[Various parameters of cellular immunity in persons exposed to petroleum derivatives].
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Adult↗
Biomedical subjects
H Tchórzewski
Publications and source records attributed to H Tchórzewski.
Interleukin-1 and interleukin-2 production by peripheral blood mononuclear cells in multiple sclerosis patients.
The production of interleukin-1 (IL-1) and interleukin-2 (IL-2) by peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBM) was assessed in multiple sclerosis (MS) patients in relapse, chronic progressive MS patients, patients with other neurological diseases (OND) and healthy subjects. Production was defined as the level of IL-1 and IL-2 in PBM supernatants. Neither spontaneous nor LPS-induced IL-1 production differed significantly in MS, OND patients or healthy individuals. On the other hand PHA-induced PBM IL-2 production was significantly less in MS patients in relapse (130 +/- 10.0 U/ml) than in chronic progressive MS patients (172 +/- 9.8 U/ml), OND patients (192 +/- 11.5 U/ml) and healthy subjects (215 +/- 13.8 U/ml) (P less than 0.02). Spontaneous IL-2 production was also diminished in MS patients in relapse (31 +/- 7.2 U/ml) as compared to chronic progressive MS patients (46 +/- 8.8 U/ml) and healthy subjects (49 +/- 11.1 U/ml) (P less than 0.01). Anti-Tac monoclonal antibody was used to study IL-2 receptor expression on the same sample of PBM that was used for IL-2 study. MS patients in relapse had significantly higher levels of IL-2 receptor-positive unstimulated PBM (6.0 +/- 2.2%) as compared to chronic progressive MS (2.0 +/- 0.9%), OND (2.5 +/- 1.1%) and healthy subjects (1.5 +/- 0.7%) (P less than 0.002). We postulate that reduced apparent IL-2 production by PBM of MS patients in relapse may result from immediate IL-2 binding to receptor expressed on activated T lymphocytes and internalization of IL-2-receptor complex.
Adult↗
Effect of maximal physical exercise on T-lymphocyte subpopulations and on interleukin 1 (IL 1) and interleukin 2 (IL 2) production in vitro.
Maximal physical exercise was performed on a Monark bicycle ergometer according to individual schemes. The investigations were carried out on 11 highly trained cyclists, aged 20 +/- 1 years. Heart rate (HR) amounting to about 200 bts/min and oxygen consumption stabilization were considered as criteria for maximal physical exercise. Lymphocyte phenotypes were determined using monoclonal antibodies. A significant increase in Ts (suppressor, cytotoxic) and a moderate increase in Th (helper, inducer) and NK (natural killer) cell numbers were noted 3 min after maximal physical exercise. At the same time, a significant diminution of the Th/Ts ratio was observed. A significant increase of interleukin 1 production and a diminished interleukin 2 production as well as spontaneous interleukin 2 receptor expression (Tac antigen) were observed at the same time. After a 2-h recovery, there was a normalization of most of the parameters investigated. The results suggest that maximal physical exercise in highly trained bicycle racers generates transient changes in immune cell function.
Adult↗
The immunoregulatory granulocyte factor (GF). I. Some antigenic and structure features.
Adherent PMNLs secrete protein factor termed granulocyte factor (GF). The antigenic and some structural features of GF were examined in the present paper. Molecular weight of GF was established on Sephadex G-75 column and is amounted to 40 kD. GF exhibited two isoelectric points in pH ranged from 4.7 to 4.9 and from 5.7 to 6.4. SDS polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis has displayed two bands, 20 and 68 kD, respectively. Initial analysis of amino acid composition of purified GF has shown 15 amino acids, but without aromatic and thioamino acids. Antigen-dependent species specificity was confirmed using rabbit anti-human, -murine, -guinea pig or-rat - GF IgG applying conventional precipitation methods in agar gel no crossreaction was noted. Using precipitation analyses GF was localized in the specific granules of PMNLs.
Antigens, Surface↗
Multiple sclerosis: effect of myelin basic protein on interleukin 1, interleukin 2 production and interleukin 2 receptor expression in vitro.
The production of interleukin 1 (IL-1) and interleukin 2 (IL-2) by peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) stimulated with human myelin basic protein (MBP) was assessed in vitro in multiple sclerosis (MS) patients in relapse, patients with other neurological diseases (OND) and healthy subjects. Myelin basic protein significantly increased both IL-1 and IL-2 production by PBMC from MS patients during relapse when compared to OND patients or healthy controls. The most efficient concentration of MBP for the induction of IL-1 and IL-2 was 50 micrograms/ml. The optimal IL-1 production occurred after 48 h of PBMC culture and optimal IL-2 production after 72 h of PBMC culture. Anti-Tac monoclonal antibody (MoAb) was used to study IL-2 receptor expression on the same sample of PBM used for IL-2 study in MS patients in relapse. In addition IL-2 receptor expression was studied in PBMC from chronic progressive MS patients. In both MS groups IL-2 receptor expression on PBMC stimulated with MBP appeared higher than in control groups, but these differences were not statistically significant. IL-2 receptor expression on cerebrospinal fluid lymphocytes (CSF-L) either unstimulated or MBP-stimulated was, however, significantly higher in both MS groups when compared to OND patients. These results confirm the presence of activated lymphocytes in the CSF of MS patients during active stages of disease and suggest that this activation may be related to expansion of MBP specific cells.
