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Biomedical subjects

J Martin

Publications and source records attributed to J Martin.

At least 1,045 records · Page 58Linked to original sources
PubMed1978

[Preventive health actions. Various levels of time, of the role of health professions and of individual participation].

At a time when increasing emphasis is placed on promotive and preventive measures in health care, it is important to bear in mind that the ways and means of prevention are diverse and multidisciplinary. The author briefly discusses the levels which are to be considered, in regard to the timing of the intervention (primary, secondary and tertiary prevention), the requisite professional contribution, and the importance of the individual's active participation. Participation is highly desirable, and is in fact indispensable for improvement of the "civilization" health problems we are now facing. It is not always easy, however, to determine its optimal pattern and intensity. It is also necessary to take into account the inteface situations between preventive measures and freedom, at the individual as well as the social level.

Health Occupations↗
PubMed1978

Effects of a single injection of estradiol valerate on the hypothalamic arcuate nucleus and on reproductive function in the female rat.

Young adult cyclic female rats were each injected with 2 mg estradiol valerate (EV) in sesame oil. Controls received an equivalent volume of sesame oil. Within 2 months after injection, most of the EV-treated animals showed persistent vaginal estrus and small polyfollicular ovaries as well as pathological changes in the hypothalamic arcuate nucleus. This pathological process was gradually progressive such that by 6 months after EV injection, the basal lateral region of the nucleus contained numerous reactive microglia, astrocytes, and degenerating elements of the neuropil. The experimental rats had elevated plasma PRL and GH concentrations which gradually diminished. Plasma estradiol concentration remained elevated 2 months after injection, while plasma LH and FSH concentrations stayed within the high and low normal range, respectively. The pituitary glands of injected animals weighed significantly more than those of controls 5.5 months after injection, but the enlarged glands did not cause hypothalamic compression. As mechanical anterior deafferentation of the medial basal hypothalamus has previously been shown to produce similar endocrine and reproductive alterations, it may be that estradiol treatment results in a functional-anatomical disconnection of the arcuate nucleus from the more anterior hypothalamic areas that regulate cyclicity. Whether this type of functional-anatomical phenomenon underlies other varieties of induced or secondary acyclicity in females remains to be determined.

Animals↗
PubMed1978

[Comparison of the cytotoxicity of chloroform on mouse L cells by measurement of proteins and chromium 51 release].

The authors describe a new cytotoxicity test based on the classical measurement of the residual proteins after a contact time of 4 days between the produit tested and the mouse L cells. The results are expressed as a cytotoxic dose 50 with a confidence limit for the 95% threshold after a statistical treatment of the analytical data by a computerized method. For chloroform, this method is more sensitive that the classical cytotoxicity test involving the chrom 51 release.

Chloroform↗
PubMed1978

[Frequency of association of cardiac and urinary abnormalities].

In 680 cases of congenital heart disease, the authors discovered 49 uropathies (i.e. 7.2%) diagnosed thanks to a film of the urinary apparatus taken during angiocardiography. These uropathies were encountered mainly during ventricular septal defects, pulmonary stenosis and Fallot's tetralogy. The diagnostic value of the film during angiocardiography is great as it revealed 22 out of 49 uropathies (i.e. 44.9%) clinically silent until then.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1978

School nutrition programs in perspective.

From a meager beginning with the passage in 1946 of the initial National School Lunch Act, school nutrition programs have grown until today they are "big business," employing some 350,000 persons in more than 89,000 units, and representing more than $1 billion in volume. As programs have expanded, the need for more professionalism in the field has been felt, and a number of educational and certifying programs have emerged. A new aspect, just being implemented as a result of 1977 legislation, is the nutrition education facet implicit in serving school meals. A driving force in meeting nutritional goals of school foodservice programs is the American School Food Service Association, an organization of some 67,000 members.

Child↗