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Biomedical subjects

G Klima

Publications and source records attributed to G Klima.

At least 127 records · Page 7Linked to original sources
PubMed1986

[Sonographically established thyroid volume in 7- to 11-year-old children].

Since the introduction of thyroid sonography as a routine method for thyroid investigation sonographically determined volumes are being increasingly used for comparative studies concerning the incidence of goitre. The main purpose of this paper is to establish mean values in seven to eleven years old children with sufficient iodine supply as evaluated by urine iodine excretion. Thus it was possible to fix standard mean values to be applied also in non endemic areas. The average thyroid volume of seven to eleven years old subjects was established to be 4.89 +/- 1.83 ml. Additionally the significance of palpatory findings in this age group was compared with sonographic values. The palpation alone especially in the age mentioned is mostly unsuitable in order to differentiate between normals and early goitre development. Consequently sonography is essential in epidemiological studies of goitre incidence.

Austria↗
PubMed1986

[Early diagnosis of endocrine ophthalmopathy using eye movement tonometry].

In a certain number of cases (about 30%) of autoimmune hyperthyroidism the pattern of an endocrine ophthalmopathy was observed which is difficult to determine especially in early stages of Graves disease. Already prior to measurable morphological changes, being determined by sonography and computertomography (41.6%), functional discrepancies could be assessed by means of temporary increases of intraocular pressure due to eye movement in 64.5% of cases. Such changes in ocular pressure were established on the basis of eye movement tonometry. Results obtained suggest that by means of the method described an early detection of eye signs associated with thyroid diseases is possible and thus enabling an early differentiation between autoimmune and non-immunogenic thyroid disorders.

Adenoma↗
PubMed1985

Nephrography with radioactive hippuran in transplanted kidneys: interpretation, limitations, and usefulness.

A total of 485 nephrographies (NGs) performed on 95 patients in 1982 were analyzed statistically. The different modes of orthoiodine-hippuran (OIH) handling by the transplanted kidneys are summarized by six different basic curve patterns. The formation of these patterns is an effect of the prolongation of the time to the curve maximum, the time to 75% of the maximum, and the time until the intersection of the bladder and kidney curves. Also, intraparenchymal retention of activity leads to changes in the OIH curves. The basic curve patterns were correlated with the increase of serum creatinine levels, and thus, OIH-NG has to be interpreted as a differentiated marker of renal function. Renal-transplant rejection does not produce a specific pattern of OIH curve, as seen from comparison of the curve-type distribution in rejection and non rejection periods (chi 2 = 0.0866). The diagnostic values of the OIH is limited to purely functional statements, allowing only an indirect diagnosis of renal-transplant rejections without permitting the differential diagnosis of other causes of renal disturbance. OIH-NG is useful for monitoring renal function because it resolves different function levels very sensitively even at identical creatinine values. Furthermore, it makes it possible to estimate the prognosis of renal functional improvement when creatinine levels are elevated.

Creatinine↗
PubMed1985

[Urinary excretion of iodide and incidence of goiter in Styria--studies 20 years after the introduction of compulsory iodinated salt prophylaxis].

20 years after introduction of iodized salt prophylaxis by law in Austria the iodine supply of 6 to 19 year-old school children in Styria was examined. In this study we compared the goitre incidence and urine iodine excretion in children from regions with low iodine intake (locations Graz and Oberwölz) with those of an area where iodine supply was augmented by drinking local iodine containing mineral water (area of Sicheldorf). A modified ceric ion arsenate method was applied for determining urinary iodine excretion. Both in the city of Graz and the rural locality of Oberwölz there still exists an iodine deficiency, grade I (Urine iodine excretion of 50 and 65 micrograms I/g Cr respectively). The goitre incidence in 6 to 10 year olds in Graz amounted to only 4%, while Oberwölz records 8%. This figure in juveniles was relatively high already with 12% in Graz and 15% in Oberwölz. The age group of 15 to 19 years at the Graz secondary school showed a goitre incidence of 12%. The results of the 6 to 10 year olds in the Sicheldorf area recorded a goitre incidence of 4%. Urinary iodine excretion in Sicheldorf: 132,64 micrograms J/g Kre.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1982

[Value of computer tomography in percutaneous kidney biopsies and attempts at preventing postpuncture bleeding].

