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Biomedical subjects

M Hosoda

Publications and source records attributed to M Hosoda.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1997

Generation of interleukin 8 in stored apheresis platelet concentrates and the preventive effect of prestorage ultraviolet B radiation.

BACKGROUND: Several recent studies have reported both the generation of cytokines, including interleukin (IL)-1 beta, IL-6, tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha), and IL-8, in the supernatants of stored platelet concentrates (PCs) and the implications of this generation in febrile nonhemolytic transfusion reactions. Prestorage filtration is regarded as highly effective in the prevention of cytokine generation. STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS: Studies evaluated 1) the levels of these cytokines in apheresis PCs during storage, 2) the effects of white cell inactivation by ultraviolet B or gamma-radiation on the generation of cytokines, and 3) the effects of poststorage filtration on cytokine levels. The apheresis PCs were treated by either ultraviolet B radiation (20,000 J/m2), gamma-radiation (30 Gy), or filtration. Samples were collected sequentially on various days after storage. Cytokines were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. RESULTS: The average white cell count in 15 PCs tested was 2.58 +/- 0.7 x 10(6) per mL (range, 0.7-10 x 10(6)/mL). A detectable level of IL-8 was found at 3 days of storage, and the levels of this cytokine increased progressively with increasing storage time, ranging from 1.6 to 35,280 pg per mL on Day 5 and from 2.7 to 83,601 pg per mL on Day 8. Reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction analysis showed that the level of IL-8 paralleled the expression of IL-8 transcripts. The levels of IL-1 beta, IL-6, TNF-alpha, and monocyte chemotactic protein-1 were very low, even on Day 8. Ultraviolet B-radiated PCs failed to generate IL-8, even at 8 days of storage, whereas levels of IL-8 in gamma-radiated PCs were similar to those in nonirradiated PCs. Poststorage filtration of PCs with a negatively charged polyester filter, but not with a positively charged one, markedly reduced the levels of IL-8. CONCLUSION: Of the cytokines tested, IL-8 had the most evident generation in apheresis PCs during storage. Prestorage inactivation of white cells by ultraviolet B radiation, but not by gamma-radiation, was effective in preventing the generation of cytokines during the storage of PCs.

Anaphylatoxins↗
PubMed1997

Three-dimensional combined flaps for reconstruction of complex facial defects following cancer ablation.

Instead of conventional multiple-paddle or folded free flaps, the authors introduce three types of free combined tissue transfers for cosmetic and functional restoration of massively large facial defects. Three cases reported here were repaired with combined flaps consisting of two or more tissues, such as combined free anterolateral thigh flaps and vascularized muscle or bone grafts. In cases with complex defects in the upper lateral face, facial dynamics were also reconstructed with a free vascularized innervated muscle graft. A complex hemifacial defect involving the orbita and nose can be easily reconstructed with free osteocutaneous flaps in two stages. For complex craniofacial defects, the concept of combined chimeric tissue transfers is most suitable. The ideal pedicle vessels for the combined flaps are considered to be those in the lateral circumflex femoral system, which is far from the head and neck regions, because flap elevation can proceed simultaneously with tumor resection.

Aged↗
PubMed1997

Severe myopia as a risk factor for progressive visual field loss in primary open-angle glaucoma.

The optic nerve head in severely myopic eyes may be particularly vulnerable to glaucomatous damage. To study this hypothesis, we examined 122 primary open-angle glaucoma eyes with fair to good control of the intraocular pressure and a sign of baseline optic nerve damage. Then, parameters for the progression of the visual field defects were evaluated by multivariate analysis. A high mean intraocular pressure (p = 0.007) and a large refractive error (p = 0.023) were significant risk factors for subsequent visual field loss. A high baseline cup-to-disk ratio (p = 0.100) was a marginal risk factor. Nonsignificant parameters included patient age (p = 0.692), the use of beta-adrenergic antagonists (p = 0.384), gender (p = 0.831) and left versus right side (p = 0.977). When the refractive error was used to subclassify patients into severely myopic (< or = -4 dpt), mildly myopic (-0.25 to -4 dpt), or emmetropic and hyperopic (> or = 0 dpt), only severe myopia was a significant risk factor for progressive visual field loss. Severe myopia, but not mild myopia, is a significant risk factor for subsequent visual field loss in patients with primary open-angle glaucoma.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1997

[Mode of progression of visual field defects and risk factors in glaucoma patients].