Adult↗
The granulocyte factor abrogates the alloantigen-induced delayed type hypersensitivity suppression in mice.
Adherent granulocytes secrete granulocyte factor (GF) in the course of the first 60 min of adherence. GF abolishes suppressor cell generation in mice induced by intravenous injection of irradiated allogeneic lymphoid cells. The effect of such induced suppressors was measured in delayed type hypersensitivity reaction induced by subcutaneously injected irradiated allogeneic spleen cells and evaluated in the foodpad test. Suppressor cell induction or GF treatment had no effect on antigen- or phytohaemagglutinin-induced production of migration inhibitory factor.
Animals↗
Enhancement of the autologous mixed lymphocyte reaction (AMLR) in children splenectomized after trauma.
Splenectomized individuals have been reported to have many immunological abnormalities. We have studied the proliferative response of T cells in AMLR of nine children who had undergone splenectomy after trauma. T cells from splenectomized patients showed increased proliferative response in AMLR as compared with that observed in parallelly studied controls (38.480 +/- 19.700 vs 11.160 +/- 3.760 dpm). The percentage of CD4 cells was diminished in the group of splenectomized patients. We found strong correlation between AMLR and time after splenectomy (r = -0.81, p less than 0.01). Possible mechanism of elevated AMLR following splenectomy and hypotheses on generation of AMLR are discussed.
Adolescent↗
Immunoregulatory granulocyte factor (GF). II. In vitro features of antibodies against GF+.
Activated polymorphonuclear leucocytes (PMNL) secrete a specific factor possessing numerous immunoregulatory properties. The rabbit IgG antibodies against this human granulocyte factor GF (anti-GF-IgG) have significantly changed the regulatory features of GF and the same antibodies alone have also exerted immunoregulatory potency when tested in vitro. Inhibition of mixed lymphocyte reaction (MLR) proliferation after GF treatment was abolished in the presence of anti-GF-IgG. GF displays a potentiating effect on interleukin-1 (IL-1) production by human monocytes in vitro. Anti-GF-IgG did not change the potentiating capacity of GF and these specific antibodies alone also enhanced IL-1 production to the same extent as GF. In peripheral blood mononuclear cell (PBMC) cytotoxicity test, the cytotoxic activity of effector cells was markedly reduced in the presence of GF. Anti-GF-IgG partially abrogated the observed suppression, although their own features indicate a strong inhibitory effect on PBMC cytotoxicity. These contradictory results are difficult to explain but they may enable us to understand the pleiotropic immunoregulatory mechanism of both GF and anti-GF-IgG. The results of the present and recently published studies support the idea that both GF and anti-GF-IgG modify T lymphocyte function at the same receptor level.
Antigens↗
[Lysosomal enzymes and their natural inhibitors in the serum and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid in chronic bronchitis and pneumonia].
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Adult↗
[Evaluation of various indicators of cellular immunity in persons exposed to work environment in the Masovian Refinery and Petrochemical Plants in Plock].
In 137 workers of the Mazovian Refining Petrochemical Plant cellular immunity parameters were examined. The following tests were performed: number of E rosette forming cells (T lymphocytes), TG and TM lymphocytes, EAC rosette forming cells (B lymphocytes), MIF generation and suppressor and cytotoxic activity of T lymphocytes. Workers of Asphalt Oxidation Division exhibited most pronounced deviations of the test parameters, as compared to controls.
Adult↗
Relative and absolute numbers of T lymphocyte subpopulations and NK cells in male population in relation to age.
Using BMA monoclonal antibodies and fluorescent microscope, percentages and absolute numbers of lymphocytes, T cell subsets and NK cells were enumerated in peripheral blood from 126 healthy men. Although absolute numbers of total lymphocytes did not differ according to age, the numbers and percentage of natural killer (NK) cells showed positive interrelationship with age. The percentage but not absolute numbers of cells reacting with BMA 030 (CD3) and BMA 040 (CD4) antibodies were significantly increased only in groups aged of 20-29 yrs and 30-39 yrs. The percentage and number helper/inducer T cells (CD4) were comparable in the four groups of subjects. These results indicate that peripheral lymphocyte populations and T cell subsets and NK cells remarkably vary in healthy men over a wide range of ages.
Adult↗
Effect of physical exercise on some parameters of immunity in conditioned sportsmen.
