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Biomedical subjects

L Molnár

Publications and source records attributed to L Molnár.

At least 127 records · Page 7Linked to original sources
PubMed1980

Measurement of lymphocyte activation by a chromatin topo-optical reaction. Mechanism and specificity of the test.

A rapid inexpensive method is presented for detecting peripheral blood lymphocyte chromatin activation by the neutral red "topo-optical" reaction, which causes strong and easily measurable birefringence in the lymphocyte nuclei. This reaction can be enhanced by fixing the cells with 150 mM/l NaCl in 70% ethanol and/or by treating the unfixed cellular suspensions with 0.2 M/l HCl to remove histones. In histone-removed preparations, 30 min DNase I treatment almost completely abolished the birefringent reaction, whereas RNase treatment resulted in only 18% loss. Chromatin activation induced by enzyme inhibition increased chromatin birefringence significantly. The same phenomenon could be induced in sensitive subjects' lymphocytes by specific antigens or haptens much more rapidly. The monocytes were not activated to a significant extent. In non-sensitive subjects different kinetics of antigen or hapten-dependent activation and no cytotoxic effects have been observed. Depletion of T-lymphocytes in vivo in SLE patients or by in vitro treatment with 0.5 mM/l KCN as well as with 0.02% trypsin has caused a significant drop in the mean chromatin birefringence. The effect of trypsin was reversible.

Birefringence↗
PubMed1980

Measurement of lymphocyte activation by a chromatin topooptical reaction. II. Application for detecting drug allergy. A clinical and experimental study.

Lymphocyte chromatin activation was measured in 18 clinical cases of suspected or proven drug allergy as well as in 4 other persons with neither history nor signs of hypersensitivity. The different drugs were tested in the reaction in such dilution that the final concentrations ranged between 50 and 10.000 nanomoles. Within this range between 100 and 1250 nanomoles a bellshaped dose response curve was found in all drug-allergic subjects, measuring the neutral-red chromatin topooptical reaction. At the peak of this curve signs of cytotoxicity could be demonstrated with appreciable chromatin "desactivation", an increase of protein-like substance in the cells' supernatant and a morphological cellular damage. The exact drug concentration at which the lymphocyte autocytotoxicity occurred was inversely proportional with the extent of drug allergy in a given patient. The average lymphocyte chromatin birefringence measured at different non-cytotoxic drug concentrations was directly proportional with the extent of drug allergy. The ratio of the above characteristics gave a score (with the dimension of cm2/microM) which corresponded to the clinical picture. The score was low (55,7 +/- 5,8 cm2/microM) in the control subjects as well as in the drug allergic ones tested with other, i.e. nonsensitizing drugs. The score was high, (309,8 +/- 54,4 cm2/microM) however, when drug allergic patients' lymphocytes were challenged by the proper drug(s). There was neither false negativity in the positive group nor false positivity in the negative group of patients. Scores above 75 cm2/microM are considered as positive, those above 80 cm2/microM are undoubtedly positive. The relation of this rapid test to the lymphocyte transformation test as well as its advantages over the latter are discussed.

Adult↗
PubMed1980

[The effect of alcohol and alcohol withdrawal therapy on the concentration of carbohydrate products of metabolism and electrolytes (Na, K, Mg, Cl) in the blood and cerebrospinal fluid--changes in the oxidation-reduction in the brain].

Both ethanol and ethanol-disulfiram reaction result in a lactacidosis of CSF. The Disulfiram produces hyperglycorhachia, the ethanol causes a shift of the oxidation-reduction processes in the direction to reduction. The Apomorphine has no side effects. The various treatments of alcoholics do not influence the electrolyte concentrations in the CSF.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

[Electrolytes in the CSF of hydrocephalic patients (author's transl)].

The concentrations of Na+, K+, Cl-, Ca++, and Mg++ were measured in the CSF and serum of controls and in those of patients with hydrocephalus. Hydrocephalus was proved with pneumoencephalography. The amounts of Na+, K+, Ca++, and Mg++ were significantly higher in the CSF of patients with hydrocephalus than in the CSF of controls. The changes in the electrolyte concentration gradients seem to indicate that it is not the blood-brain barrier but the brain-CSF barrier which is disturbed in hydrocephalus.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1979

A new method for obtaining viable cells from dermal infiltrates. A study on 2,4 dinitrochlorobenzene induced contact dermatitis.

Experimental contact dermatitis has been induced in 2,4 dinitrochlorobenzene (DNCB) sensitized guinea pigs. The developing dermal infiltrate was excised and the infiltrating cells were obtained by mechanical extraction alone as well as by the combination with collagenase and elastase treatment. The most viable cells appeared in the elastase and mechanically extracted samples and the least in those subjected to mechanical treatment alone. The most cells in the enzyme-treated samples were present 24 h after re-exposure of the sensitized animals to DNCB consisting mainly of lymphocytes and of polymorphonuclear granulocytes. The optimum conditions for the action of enzymes including optimum duration of the treatment, buffer milieu, aspecific proteolytic effect on foreign substrate and action on T and B cell receptors have been elaborated. It was concluded that 80 min of collagenase treatment with gentle mechanical extraction under specified conditions does not affect any measurable immunologic properties of the liberated cells resulting in the second best yield. A comparison of these data with earlier reports and their significance is being discussed.

Animals↗
PubMed1979

Indication and clinical evaluation of radical and semiradical neck dissection on the basis of 271 operations.

Between the period of 1956 and 1973, 271 radical and semiradical neck dissections were performed. The 'en bloc' method was used in 75 patients with cancer of the larynx and in 47 thyroid cancer patients. Analysis of the patient material revealed the operative mortality of 1.5%. 5-year survival was observed in 34.8% of the patients. The incidence of local recurrence amounted to 21%.

Aged↗
PubMed1979

Examination of the immunocompetent cell composition of contact dermatitis. Methods for liberating infiltrative dermal cells and measuring antigen-dependent chromatin birefringence in them.

Infiltrating cells from the dermis can be literated without serious damage to the cell surface by cautious enzymatic treatment in a cell extractor. A new rapid method has been worked out measuring lymphocyte stimulation by detecting changes in the chromatin's birefringence. The chromatin's anisotropy depended upon antigen concentration, incubation time at 37 degrees and was unsignificantly influenced by the samples' cellularity, between 4 x 10(5) and 4 x 10(7) cells per ml. Therefore, it was concluded that the stimulated lymphocytes in the eczematous infiltrate can be detected by birefringence after incubating for 30 min with proper concentrations of the antigen.

Animals↗
PubMed1979

[Effect of bilateral and unilateral electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) on the composition of the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). A possibility to calculate the intracellular redox changes of the brain in humans (author's transl)].

The changes in the composition of CSF and venous blood under the effect of bilateral and unilateral ECT were studied. The intracellular redox changes during the therapy were calculated on the basis of experimental data. Of the patients, 27 were treated with bilateral, another 27 with unilateral ECT. Just before the electroshock, the patients were paralyzed with intravenous succinylcholine chloride and were artificially ventilated with O2. The characteristic change we found was the augmentation of pyruvate concentration in CSF. This change and the calculated shift of NADH/NAD+ ratio in the direction of oxidation refer to the disturbance of the function of enzymes which play a role in the oxidation-reduction processes.

Adult↗