Kidney biopsy was performed on 20 patients under computertomographic control. In all cases sufficient kidney tissue could be removed. All patients were checked for subcapsular or perirenal bleeding immediately after punction and 24 and 48 hours later. In only 7 patients was no bleeding found. In the other patients bleeding varied between 2 and 64 ml immediately after punction and between 1 and 41 ml after 48 hours.

Biopsy, Needle↗
PubMed1982

[Optical and electron microscopy studies of human fetal membranes. 2. Chorion and decidua].

Results obtained from studies into chorion (consisting of chorionic connective tissue and trophoblast) and into decidua are reported in Part II of this publication.--Storage of glycogen and lipids in high quantity was recordable from the cells of these three layers. Lipid droplets did not substantially differ for composition from storage phenomena described elsewhere in the context of amnion.--The trophoblast consisted of cells which exhibited signs of unusual storage form. There was enormous vacuolisation of cytoplasm. This as well as manifestations of nuclear polymorphism were interpreted as expressions of excessive cellular activity rather than of degenerative change. Spaces between trophoblast cells were filled up with a substance of structural and histochemical similarity with basal lamina, but not identical with the latter. The label of chorionic "epithelium" appears to be no longer justifiable for the presence of intercellular substances.--The connection between maternal (decidual) and infantile (chorionic) tissue was maintained in the fetomaternal contact zone. Here, perished cells and their products were transformed into structureless material, with small trophoblast cells being incorporated.--A network of extremely large blood capillaries was found to be incorporated into the decidua.--The cells in each of the above layers were obviously linked together in functional groups. The buildup of lipids and glycogen was attributed to phylogenesis and early embryogenesis.

Chorion↗
PubMed1980

[Formation of amnion cord in a young defective human embryo (author's transl)].

A report about a human embryo of about 4 weeks of age afflicted with the formation of amnion cord with a slinglike formation. The corion sac had on its surface only a sparse cover with chorion vili. The intraembryonical vascular system was not shown except of small partial spaces in the front sector. The cause for the formation of an amnion cord is seen primarily in a faulty supply of the amniotic sac with its content. The formation of an amnion cord has been interpreted for this early phase of the embryogenesis as follows: In sufficiency of nourishment led to a dehiscence of the amnion. Mesenchym entered from the extraembryonal celom and combined itself with the lateral wall of embryo which showed because of insufficient nourishment in one area of defective epithelium. The mesenchym, which surrounded the frontal trunk part did not connect with the embryo and grew because of growth pressure into a loop with collagenous fibers. Amnionepithelecells spread only secondarily over the mesenchymloop and epithelialized it.

Abortion, Spontaneous↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Effect of the Hoffa fat pad on revascularization of the ruptured anterior cruciate ligament. A histologic study of the rabbit model].

After intersection of anterior cruciate ligament both ends were stitched together again. In group A the ligament was surrounded by a flap of fat pad, whereas in control group B the intersected ligament just was sutured. Postoperative the leg was immobilised by cast from 4 to 8 weeks. After that time intraarterial injection by Romeis method was performed, the bone-ligament-bone block was fixed in paraffine and the histological investigation followed. All ligament blocks of group A (n12) showed an intact anterior cruciate surrounded by well vascularized soft tissue which has been transformed from the fat pad. Ligaments of group B did not heal and where regressive changed.

Adipose Tissue↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Preservation of small bowel grafts--a comparison with two standard solutions.