The studies were performed on 20 conditioned cyclists and 19 untrained men. At rest absolute and percent number of neutrophils, eosinophils, and monocytes, neutrophil bactericidal activity, and blood plasma beta-glucuronidase, acid phosphatase, and lactic dehydrogenase (LDH) activities were similar in sportsmen and untrained men, while neutrophil adherence was lowered in sportsmen. Maximal physical exercise induced significant rises in absolute numbers of neutrophils and monocytes in both groups. In sportsmen, adherence of neutrophils and monocytes and neutrophil bactericidal activity significantly decreased under the influence of exercise, while neutrophil phagocytic activity did not change. On the other hand, in untrained men, maximal physical exercise did not induce significant changes in neutrophil and monocyte adherence and bactericidal activity of neutrophils, but their phagocytic activity increased. Blood plasma beta-glucuronidase, acid phosphatase, and LDH activities increased during exercise in both groups. The changes observed tended to normalize during 2-h recovery. The results obtained suggest that intensive physical exercise tends to depress nonspecific immunity, which may render sportsmen more susceptible to infections.
Adolescent↗
Granulocyte factors as potential regulators of hemopoiesis. I. Localisation of hemopoietic activity within granulocytes.
Granulocytes stimulate GFU-S in lethally irradiated mice. A factor responsible for this stimulation was found to be contained within granulocyte granules. The factor is released from intact granulocytes during adherence. Granulocyte extract from adherent cells is devoid of this GFU-S-stimulatory activity. The obtained results indicate that factor inducing secretion of granule products indirectly affect hemopoiesis. This may be of particular importance in the course of inflammation.
Colony-Forming Units Assay↗
Granulocyte factors as regulators of hemopoiesis. II. The mechanism of action and target cell for granulocyte factor activity.
Adherent granulocytes secrete a granulocyte factor (GF). This factor stimulates hemopoiesis in irradiated mice. The target cell for this hemopoiesis-regulating GF action is probably T lymphocyte. The results indicate that the target cell is hydrocortisone- and cyclophosphamide-sensitive and prove that granulocytes stimulate hemopoiesis in irradiated mice via secreted GF.
Animals↗
Natural and lectin-dependent cytotoxicity in virus-induced human myocarditis.
The human spontaneous cell-mediated cytotoxicity (SCMC) and lectin dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity (LDCMC) of peripheral blood leukocytes (PBL) were studied in patients with different forms of postviral myocarditis. The PBL cytotoxicity was evaluated using 51Cr-labelled CRBC (chicken red blood cells) as targets and results were expressed as a percentage of specific release. The control group was represented by 150 healthy persons of both sexes. No significant age-related differences were found in SCMC and LDCMC activities of PBL from healthy persons. Myocarditis was diagnosed according to clinical criteria. All investigated myocarditis patients suffered from Coxsackie B or Echo-virus infections which were confirmed using virus neutralizing antibody test and haemagglutination inhibition test, respectively. The increase in the investigated cytotoxic cell activity in acute and exacerbated myocarditis and its normalization in chronic one may directly suggest the participation of these cells in heart injury.
Acute Disease↗
Changes in the helper and suppressor lymphocytes in human peripheral blood following maximal physical exercise.
Lymphocyte subpopulations and Con A activated suppressors were measured before, immediately after maximal physical effort on bicycle ergometer and after two-hour recovery. The investigations were performed on healthy male volunteers, trained male and female cyclist, nearly at the same age. The measured parameters of maximal effort were comparable in all investigated groups. The significant increase in T8+ (suppressor cytotoxic) cells and moderate increase in T4+ (helper inducer) cells was observed after maximal physical effort; these changes were accompanied by a significant diminution of a T4+/T8+ ratio. Two-hour recovery resulted in the normalization of the investigated parameters. The functional test based on Con A-induced suppressor activity has revealed the divergence, a decrease in Con A-induced suppressor cell activity was noted after maximal effort.
Adolescent↗
Granulocyte factor and graft-versus-host reaction in rats. I. The inhibitory effect of granulocyte factor on the local graft-versus-host reaction in rats.
Recent data have proved that PMNLs regulate the immune responses in vitro and in vivo. PMNL specific granules contain an immunoregulatory factor termed the granulocyte factor (GF). The glycogen-induced PMNL infiltration to peritoneal cavity of rats significantly diminished the local GvHR. GF, injected subcutaneously three times at a day of challenge, one and two days after, significantly diminished local GvHR as well. GF treatment before parental lymphocyte injection had no effect on the local GvHR in rats. Inactivation of GF using anti-GF IgG antibodies, abolished the inhibitory effect of PMNLs in GvHR.
Animals↗
The effect of granulocyte factor (GF) on the production of interleukins and Tac antigen expression.
In the course of adherence granulocytes secrete the granulocyte factor (GF) which modifies lymphocyte functions in vitro. GF augments the interleukins production and diminishes mitogen induced Tac antigen expression in vitro, which may result in diminished IL-2 utilization. Consequently, such cells probably do not absorb IL-2 and do not exert their "inhibitory" potency measured in two step culture. The presented data show a relative deficit in interleukin generation in RA patients and have suggested the role of granulocytes in immunoregulation presumably in the course of diseases accompanied by inflammatory processes.
Adult↗