A study of glaucoma was conducted at 17 institutions to clarify the mode of progression of visual field defects in specific types of glaucoma, including primary open angle glaucoma (POAG), primary angle closure glaucoma (PACG), and normal tension glaucoma (NTG). Staging of glaucoma was done by the Kosaki Classification or the Aulhorn Classification and the mode of progression was assessed by life-stable method. The progressive and non-progressive groups of patients in each glaucoma stage were compared with respect to age, intraocular pressure, refraction, and optic disc cupping. A total of 656 eyes were investigated in 656 patients (301 men and 355 women) with a mean age of 58.0 years. The average follow-up period was 5.8 years for the study using the Kosaki Classification and 4.0 years for that done with the Aulhorn Classification. The progression of visual field defects was rapid in the early stage but slow in the middle and late stages in the study by the Kosaki Classification, and it was slow in the late stages in the study by the Aulhorn Classification. The time for progression from stage Ia to stage VI was 43.3 years in the study by the Kosaki Classification and the time for progression from stage 0 to stage 6 was 47.2 years in the study by the Aulhorn Classification. The progressive and non-progressive groups differed significantly with respect to intraocular pressure at various stages.

Female↗
PubMed1996

Free medial thigh perforator-based flaps: new definition of the pedicle vessels and versatile application.

The medial thigh flap is a perforator-based flap nourished with septocutaneous or muscle perforators originating from the femoral vessels. To date, 8 patients have been repaired with this flap and extended or connected flaps including this flap: 4 patients with lower leg defects and 4 patients with intraoral and neck defects. The advantages of this flap are (1) several pedicle perforators exist for this flap, which makes possible duplicated vascular anastomoses to establish reliable circulation of the transferred flap; (2) the flap can be extended or connected to other neighboring flaps in the anterior thigh, so that extensively wide defects can be closed in one stage; (3) the great saphenous vein can be simultaneously used as a vein graft or for venous drainage for the flap; (4) the anterior branch of the femoral nerve can be used for sensory potential; and (5) there is minimum morbidity of the donor defect and a large dominant vessel for the leg can be preserved. The suitable indications for this flap are defects after removal of skin cancer in the foot or lower leg and wide defects after resection of head and neck cancer, which can be reconstructed with the flap connected to neighboring skin flaps. The disadvantages of this flap are that it has a small, short vascular pedicle and the bulkiness of the flap's fatty tissue often requires thinning.

Aged↗
PubMed1996

Effect of administration of milk fermented with Lactobacillus acidophilus LA-2 on fecal mutagenicity and microflora in the human intestine.

To demonstrate the antimutagenic effect of fermented milk in the human intestine, fecal mutagenicity and bacterial composition of six healthy subjects consuming their regular diet were investigated before and during the administration of milk fermented with Lactobacillus acidophilus LA-2. The administration of the fermented milk caused a remarkable decrease (71.9% on the average; range of 19.4 to 90.6%) in fecal mutagenicity compared with that before the administration; Lactobacillus spp. and Bifidobacterium spp. population increased in the feces of all subjects. The suppression of fecal mutagenicity appeared to be due to the change in fecal microflora caused by the presence of strain LA-2 in the human intestine.

Adult↗
PubMed1996

[Role of reservoirs in intraarterial chemotherapy for recurrent hepatocellular carcinoma after hepatectomy].

We conducted a retrospective study on the role of reservoirs in intraarterial chemotherapy for recurrent hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) after hepatectomy. Ninety-two out of 170 patients with HCC who underwent hepatectomy from 1987 to 1992 in our institute were enrolled in this study. HCC recurred in 55 patients. A rate of good patency of the catheter of the reservoir at the time of recurrence was found in 72.7% of the patients. Transcatheter arterial embolization (TAE) for recurrent tumor was not feasible in 3 patients, because of occlusion of the hepatic artery (3.3% of patients with reservoir, 5.5% of patients with recurrence). Eleven patients were treated by intraarterial chemotherapy using the reservoir and TAE or TAE and PEIT (group R), and 11 patients were treated only with TAE and/or PEIT (group NR). Although there were no significant differences between the two groups in the number of recurrent lesions and operative procedures, tumor-free interval was shorter in group R. Cumulative survival rates after recurrence were not significant. The frequency of TAEs was lower in group R, which shortened the hospitalization for postrecurrence therapy. Thus, intraarterial chemotherapy using reservoir contributed to improvement of the quality of life of patients with recurrent HCC.

Carcinoma, Hepatocellular↗
PubMed1995

[An unusual case of peroneal muscular atrophy with rigidity, polyneuropathy, mental retardation, and diabetes mellitus developed in familial Parkinson's disease].