This study investigates the use of EuroCollins (EC) and University of Wisconsin (UW) solution, two major preservation fluids, for small bowel preservation. After in situ flushing, grafts were cold-stored at 4 degrees C with either EC for 30 min (group 1a), 6 h (group 1b) and 12 h (group 1c) or with UW for 30 min (group 2a), 6 h (group 2b) and 12 h (group 2c). Using UW, cold ischemia was extended to up to 18 h (group 2d). As a control, small intestines were flushed and stored for the same time periods in cold saline (group 3a-c). Survival in group 1b was 66% versus 100% in group 2b. After 12 h 80% survived in group 2c, but there were not survivors in group 1c. After 18 h of cold storage, survival was only observed in group 2d (25%). Saline was ineffective after 6 h of preservation. Histology at the end of preservation revealed characteristic changes for EC (intracellular vacuoles) and UW (amorphic granules). We conclude that with UW small bowel can be preserved for up to 12 h.

Adenosine↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Hepatocellular transplantation into the lung in chronic liver failure following bile duct obstruction in the rat.

Injection of hepatocytes or cell-free supernatant into the lung was able to prevent death from surgically induced fulminant hepatic failure in the rat in over 90% and 53% of subjects, respectively. The aim of this study was to investigate whether this technique can be applied in chronic liver failure. Chronic liver failure was induced in Lewis rats by ligation and transection of the common bile duct, which led to cirrhosis after 3-5 wk in all animals. Four groups of animals were formed: group 1 (n = 5), normal rats, serving as control; group 2 (n = 15), cirrhotic rats, no further treatment; group 3 (n = 14), hepatocyte transplantation by injection of cell suspension transcutaneously into the right lung of cirrhotic animals four wk after bile duct ligation; group 4 (n = 17), injection of 1 mL cell-free supernatant intravenously at two-day intervals, starting 4 wk after ligation. Liver function tests, prothrombin time and serum protein levels were measured weekly before and every two days after transplantation. In group 2 all animals had died 56 (49-69) days after ligation. Survival in groups 3 and 4 was similar: all rats had died from liver failure 61 (51-72) and 60 (49-76) days following bile duct ligation. Survival rates and laboratory investigations showed no significant differences between treated and untreated cirrhotic animals. These data suggest that hepatocyte transplantation into the lung as well as supernatant injection do not have any significant effect on chronic hepatic failure, at least in the rat model.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Cell profiles in serial bronchoalveolar lavage after human heart-lung transplantation.

The aim of this study was to investigate serial changes in bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) cell profiles after human heart-lung transplantation and to assess the clinical value of BAL cytology in the differential diagnosis of complications in the transplanted lung. BAL was performed serially on 23 occasions on four patients. Elevated counts of neutrophils (4-48%) were observed in all preparations, with peak values in the early postoperative phase, in bacterial infections and in cytomegalovirus pneumonitis. In the last condition, BAL cytology also showed relative lymphocytosis (less than or equal to 50%) with high proportions (less than or equal to 50%) of HLA DR-positive T lymphocytes. No characteristic light microscopic pattern was observed in acute pulmonary rejection. However, scanning electron microscopy revealed elevated counts (greater than 5%) of "villous" macrophages in BAL obtained during or shortly after episodes of rejection. BAL cytology may be helpful in differentiating viral and bacterial infections, while scanning electron microscopy seems to be more suitable to the diagnosis of acute pulmonary rejection.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Rotacor: a new rotary blood pump.

A new rotary blood pump was tested in calves for 6 hr. The pump consists of a rigid housing with a trochoidal internal surface, an inlet and outlet, and two lateral walls. A two-corner piston rotates on an eccentric shaft in a trochoidal path, thus creating a gap seal. The pump is driven by a water-cooled DC motor. For right ventricular assist, a cannula was inserted into the right ventricle through the right atrium, and into the left ventricle for left ventricular assist. From a total of 10 experiments, two left ventricular assists, two right ventricular assists, and three biventricular assists were evaluated. The pump produced a pulsatile flow of 3 L at 70 rpm. Energy requirements were 2.19 watts for left, 2.06 for right, and 7.26 for biventricular assists. Plasma hemoglobin remained as low as 10 mg/dl during monoventricular, and increased during biventricular assists to 20 mg/dl after 3 hr, when it started to chop again; after 6 hr it was 16 mg/dl. From these preliminary results it is concluded that this new type of blood pump may be suitable as a circulatory assist device.

Animals↗