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Biomedical subjects

J R Andersen

Publications and source records attributed to J R Andersen.

At least 73 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1986

Duodenal output and concentration of lactoferrin in chronic pancreatitis: correlation to amylase secretion and duct morphology.

To evaluate the clinical value of lactoferrin determination in duodenal contents in patients with chronic pancreatitis, three different studies were performed. No significant difference in meal stimulated output or secretion pattern was found between seven patients with chronic pancreatitis and six controls. After a meal test in 88 patients suspected for pancreatitis no correlation between concentration of lactoferrin and amylase was found. No correlation was found between degree of obstruction at endoscopic retrograde pancreaticography and duodenal concentration of lactoferrin. We conclude that the diagnostic value of lactoferrin determinations in chronic pancreatitis is doubtful.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

Irritable bowel syndrome and symptomatic diverticular disease--different diseases?

The influence of colonic diverticula on symptomatology and prognosis was investigated in 69 patients with irritable bowel syndrome. Roentgenograms at the time of diagnosis were blindly correlated to patient complaints and to result of follow-up 5 to 7 yr after the irritable bowel syndrome had been diagnosed. Patient complaints were not related to the presence or extent of diverticulosis. Half the patients had unchanged or aggravated symptoms at follow-up irrespective of diverticulosis. Accordingly, the presence of colonic diverticula did not change the natural history of the irritable bowel syndrome.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

Thyroid gland volume and serum concentrations of thyroid hormones in chronic renal failure.

Thyroid gland volume, ultrasonically determined, and thyroid function were investigated in 40 patients with chronic renal failure (33 of these on hemodialysis) and 40 sex-, age- and weight-matched healthy controls. None had thyroid autoantibodies or a clinically detectable goiter. The median thyroid gland volume was significantly elevated in the uremic patients: 24 ml (range 8-43 ml) compared with the healthy controls 17 ml (range 10-22 ml) (p less than 0.005). The serum concentrations of thyroxine (T4), triiodothyronine (T3), free thyroxine index (FT4I) and free triiodothyronine index (FT3I) were significantly decreased in uremic subjects compared with the controls. The serum concentration of thyrotropin did not differ significantly between patients and controls. None of the thyroid function variables correlated with thyroid gland volume. In conclusion, thyroid gland volume was increased in patients with chronic renal failure. The alterations in thyroid hormone concentrations could, however, not explain this finding.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1985

Correlations between PRL and chloride, sodium, potassium and calcium in amniotic fluid.

The concentration of prolactin in amniotic fluid from 91 pregnant women (Group I: 51 specimens obtained at 15th-20th week of gestation; Group II: 40 specimens at term) has been correlated with the amniotic fluid concentrations of calcium, of the ions sodium, chloride, and potassium, and with the clinical data. When the week of gestation in multiple regression analyses was predetermined for inclusion in the first step, the amniotic prolactin concentration was found to be significantly correlated with sodium or chloride in both groups and the correlation coefficients in the two groups were alike. The correlation coefficients of potassium and of calcium differed between the two groups and no general pattern could be detected. The results indicate that the amniotic sodium and chloride concentrations could be of importance for the regulation of the amniotic prolactin concentration.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

Does a portal-systemic shunt increase the risk of primary hepatic carcinoma in cirrhosis of the liver?

To test the relative risk (RR) of primary hepatic carcinoma (PHC) in portal-systemic-shunted patients with cirrhosis of the liver, two autopsy materials were studied, 201 shunted and 378 non-shunted patients with histologically verified cirrhosis. Of these 579 patients, 55 had PHC (cases) and 524 were without PHC (controls). Cases and controls were divided into subgroups in accordance with sex, age, and alcohol consumption habits. Shunted patients with a postoperative survival of more than 6 months were studied separately. For shunted men alive more than 6 months postoperatively, after adjustment for difference in age and presence of large alcohol consumption, a high risk of PHC was found (RR, 3.28; 95% confidence intervals, 1.52-7.45). The presence of HBsAg was probably without importance for the relative risk of PHC in these patients, since liver tissue HBsAg was only found in 2 of all 19 shunted patients with PHC.

Carcinoma↗
PubMed1985

A randomized trial of iohexol versus amidotrizoate in endoscopic retrograde pancreatography.

To evaluate whether a low-osmolar contrast medium could decrease hyperamylasemia after endoscopic retrograde pancreatography, a prospective randomized double-blind trial of 54 consecutive patients with suspected pancreatic disease referred for endoscopic retrograde pancreatography was performed. The low-osmolar contrast medium iohexol and high-osmolar amidotrizoate were used. No statistically significant differences with regard to rise in pancreatic-type amylase, pain reaction, or diagnostic information were found. No case of acute pancreatitis was observed.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

Irritable bowel syndrome--prognosis and diagnostic safety. A 5-year follow-up study.

The irritable bowel syndrome is the commonest diagnosis in gastroenterological clinics, although diagnostic criteria and investigatory programs vary. To elucidate the diagnostic safety and prognosis of the syndrome, a retrospective study was conducted. One hundred and twelve consecutive patients with irritable bowel syndrome as the final and only abdominal diagnosis in the period 1977-79 were followed up in 1984. Seventeen patients died during the follow-up period; two of these were considered diagnostic failures (chronic pancreatitis and pancreatic cancer). Of the remaining 95 patients, 93 were available for the follow-up study. Three diagnostic failures were found (gallbladder stones, kidney stone, thyrotoxicosis). The diagnostic failure rate was accordingly 4.5% (5/110). Half of the patients had unchanged or aggravated symptoms at the follow-up study, independent of treatment. The only predictor of a poor prognosis was abdominal surgery before the diagnosis.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

The effect of coarse wheat bran in the irritable bowel syndrome. A double-blind cross-over study.