Familial polyneuropathy mimicking Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease associated with parkinsonism and dementia has been reported in literature. We present with similar peroneal muscular atrophy, rigidity of upper extremities, severe peripheral neuropathy, mental retardation and diabetes mellitus. The patient, a 42-year-old man, developed progressive muscle weakness, mental retardation and difficulty in walking in childhood. Because of his pes cavus, he had three surgical operations. At the age of 20 years, he developed distal muscular atrophy of lower limbs. On neurological examination, all limb muscles were atrophic, especially in lower one third of the thigh. Rigidity was noted in the upper extremities. Deep tendon reflexes were hyperactive in the upper and diminished in the lower extremities. Muscle CT revealed low density areas in all the muscles examined, specially in the gastrocnemius and anterior tibial muscles. Needle EMG showed neurogenic change in the forearm, but not in the lower limbs, because of no voluntary contractions obtained due to severe muscle atrophy. Marked slowing of motor conduction velocity with muscle action potentials of very low amplitude was found in the ulnar nerve. Muscle action potentials were not elicited in the median and peroneal nerves. Sensory action potentials were not elicited from the median, ulnar and sural nerves. These findings were consistent with axonal polyneuropathy. In the sural nerve biopsy, the densities of myelinated fibers were markedly decreased. However, unmyelinated fiber densities were relatively preserved. Onion bulb formation was not found. This patient may be classified into hereditary motor-sensory neuropathy (HMSN) type II based on the clinical findings delayed nerve conduction velocities and axonal degeneration in the sural nerve. He has also diabetes mellitus. CT of the brain revealed nothing particular. He is one of members with familial Parkinson's disease (PD) developed in Sagamihara. Peroneal muscular atrophies are not necessarily associated with PD, though it has been occasionally complicated in various neuro-degenerative diseases including parkinsonism. We are now following the patient to detect the symptom of Parkinson's disease for early treatment.

Adult↗
PubMed1994

Free vascularized iliac osteomusculocutaneous flaps based on the lateral circumflex femoral system for repair of large mandibular defects.

A free vascularized iliac osteocutaneous flap based on the ascending and transverse branches of the lateral circumflex femoral system was studied by cadaveric investigation. These composite flaps were successfully used in 2 patients with both large mandibular and soft-tissue defects. The advantages of this flap are that (1) the distal portion of the flap is relatively thin, (2) the pedicle vessels are long and large, (3) the skin territory is extremely wide, (4) repositioning of the patient during the operation is unnecessary, (5) the flap can be elevated while the recipient mandibular region is resected by two teams because the donor site is far from the head and neck regions, (6) the donor scar is in an unexposed area and its location permits easy concealment, and (7) subtotal loss of the mandible can be reconstructed with the use of split crests from either side of the ilium because the external and the internal cortices are fed independently by the lateral circumflex femoral and the deep circumflex iliac systems. This appears to be a new concept for reconstruction of total mandibular loss.

Aged↗
PubMed1994

[Seasonal variation in intraocular pressure].

Generally speaking, physicians have the impression that intraocular pressure (IOP) in winter is higher than in summer, but it is very difficult to evaluate the difference between summer and winter IOP statistically, because the treatments of glaucoma patients are changed according to their conditions. We compared the winter and summer IOP of normal subjects and of several glaucoma patients who had no therapy or no change in therapy. The subjects were divided into four groups, i.e., 20 eyes of the normal group, 17 eyes of the ocular hypertensive group, 24 eyes of the primary open angle glaucoma group, and 52 eyes of the low tension glaucoma group. The difference in mean IOP between summer and winter were evaluated for each subject. In all groups, the mean difference in mean winter IOP was significantly higher. The ups and downs of IOP were greater in the ocular hypertensive group and the primary open angle glaucoma group than in the normal group and the low tension glaucoma group. These results suggest that the seasonal variation of IOP should be taken in consideration when treating glaucoma patients.

Adult↗
PubMed1994

[4-Log leukocyte depletion of erythrocyte concentrates--a comparison with 3 other filters].

