Biomedical subjects
Publications and source records attributed to G Müller.
The adenosine desaminase activity of T-lymphocytes of patients with Hodgkin's disease has been investigated. As compared with the adenosine desaminase activity of T-lymphocytes of healthy control persons, the activity in Hodgkin's disease is decreased, but not in plasma or erythrocytes.
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The structure of lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus (LCM virus) was investigated by a variety of conventional as well as novel electron microscopic procedures. Thin sections of infected cells revealed the characteristic arenavirus entities whose interiors contain ribosome-like granules but look otherwise empty. In contrast, most thin-sectioned virus particles from infectious cell culture fluid, both untreated and highly purified with little loss of initial infectivity, appeared to be filled with rather homogeneous cores. Cores rather than granules were also found in positively contrasted whole and thin-sectioned virus particles. We favor the explanation that the sandy grains, which have given this group of viruses its name, are altered cores that happen to look like ribosomes. However, the alternative cannot yet be excluded, namely, that LCM virus-infected cells produce two types of particles, of which only the core-containing ones represent virions.
Fluorescence angiograms of the retina were performed on 12 healthy, adult subjects between the ages of 20 and 52 years with a 30 degrees fundus camera (C. Zeiss), a low-light TV camera and a video recorder. Characteristic blood-flow parameters for the retina were obtained from the video recording using the picture-analysis system (Mikrovideomat 3, C. Zeiss). These included: the arm-retina time (ART), the arteriovenous passage time (AVP) and the arterial contrast-medium velocity (ACMV). Normal values for these parameters were derived for the four retinal quadrants and then discussed. In addition, the filling characteristics of venules were measured and discussed.
The efferent auditory innervation of the budgerigar (Melopsittacus undulatus) was investigated by means of acetylcholinesterase staining. The course of the efferent fibres is described: the single terminal fibre regularly branches out to innervate several hair cells. Three types of efferent, axosomatic synapses could be distinguished: small outer hair cells bear large cup-like efferent synapses, intermediate hair cells with cone-shaped synapses, and tall inner hair cells with small, knob-like synapses. In the basal part of the cochlea the small hair cells with heavy efferent endings predominate, while in the apex only tall inner hair cells with small efferent terminals exist. There are more intermediate hair cells in the apical area than in the basal area.
79 samples of amniotic fluid in 69 pregnancies between 29-40 weeks of gestation were examined for foetal lung maturity (dynamic surface tension) and general maturity (Nile Blue cytological test). Both parameters were compared with the pulmonary maturity of the newborn post partum in 24 cases born within 72 hours after the last amniotic fluid examination. In 49 cases the Nile Blue cytological test showed mature values, in 24 cases immature - and in 6 cases borderline values. The dynamic surface tension measurement showed 55 mature, 19 immature and 5 borderline results. These findings show an earlier maturation of the foetal lung compared with the foetal sebaceous glands. Between 36 and 40 weeks of gestation we found a significant (p less than 0.01) correlation between the two methods. Between 32 and 35 weeks of gestation, the significance was less (p less than 0.05) and between 29 and 31 weeks of gestation no correlation could be found. The Nile Blue cytological test for lipid cells is easy to perform, requires less than 1 ml amniotic fluid and is not influenced by blood and meconium and shows no false positive results. Immature findings with the Nile Blue cytological test should be confirmed by other lung maturity tests, like LS-ratio or amniotic dynamic tension measurement. Therefore we can recommend this simple method for the screening of foetal lung maturity as well.
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The relationship of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system to blood pressure and sodium homeostasis and to renal function was investigated serially in 12 patients with fulminant hepatic failure. The plasma concentrations of renin, angiotensin II, and aldosterone were, in most instances, markedly increased. Systolic blood pressure, which was often very low, showed a significant inverse relationship to the plasma renin concentration, suggesting that the marked stimulation of the system is a homeostatic response to hypotension. However, the plasma renin substrate concentration was markedly decreased, and the conversion of angiotensin II to inactive peptides increased, both of which may have severely limited the full 'expression' of the stimulated system. Renin and angiotensin II levels were both related to creatinine clearance, which was often reduced, but it is not clear as to which was cause and which effect. No relationship between the plasma aldosterone concentration and renal sodium excretion could be detected.
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The activity of adenosine deaminase was determined in lymphocytes, erythrocytes and blood plasma of 73 patients with different haematological malignancies and also in healthy control subjects. The enzyme activities were measured using adenosine as substrate and by analysis of released ammonia. Statistically significant decreased enzyme levels in lymphocytes and partial also in erythrocytes were observed in chronic lymphocytic leukaemia, Hodgkin's disease and multiple myeloma. The lower activities of ADA of these patients may be related to the impaired immunological function. In contrast in myeloid leukaemia, blast crisis of myeloid leukaemia and in acute leukaemias significant increased ADA levels in lymphocytes or blast cells were observed. Between the content of blast cells in peripheral blood and ADA activity of the mononuclear cell fraction exists a positive correlation. The increased ADA values of blast cells are a sign of an elevated purine metabolism.
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