Dietary supplementation with wheat bran has been widely advocated as a first-line treatment of patients with the irritable bowel syndrome (IBS). Few controlled trials have been reported, and the results are, furthermore, contradictory. The present study comprised 20 patients with IBS, of whom 18 (14 women, 4 men) completed the trial. The two treatment periods of 6 weeks each, with a daily intake of 30 g coarse wheat bran or 30 g placebo bran, respectively, were randomized in a double-blind cross-over design. Wheat bran significantly (P less than 0.05) increased the stool weight and shortened the intestinal transit time but was without significant effect on the colonic motility index was shown. We conclude that coarse wheat bran used as the only treatment in IBS does not provide a sufficient effect in a 6-week period. However, wheat bran seems to be justified in the treatment of constipation.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

The dependence of human decidual prolactin production and secretion on the osmotic environment in vitro.

Human decidual tissue from uncomplicated term pregnancies was incubated in vitro using a cross-over design of incubation lasting for 72 h. The decidual issue of each membrane was added sequentially to media with the osmolalities 252, 315 and 387 mmol/kg, and the different osmolalities were in 33 experiments induced by changing the concentration either of sodium chloride, potassium chloride, mannitol, sucrose, or choline chloride. At 387 mmol/kg all substances elicited a significant increase in Prl secretion compared with the 315 mmol/kg media (14-27%) or the 252 mmol/kg media (26-46%). When the sodium chloride, potassium chloride, sucrose, and choline chloride media at 387 mmol/kg were compared in another 7 experiments, potassium chloride increased Prl secretion more effectively than the others (10%, P less than 0.05). The incubation cross-over design did not permit determination of the decidual Prl content after incubation in each of the various media, but in 28 experiments the mean decidual Prl content was 12.7 mIU per 100 mg dry tissue (range 4-30) before and 8.7 mIU per 100 mg dry tissue (1-17) after the experiments. The mean amount of Prl secreted during the successive incubations was 152.2 mIU per 100 mg dry tissue (19-672) which showed the secretion to be a result of continued Prl production. The effect of osmolality was independent of the basal production rate. These results indicate that the intracellular ionic concentrations, probably of potassium ion or of chloride ion, are of importance in the regulation of the synthesis and secretion of decidual Prl in vitro.

Cells, Cultured↗
PubMed1984

Concentrations of glycine- and taurine-conjugated bile acids in portal and systemic venous serum in man.

Concentrations of glycine and taurine conjugates of cholic, chenodeoxycholic, and deoxycholic acid in portal and systemic venous serum and in bile were measured in eight subjects undergoing elective cholecystectomy. Mean concentrations in systemic serum ranged from 0.07 to 0.17 mumol/l, in portal serum from 0.49 to 2.09 mumol/l, and in bile from 2.72 to 17.2 mmol/l. The percentage content of trihydroxy-bile acid conjugates in bile (49%) and in portal serum (51%) was higher than in systemic serum (35%) (P less than 0.001). The estimated hepatic fractional uptake of glycocholic acid (mean, 83%) and of taurocholic acid (83%) was higher than the uptakes of the dihydroxy-bile acid conjugates (60-68%). The percentage contents of glycine-conjugated bile acids in systemic serum (mean, 66%), portal serum (62%), and bile (65%) were not significantly different.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

Differential diagnostic value in hepatobiliary disease of serum conjugated bile acid concentrations and some routine liver tests assessed by discriminant analysis.

Serum concentrations of glycine and taurine conjugates of cholic, chenodeoxycholic, and deoxycholic acid were measured with a HPLC-enzymatic assay in 104 patients with hepatobiliary diseases. The capability of discriminating between four major diagnostic categories by the serum bile acid concentrations, alone and in conjunction with five commonly used biochemical liver tests, was evaluated by stepwise linear discriminant analysis. The serum bile acid pattern alone was inferior to the routine liver tests in separating the diagnostic groups. When the two sets of analytes were combined, the generalized group distance (Rao's V) was significantly increased, showing that the serum bile acid pattern contained discriminatory information in addition to the routine liver tests. The gain in correct reclassification of patients obtained by adding the serum bile acids, however, was only marginal.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1983

Oral supplementation of myoinositol: effects on peripheral nerve function in human diabetics and on the concentration in plasma, erythrocytes, urine and muscle tissue in human diabetics and normals.

28 young diabetics with short disease duration participated in a double-blind study by taking 6 g of myoinositol or placebo daily for 2 months. The aim was to demonstrate a possible beneficial effect of this compound on subclinical diabetic neuropathy. Measurement of vibratory perception threshold, motor and sensory conduction velocity and amplitude of nerve potential did not disclose any effect of the myoinositol given. In accordance with this, no indication for a lack of myoinositol in human diabetic blood or tissue could be found. The concentration of myoinositol in the plasma and erythrocyte of 4 human diabetics was normal or high, even though the loss of urinary myoinositol was greater than in the case of 4 normals. Further, an analysis of the content of free and lipid-bound myoinositol in muscle biopsies taken from the 4 diabetics did not give any indication of deficiency. The content of myoinositol in their muscle tissue remained uninfluenced by oral supplementation of myoinositol.

Administration, Oral↗