Biomedical subjects
Publications and source records attributed to M A Samsonov.
Carbohydrate load induces in patients with essential hypertension reduction of the phospholipid fraction in the system blood plasma--surface-deep phospholipid pool of erythrocytic membranes, and the lowering of the levels of polyenic and dienic fatty acids.
Examination of patients with chronic coronary heart disease who suffered myocardial infarction has shown that most of them had a high blood serum content of magnesium. The magnesium content was lowered in 25% of the examined and was maximal in serum of the patients under 40 years. A positive correlation of the magnesium content to the serum content of beta-cholesterol and a negative one to the content of pre-beta-cholesterol and triglycerides were noted. After dietetic management a tendency was observed toward a 24% decrease in the magnesium content in obese patients and a 20% decrease in patients with normal body weight. Both groups demonstrated a reduction (but within normal) in the high magnesium content and a moderate elevation of the initially lowered content. The measurement of the magnesium content in blood serum cannot be regarded as an informative enough test for revealing the role of magnesium in the pathogenesis of coronary heart disease.
The effects of two isocaloric antiatherosclerotic diets (containing 120 g protein) differing in the amino acid composition of protein sources introduced were studied and compared in patients with coronary heart disease. Conventional protein sources were used in the first diet, whereas in the second diet, 15% of protein (by weight) was replaced by soybean protein isolate. A study was also made of the effect of dietetic management on lipid metabolism in blood serum. Hemocoagulation, capillary permeability, the kallikrein-kinin system, and immune responsiveness. An increase in the hypolipidemic effect of the diet was noted together with a decrease in the activity of the kallikrein-kinin system, capillary permeability, and body autosensitization upon introduction into the diet of soybean protein isolate. The increase of the protein quota as well as that attained by means of introducing in the diet of soybean protein isolate reduces the therapeutic effect of the diet on hemostasis.
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Explore the source record for details and available documents.
Explore the source record for details and available documents.
Explore the source record for details and available documents.
Young and middle-aged patients with coronary heart disease manifested an increase in the activity of kallikrein and BAEE-esterase together with a reduction in the levels of prekallikrein and alpha 2-macroglobulin. The maximal shifts were seen in young patients and in patients who sustained myocardial infarction less than a year before examination. High kallikrein level was associated with hypertriglyceridemia and disordered fibrinolytic activity. Dietetics promoted the normalization of the disordered parameters, particularly in patients whose diet included soybean.
Activity of the enzymes of local and overall biological actions was examined in a group of patients who had suffered gastric resection for peptic ulcer. The studies revealed enzymopathies of 2 types. The type I enzymopathy arises from deficiency of the enzymes implicated in digestion of food, while the type II enzymopathy is determined by abnormality of the mediator-enzymatic balance in the neurohumoral system. The enzymopathy pattern should be taken into consideration while deciding on a pathogenetically validated treatment.
The authors followed up 58 patients aged 40-56 years with coronary heart disease, who sustained myocardial infarction. Twenty-three patients received the antiatheroscleroctic diet including 140-150 g fructose (group 1), 35 subjects were given the common antiatherosclerotic diet (group 2). Fructose was included into salad, jelly, mousse, stewed fruit, cottage cheese pudding, lemon drink. A study was made on the effect of the therapeutic diets on immune responsiveness, lipid spectrum of blood serum, composition of fatty acids contained by red cell and platelet membranes, carbohydrate metabolism according to the glycemic curves after glucose intake. The data obtained demonstrate that inclusion of fructose in high doses (140-150 g) into the antiatherosclerotic diet has an untoward action on some features common to coronary heart disease.
Patients with chronic renal failure received the diet in which plant protein accounted for 80% of protein component. There was a definite decline in the serum of amylase and lipase activity. The activity of trypsin and its inhibitor remained the same whereas the control group manifested its elevation. In administering the diet for a long time one should consider the possibilities of the occurrence of the action of plant proteinase inhibitors.
The state of an elevated delayed sensitivity was produced in dogs through intramuscular introduction of the human blood serum. Later on lymphocytes were isolated from the peripheral blood of the animals which were then tested by using a blast-transformation reaction and with reference to the lymphocite cytotoxicity. The ration containing an excess amount of protein was found to lower the activity of the lymphoid sensitized cells in the delayed type allergy during the said reactions.
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The dogs fed protein deficient diet (0.7 g/kg body weight) demonstrated reduced functional activity of T lymphocytes. Particularly, this diet exerted an adverse effect on adequacy of the proliferative response of mononuclear cells in culture in vitro as well as on cytotoxicity of lymphocytes with respect to target cells.
Effect of therapy including high-protein diet and hormones on specific and nonspecific cytolysis was studied in patients with torpid and latent-running recurrent rheumatic carditis. The number of HeLa cells on which specific antigens (cardiac tissue extract, collagen, group C streptococcal nucleoproteid) were adsorbed significantly decreased on addition to the test target sensitized lymphocytes from the patients examined. As a result of therapy most patients showed the reduced activity of supernatants obtained from peripheral blood lymphocyte cultures that were incubated with specific antigens.
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High protein diet coupled with drugs was used for the treatment of patients with protracted and latent recurrent rheumocarditis. The mean daily doses of the drugs administered were as follows: 2 g of aspirin and 15 mg of prednisolone. With clinical improvement most patients showed a decrease in the amount of blast transformed lymphocytes in stained smears of the cultures of peripheral leukocytes incubated in the presence of cardial antigen, collagen and group C streptococcal nucleoprotein. They also manifested the diminished ability on in vitro sensitized lymphocytes to produce the leukocyte migration inhibition factor.
A group of 23 patients with acute chronic eczema received hypoallergenic diet providing for maximal exclusion of obligate allergens, extractive and aromatizing substances and food additives, with this diet being full value as to the chemical, vitamin and trace element content. In the diet applied, sugar was completely replaced by xylite, table salt was excluded and liquid restricted. The dietetic management was carried out under the control over the clinical picture of the skin status and the time course of changes in serum concentrations of IgA, IgM, IgG and IgE. The results indicate that adequate dietetic management of patients with acute chronic eczema leads to a significant decrease in serum concentrations of IgE, stabilization and partial regression of skin manifestations.