on neck and chin. A supraclavicular lymphadenopathy was also noted. Serial histological examinations revealed the typical histopathological pattern of tuberculosis and the boy received a tuberculostatic therapy for five years. During this time he suffered from multiple chronic bacterial infections which led to chronic granulomatous inflammations in different organs and to a fibrous pneumonitis with subsequent cor pulmonale. At the age of 6 years a negative NBT-test allowed the diagnosis of GCD. Consequently therapy with Sulfamethoxazol-Trimethoprim was started and the rate of infections diminished markedly.

BCG Vaccine↗