Whole blood (WB) and SAGM-resuspended red cell concentrates (RCC) were leucocyte-depleted 1 h after donation by filtration using BF 4 (PALL), Sepacell RS 200 (Asahi Med.) and Bio R01 Plus (Biotrans). We compared the handling of the filter system, focusing routine blood bank practice, filtration efficiency [residual white cell count; flow cytometry (Ortho Cytoron) and Nageotte chamber] and the loss of red cells. Spontaneous filling was found to be an advantage of the Bio R01 Plus system, whereas the BPF 4 and the RS 200 have to be filled by pressure. The filtrations were of similar duration, even those of WB and resuspended RCC. Red cell loss was found to be 10-15% on RCC higher than on WB (7-10%) and varied between the filters used: BPF 4 < Bio R01 Plus < RS 200. The residual white cell count on WB was 1.2-5.8 x 10(6) (RS 200 < Bio R01 Plus < BPF 4) and on RCC was 0.5-3.0 x 10(5) (RS 200 < BPF 4 < Bio R01 Plus). The filters used are highly effective (4-log depletion on RCC) even on fresh WB and are therefore potential in-line filters.

Blood Donors↗
PubMed1993

Enhancement of Fc epsilon RII/CD23 expression on U937 cells with opsonized zymosan: the requirement of a Fc gamma RI/CD64 mediated signal associated phagocytosis.

The kinetics of surface Fc epsilon RII/CD23 was tested on monocytic cell line U937 stimulated with opsonized zymosan. Zymosan opsonized with human serum enhanced not only the expression of surface Fc epsilon RII/CD23 but also Fc epsilon RII/CD23 mRNA detected by Northern blot and in situ hybridization techniques. This stimulation showed a marked synergism with IL-4 in the induction of Fc epsilon RII/CD23. Heat-inactivation of serum did not affect the inducibility of Fc epsilon RII/CD23 by opsonized zymosan, suggesting the involvement of serum substances other than complement. Zymosan treated with human gamma-globulin also induced Fc epsilon RII/CD23, indicating the possible involvement of Fc gamma receptors. The Fc epsilon RII/CD23 inducing effect of opsonized zymosan was partially blocked by pretreatment with heat-aggregated human gamma-globulin or an anti-Fc gamma RI monoclonal antibody but not by the anti-Fc gamma RII or Fc gamma RIII antibody. Our results showed the involvement of signals from Fc gamma receptor associated phagocytosis in the induction of Fc epsilon RII/CD23.

Blotting, Northern↗
PubMed1993

A combined anterolateral thigh flap, anteromedial thigh flap, and vascularized iliac bone graft for a full-thickness defect of the mental region.

A triple combined anterolateral thigh flap, anteromedial thigh flap, and vascularized iliac bone graft was used for reconstruction of a full-thickness defect of the mental region after wide resection of advanced tongue cancer. The distal end of the pedicle vessels of these double skin flaps, i.e., the lateral circumflex femoral system, was directly anastomosed in tandem to the pedicle of the iliac bone graft, which was enveloped by these flaps. The advantages of this iliac osteocutaneous flap are as follows: It can be transferred within a shorter surgical time because the flaps can be obtained in the supine position simultaneously with tumor resectioning; and its skin components can be separated from the bone because each component has its own pedicle vessels, has a longer vascular pedicle (> 10 cm), and has a thicker crest of the bone graft. This flap is believed to be suitable for reconstruction of large full-thickness defects in various sizes of the mandibular and maxillary regions of the face.

Aged↗
PubMed1993

Free combined composite flaps using the lateral circumflex femoral system for repair of massive defects of the head and neck regions: an introduction to the chimeric flap principle.

Chimeric composite flaps combined using microanastomoses consist of two or more flaps or tissues, each with an isolated pedicle and a single vascular source. Free combined chimeric flaps using the lateral circumflex femoral system were used to treat massive composite defects of the head and neck in 10 cases. A combined anterolateral thigh flap and vascularized iliac bone graft based on the lateral circumflex femoral system and the deep circumflex iliac system was the most commonly used combination. An anteromedial thigh flap and a paraumbilical perforator-based flap were also combined with this principal combination. The advantages of this chimeric flap over other osteocutaneous flaps are: (1) The flap is relatively thin and the pedicle vessels are up to 10 cm longer and are wider than those of other flaps for easier harvesting of the flap. (2) It is unnecessary to reposition the patient. (3) The vascular pedicle to the skin can be separated from that of the bone. (4) The donor site is not close to the recipient site. (5) The donor scar is in an unexposed area. (6) The skin territory of this flap is extremely wide. (7) A combined anterolateral and anteromedial thigh flap and vascularized iliac bone graft can be easily obtained as an extended combined osteocutaneous flap. (8) Other neighboring skin flaps, such as a groin flap, a paraumbilical perforator-based flap, or a medial thigh flap, can be combined with this chimeric flap because several major muscle branches to be anastomosed derive from the lateral circumflex femoral system. Chimeric composite flaps using the lateral circumflex femoral system are considered suitable for the repair of massive composite defects of the head and neck.

Adult↗